The Classical Music : The Hindustani And The Carnatic

The Classical period of music has also been called the “Rococo” period. The Classical time period was between the 18th and 19th centuries. Spanning the years of 1750-1820. The transition from the Baroque period to the Classical took the music from polyphonic to homophonic where even though it seems like that would make the music less complex we look at a whole different type of complexity. The music typically contained two different melodies and a contrast in sections. This made the chords in the music much more defined and the tonal part of the music became more defined. The Classical period had a significant influence on several aspects of music. Chamber music had a sonata form. This means it had an exposition, a transition, and a recapitulation. Composition in the Classical time was mainly dominated by eclecticism which made the music more diverse. Concerto was driven at first by the Italians. They started the idea of the solo concerto. Orchestration was mainly developed during this musical time period. This is partly due to some of the most talented musicians that lived during this time. They did a lot of work in making the orchestra mainly string instruments. Some of these being the violin, viola, cello, and the contrabass, just to name a few. All of these things had a great influence in the way the music made the transition from the Baroque period to the Classical period.

1. Why does the Indian classical tradition dominate the musical image of South Asia in the west?

1. How is the history of European and Arabic cultural contact reveal through musical characteristics in places such as Spain and Bulgaria?

You know the name the hair and smile but most of all you know the voice. Chaka Khan is a pioneer in the music world and others inspire to be like her. Chaka Khan was born March 23, 1953 as Yvette Marie Stevens in Chicago, Illinois at Great Lakes Naval Base Hospital. She stepped into the music world in the 1970s. Her first music group called the Crystalettes was formed when she was 11 with her sister Yvonne and two other girls from their neighborhood. The group was influenced by Khan’s musical inspirations Billie Holiday and Gladys knight. Later in the years the sisters joined the Affro-arts theatre, a group that toured with Motown legend Mary Wells. They started another group known as Shades of black while being with the theatre. In 1968, a Yoruba priest renames her Chaka Adunne Aduffe Yemoja Hodarhi Karifi and her sister is renamed Taka Boom. In 1969, Khan became very active in the black power movement by joining the Black Panther party. She worked on the organization’s free breakfast program for children. She drops out of school and she sings with the groups Lyfe, Lock & Chain, and Huey & The Babysitters. Finally she joins the band Ask Rufus whose name is taken from a fishing magazine column. The band is discovered by producer Bob Monaco while he was scouting groups at a Chicago club. She became Chaka Khan when she married bassist Hassan Khan in 1970. After hearing Chaka sing, Monaco proclaims “I thought I’d heard the next Aretha Franklin or coming of Christ. She

Music is an art that has united people all over the world for centuries and centuries. Evolving throughout the years, music is split up into many different genres. These genres have derived from diverse time periods and cultures throughout the years. Jazz and Country music both originated in the early 1900s, but have had lasting impacts on completely different cultures. The detailed elements of each piece are dissimilar, but are equally effective in providing entertainment for each audience.

Africa – to play the Cora you must be from the proper family lineage. * Music can be the property of a village. Also, this can be from a certain group. You don’t cross groups. * Music not treated as property at all

One of the greatest composers of music, even though it was only slightly notated at the time, was Guillaume de Machaut (d. 1377), “one of the undisputed pinnacle geniuses of Western music…” His most famous piece was the four-voice Mass of Notre Dame, which maintained his reputation through the changes in fashion (Roberge). After almost a millennium’s worth of music was composed and contributed, the style of music began to change with the next era.

The Native American music gives a broad descriptions as to how the music were made. The usually would comprise of the “vocal” as it suggest to be the backbone of their style of music. It suspect that the music most important aspect it’s towards the way their “Voice”. Native American Music reveals the usage of “piano” works that have some elements related to the musical. (Native American Influence in the Piano Music of Louis W. Ballard).

Famous music composer, Ludwig van Beethoven once rightly quoted “Music is a higher revelation than philosophy”. Indeed, music has higher magnitude than just being a mere form of entertainment- it plays a significant role in our society be it politics or religion or even academics. So important is music’s value that it has been recorded throughout history of mankind in numerous ancient writings including the sacred Hindu scripture, Veda. Thus it is no surprise that even today the value and contribution of music has not declined but on the contrary, risen.

Indian melody is usually based on ragas, a type of melodic mode. Many ragas exist, and each features specific “ethical and emotional properties.” Indian music does not use the Western major and minor tonal systems, or emphasize harmony. Instead the melodies incorporate seven-note thats. Unlike Western scales, the interval pattern varies for each that. “Two of the most common thats, Asavari and Bilawal, closely approximate the Aeolian mode (natural minor scale) and Ionian mode (major scale), respectively.” Traditional Indian music is monodic, with most compositions having a single melodic line, with percussion and drone accompaniment. Most Indian classical music is not contrapuntal, instead, “The interest and complexity of this music lies in its melodies and rhythms.” Talas, the rhythmic patterns, are the basis for the complexity of rhythms accompanied within songs. Talas are long rhythmic cycles, unlike the Western practice of organizing rhythm into short measures. Vocal music is part of Indian tradition, and “vocal techniques are the basis of good instrumental technique.” In general, Indian vocalists do not use vibrato, giving a tonal quality that may sound nasal, flat, or lifeless, very foreign to the Western listener. However, in Indian music, this can be described as a "clean, clear sound" that does not mask or

Music plays a significant rule in our lives. It’s a melody and rhythm we live in. It plays a very essential rule in our day to day to life when it comes to expressing feelings, passing time and for other uses as well. Though we in general may not think about how music has changed so much in the past few decades we must acknowledge the fact todays music is the outcome of the various change in the past. Today’s majority of music we hear is what we define as more as a “westernized” music. Considering other cultures in the world, a huge impact of western music is seen within them. Westernization and modernization are two different words with different meanings and they have two different impacts on a society. Modernization is used to define the improvements and show a progressive transition from one stage to another. Westernization is the concept of being influenced by the customs and techniques of the western society and reflecting them in a non-western culture. This essay will discuss furtherly about the impact of the western society on music cultures of North India and Korea by looking from both the positive and negative point of this impact.

rest of the world are not used to hearing. This is because we are used

The music of India is one of the oldest unspoken musical traditions in the world. The basis of for Indian music is “sangeet.” Sangeet is a combination of three art forms: vocal music, instrumental music (Indian music). Indian music is base upon seven modes (scales). It is probably no coincidence that Greek music is also base upon seven modes. Furthermore, the Indian scales follow the same process of modulation (murchana) that was found in ancient Greek music. Since Greece is also Indo-European, this is another piece of evidence for the Indo-European connection (Dance and music of India).

Music from all over the world presents a range of musical theories. Some of these are documented in writing whilst others are transmitted orally. Discuss and give examples with reference to both Western and non-Western music.

With the variety of life throughout the world, there are different expectations for musical literacy. For instance, the style of Japanese music is very different from that of Cajun music, or Hispanic from West African. These variances give each culture a particular style of expression. Music literacy isn't even confined within cultures; it also produces a way for different cultures to learn from each other. For example, western rock musicians often incorporated traditional Indian music into their style during the 1960's, which broke boundaries between different approaches to literacy.