The Chemistry Of Metal Bonding And Electrostatic Forces

The main goal of this experiment was to observe series of reactions that convert a piece of copper metal, via several different copper-containing compounds, back into its original elemental form. The data collected was the striking color changes along with their relevant chemical equations. The data was collected while keeping a close eye on the experiment the whole time. The data recorded was used to see the different changes involved with a piece of copper metal. The copper was weighed and heated multiple times throughout the experiment

The objective of this lab was to use prior knowledge about the Law of Conservation of Matter and of different types of chemical reactions in order to evaluate if aluminum disappears during the reaction and copper appears. The reaction that occurred between Copper (II) Chloride and aluminum was a single replacement reaction. Clear signs that a chemical reaction took place include heat release/temperature change, color change, and formation of a precipitate. When a single element, in this instance aluminum, replaces another element in a compound, copper, a single replacement reaction occurs. A basic formula for these reactions is AB + C → AC + B.

The purpose of this lab is to study some of the physical properties of two types of solids – ionic and molecular. The samples used are sodium chloride (ionic) and camphor (molecular). The physical properties studied are odour, hardness, melting point, solubility in water and solubility in 2-propanol. It is observed that some of the physical properties of sodium chloride are no odours, hard, a high melting point, soluble in water and insoluble in 2-propanol; some of the physical properties of camphor are a strong odour, soft, a low melting point, insoluble in water and soluble in 2-propanol. A few conclusions can be drawn from these

Charles, James A. "Metallurgy." Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 10 Mar. 2014. Web. 13 Sept. 2015.

The purpose of this lab is to test substances and to determine the physical and chemical properties of substances.

Welding must be done carefully to avoid contamination and machining must be done precisely. Titanium is very reactive to atmospheric gases and can result in degradation in the material. Titanium is weldable in annealing conditions but provide limited weld ductility and heat affected zone ductility. It can also be significantly strengthened by cold working.

These two are isoelectronic so the London force should be the same. This is manifested in similar boiling temperatures.

The Bronze Age is characterized by the use of bronze in tools and weaponry. Copper and tin are the raw materials for bronze. Tin ore was a limited natural resource and only occurred in certain areas; therefore some

Society relies heavily on metals in nearly every aspect of life; however the corrosion of such metals has become a costly and very prevalent issue worldwide. Large amounts of energy, time and money has been poured into

In this lab, students observed reactions, or lack thereof, between metals Mg, Cu, Zn, and Fe; when placed in solutions of Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Cu(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3 and Mg(NO3)2. Students were tasked with observing whatever reaction took place and recording the characteristics of said reaction. To set up the lab, students placed a piece of each metal in a pocket on a spot plate. The plates had four pockets in a row, one for each metal, and 3 rows of pockets. Students would then put a solution in each of the rows and observe the effects of that particular solution on each metal.

The metals were placed into a clay crucible and then heated at a very high temperature inside a kiln containing a charcoal fire. Following the implementation of copper extraction, it was discovered that the process of combing metals gave them superiorities like strength, in bronze.

Substance one was determined to be iron because it was magnetic, and the its melting point was 1535℃, its boiling point was 3000℃, and its density was 1870 g/L. Substance 2 was determined to be wood, because it was lightweight and grainy and a wooden color. It also floated, meaning it had a density less than water, like wood. Substance 3 was determined to be sand, because it was small rocks, which is sand, and had a melting point of 1610℃, a boiling point of 2230℃, and a density of 2650 g/L. Substance 4 was determined to be salt, because it was made of small, white grains, and conducted electricity. It had a melting point of 801℃, a boiling point of 1413℃, and a density of 2170 g/L. In this lab, physical interactions were used to determine

The main purpose of this experiment was to show that single displacement reactions between metals according to their reactivity, with more reactive elements having the power to displace less reactive elements and take their place in a chemical compound (Beran, 2014). This was supported by the results of the experiment, where solid metals were combined with aqueous solutions that contained another element, and reactions only took place when the solid metal was more reactive than the other element in the compound. Only three attempted trials resulted in a failure to produce a reaction, namely the combinations of copper with hydrochloric acid, and copper with nickel sulfate. The outcomes of these trials are justifiably reasonable because copper is ranked lower in the

Early uses of the element include jewelry, weapons, and tools. The element was first used around 9000 b.c.e. and was found in northern Iraq. Copper was first used by Native Americans around 2500 b.c.e. One of the first skills that the ancient coppersmith must have learned how to do was shape the metal, possibly by heating. This element was first used to its full potential when Coppersmiths began to use tin with copper to make an alloy called bronze. An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals with properties differs from those of the individual metal. The alloy was first discovered as early as 4000 b.c.e. Bronze was used similar to copper due to the many variety of tools, weapons, and jewelry that are created from the alloy. It differs from copper in the way that with tin added, the alloy is a better conductor and easier to shape than the metal alone. Copper was used as the primary metal of the world to around 3000 b.c.e when society discovered iron. Many copper compounds are used in today’s agricultural, medical, and pest-control jobs. Copper Acetate (Cu20 (C2H3O2) 2) is a

LEARNING OBJECTIVES The learning objectives of this experiment are to. . . ! ! determine changes in enthalpy and entropy of the reaction of zinc with copper sulfate using two methods: electrochemistry and calorimetry. compare the enthalpy values obtained by the two methods. BACKGROUND Thermodynamics is concerned with energy changes that occur in chemical and physical process es. The enthalpy and entropy changes of a system undergoing such processes are interrelated by the change in free energy, ªG, according to the equation