The Civil Service Act Of Public Administration

"Classical Organizational Theory deals with the 'systematic processes necessary to make bureaucracy more efficient and effective.' Name three scholars that are credited with the development of classical organization thought that most correctly fit into this definition of Classical Organizational Theory. What were the basic arguments articulated by each in their contributions to the development of Classical Organizational Theory?"

The Oxford Dictionary defines discipline as “orderly and obedient behaviour”. It is a standard of respect for other members of your team and hierarchy (an organisation which ranks people according to the power they hold), which involves being able to follow rules and orders, and having self-control. All ranks are expected to show discipline; no matter if they are highly ranked or lowly ranked, as they all are expected to follow the same disciplinary code. However, higher ranked people are permitted to give out orders to the lower ranks, and providing they are reasonable orders, the lower ranks are expected to carry out these orders immediately.

Throughout the 19th century, American government on the local, state, and federal level all utilized patronage to amass political support in exchange for jobs and distributive goods. However, as the century came to an end, there was a shift from this tradition to one that slowly transformed bureaucracy from a spoils system to one of merit. There are many competing theories on why this civil service reform emerged the way it did in the United States. Different test subjects were investigated how and why merit penetrated the bureaucracy concluded that competition among political parties when the majority began to see wavering support, but a more compelling view saw it as a means for politicians to lighten their workload.

Goodsell’s book “The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic” is composed on the contrary. Goodsell makes several arguments in favor of the fundamental soundness of American bureaucracy. His thoughts are derived from a core belief: the quality of public service in the United States is vastly underrated (p. xi). His polemic is such that the flaws and the faults of bureaucracy in America are far fewer on a proportionate basis than is generally thought. The argument of this book is that a wide gap exists between bureaucracy’s repopulation and its record. Despite endless ranting to the contrary, American bureaucracy does work – in fact, quite well (p. 4). According to Goodsell criticisms of government bureaucracy are based more on myth than reality. Goodsell argues that government agencies actually play a valuable and indispensable role in making our society a better place to live. For instance Goodsell examines studies that show what he argues is evidence of public satisfaction with bureaucracy. His arguments are based on such statistics as “most” citizens believing that police do not accept bribes (p. 27) or that “only” a quarter of welfare recipients waited a half hour or more for service (p. 35). In addressing direct performance evaluation, Goodsell shows that public bureaucracy has witnessed overall growth in productivity from 1967 through 1990. He acknowledges, however, that this cannot be fairly compared to private industry’s experience over the

John Baker’s edition of “The Lanahan Readings in state and Local Government” talks about different policy rules local and state governments have to go through in their political careers. In chapter 23, “Measuring State Legislative Professionalism”, Baker summarizes how local and state professionalism are characterized through three main components. These components are based on an index performance that Peverill Squire created. His index compares local/ state government to the national government. In figuring out whether a state/local government is considered professional, he uses three main components. These components are compensation and benefits, time demand of service, and staff and resources. Today, these components are considered the

Kernaghan, K. 2000. The Post-Bureaucratic Organization and Public Services Values. Interational Review of Administrative Sciences 66. 2000, pp. 92-93.

Bureaucrat is a dirty word to some people in modern society, so how can a bureaucracy be a good thing? Many Public Administration theorist, argue that bureaucracy is essential to the growth and expansion of the United States. Most of the criticism of the bureaucracy within the government is based on myth versus reality. Federal agencies play a critical and a valuable role within society and are indispensable to the operations of the federal government. Bureaucracy can be simply defined as the system in which decision are made by Public Administrators rather than elected officials (legislator) within the government. However, when the average citizen of just says the single word bureaucracy thoughts and images of evoked over how negative

The Civil Service Act of 1883 created the merit system by requiring that appointees to public office be qualified for the job, thereby ending the spoils system.

In this analysis we will review a case titled “The Dilemma at the Public Service Department.” We will be discussing different issues, amongst them are: opinions on the honesty, malfeasance, misfeasance, nonfeasance, accountability, competence, and why these particular responsibilities are identified. We will also discuss certain trade-offs made by the commissioner’s loyalty to the department as well as the governor, and public interest. We will also be discussing three barriers when it comes to deciding how the governor will be approached, along with the basic elements that are recommended in strategic management planning.

Politics/administration dichotomy- when viewing this opposition, it should be seen as politicians writing and making rules while bureaucrats implement and put in place the policies and programs for the public to utilize. Administration and politics are seen as two separate components where they should not interface with one another. Even with them being a separate field of study, they have no choice but to integrate. As Woodrow Wilson looked at how politics and administration were forming, he felt the importance of government employees conduct themselves in a professional business manner while ensuring their accountability of providing proper services to the people and not partake in political philosophies. Politics are aligned with elected officials who write and pass the policies to be implemented by government agencies which are then applied by civil servants. By achieving this responsibility, public sector employees are required to embrace the values and principles to ensure efficiency, legitimacy, and

To become a public administrator, you must have the ability to work with different people from different background, different age groups, and various economy classes. A Public administrator cannot be biased towards one group of people and turn around and be favorable towards the other. As an administrator, you have to be transparent to everybody that you encounter, even people that you will be working with, and people that you are working for. According to the publication, “Ethical Dilemmas in the Public Service,” by the Commonwealth Association for Public Administration and Management, describes that the ethical issue that government officials face in any organization is nepotism and bias. The reason why this event occurs is that some of the individuals in the public administrative positions are not transparent in the workplace and are also influenced by personal gain.

Government policy can be described as the declaration that defines the objective of the priorities and goals of the government. Since these policies outline the rules, role, and procedures, they develop a framework in which the government and its citizens can carry out their specific duties. The public policies are created by all governmental levels and target the entire population or particular groups. The process of developing these policies involves the engagement of governmental officials and citizens. On the other hand, politics of government provide the platform for the development, establishment, and implementation of public policy. Therefore, the politics of government are the platform with which public policies are adopted and implemented.

When the word Public Administration come accross one’s mind, people would think of government civil workers and bureaucracy in government office. However, Public Administration is wider than that. It comprises of many part among them are technical issues,financal issues and ethical issues.Among many of them is the importance of manegerial technique, a characteristic where an organization such as government office should have in order to organize, planned, co-ordinate and budgetting. Government office is a big

Civil service systems are designed to hire and promote members of the bureaucracy on the basis of merit. The merit principle is the idea that hiring should be based on entrance exams and promotion ratings to reward qualified individuals to produce an administration of skilled and talented people. All civil servant applicants must pass an exam that measures skills related to the particular civil service position they hope to fill. Some civil service exams are general and apply to a wide range of jobs, whereas others are focused on a particular type of job. I do not see how a “merit exam” can truly show how successful a potential civil servant would be performing in a particular position. An exam may be able to measure the extent of their paper knowledge on the position, but does not reflect how well a civil servant would be able to apply their knowledge to their job. Standardized tests are often frowned upon in public schools, with some politicians and scholars arguing that standardized tests measure how well a student can take the test, and does not measure how much he or she has learned. The same applies to these merit exams. I do not believe that a potential bureaucrat should earn their government position through entrance exams. The exam does not measure how successful a bureaucrat would be at performing their job, but rather measures their test-taking abilities. I believe that a potential bureaucrat should have to partake in a two-year-long paid internship in their