The Columbian Exchange Of The New World

The Columbian Exchange is all about the trade that happen between the Old World and the New World. The Columbian Exchange brought new systems, and philosophies. In those times the Old World was referring to the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa. The New World was referring to what is today the American Continent. It all started when Christopher Columbus gathers money for his voyage to find new land towards the west in 1492 the discovery of America. When Columbus discovers the New World all types of barter and exchange started to happen between Europe, Africa, and North America. Christopher Columbus brought horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, and goats from the Old World to the New World. The natural environment of this four continents had differences

The Colombian Exchange was an extensive exchange between the eastern and western hemispheres as knows as the Old World and New World. The Colombian exchange greatly affects almost every society. It prompted both voluntary and forced migration of millions of human beings. There are both positive and negative effects that you can see from the Colombian Exchange. The Colombian Exchange explorers created contact between Europe and the Americas. The interaction with Native Americans began the exchange of animals, plants, disease, and weapons. The most significant effects that the Colombian Exchange had on the Old World and New World were its changes in agriculture, disease, culture, and its effects on ecology.

After the discovery of the New World, a new era opened that would come to be known as the Columbian Exchange. With the transfer of plants, animals, culture, diseases, and ideas between Europe and the Americas, good came from the Columbian Exchange which became a possibility after Christopher Columbus set sail in 1492, giving him full credit for this duration.

When, Columbus set foot on America he initiated a biological, ecological, and economic exchange. Exchanges of slaves, animals, technology, plants, animals, diseases transformed European and Native American ways of life. The plants that were exchanged in the Columbian Exchange changed both the culture and the economy of the Old and New Worlds. There were many new plants discovered in the Americas which included maize, chili peppers, peanuts, tomatoes, avocado, sweet potatoes, pineapple, and cacao, but the two main plants were the maize and potato. New farming equipment like the plow was also introduced to the new cultivate more land. Although some farming equipment were discovers slaves were still used to harvest sugar canes, field tobacco,

- A political and economic policy adapted by most European monarchs. A mercantile system exist when the government controlled all economic activities to strengthen national power.

Christopher Columbus changed the Old World in 1492 by accidently sailing to a new land, which was thought to be India but was actually the Americas. He soon found that the goods in the New World were not found in the Old World, and that the New World didn’t have certain goods like the Old World did. People started to exchange goods from the New World to the Old World, and the Old World to the New World. This process was called the Columbian Exchange, and it continued to happen for centuries. When the term, “When Worlds Collide”, is used, it means the exchanging of goods through the Columbian Exchange between the peoples of the New and Old Worlds.

The Columbian Exchange is non-fiction book written by Alfred W. Crosby JR. It illustrates the important events that transpired when Columbus came to America in 1492. I initially chose this this book because I wanted to know more about Europe's effects on America, and how Columbus altered the flora and fauna of America for better and for worse. As I started to read further into the book I immediately was captivated by all the information that was hidden within the text.

When building the New World, the labor that was used was due to racism and slavery. Wealthy white people would come to the Americas for opportunity while poor white indentured servants and enslaved African Americans built their colonies and worked in the fields. As time went on, people began to view certain races as more important and of a higher class than others. The New World became a heavily racist society filled with African Americans being captured and brought over to the America’s only to be worked to death. Even Indians were treated differently based off their origin and religion.

During the late 1400s, Christopher Columbus’s began his journeys to the New World. Because of his travels, there was an exchange of culture ideas and societal changes between the Old World and the New World. This exchange is generally referred to the Columbian Exchange, because of Columbus being a pioneer in the exchange. Ultimately, because of the Columbian Exchange, the global community made its first attempts to address the issue of human rights, the Europeans became wealthier due to exotic crops, and the Native Americans suffered great loss.

Board of Education decision was delivered in 1954. Oliver L. Brown first filed a suit against the Topeka Board of Education in 1951. He was upset because he attempted to enroll his daughter, Linda, at Sumner Elementary School, which was a white school, because it was only seven blocks away. However, because of the segregation laws in the South that required segregation in all public facilities, including schools, Linda Brown was forced to attend Monroe Elementary School. This school was four miles away from her home and she had to walk for an hour and twenty minutes before she reached her school (Urofsky 276). Oliver went to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for help after Sumner Elementary turned him away. The NAACP’s Legal Defense Fund looked at this case and felt that they were ready to challenge legalized segregation. They reached the Supreme Court in 1953. The Supreme Court Justices finally delivered their decision on May 17, 1954 (Urofsky 281).

According to the official website of NAACP, the organization was determined to ensure the political, educational, social and economic equality of African Americans of United States. This determination was proven when NAACP set a stated goal to advocate the constitutional rights of African Americans and aimed to overcome the obstacles “erected to the enjoyment of those rights” (Current 9). Stated again in their official website, NAACP had their focus in the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the United States Constitution, which assured a new generation without slavery and equal protection of the law.

1. The lateen sail was a technological advancement that allowed ships to sail into a headwind. Initially used by the Arabs and later adopted by the Europeans whom combined the lateen sail with other technologies, such as the compass, opened up trade opportunities and improved skills such as mapmaking. The lateen sail was triangular and would allow for maximum sail. The lateen sail was faster than previous inventions, expediting travel and trade.

The Pequots in Connecticut River Valley did not want the whites expanding onto their land. The whiles destroyed their towns and left the remaining survivors of the Pequot tribe to be sold as slaves. This represented a power shift from the populist Native Americans to the English and led to the opportunity for more Puritan expansion.

The Columbian Exchange began after Christopher Columbus’ discovery of the Americas in 1492. This introduced a lot of things to the new world such as crops, diseases, and the technological advances the europeans made. The Europeans took this opportunity to move to the Americas to gain in wealth. While people moved to the new world to start a new life and pay off debts.The new world was a gain for the countries that took advantage of the opportunity to move in, but when they moved in they kicked others out. The natives to the lands were enslaved and forced to convert to christianity by the Spaniards and they were forced to do work on the farmlands for the englishmen.

From the beginning, the NAACP had difficulty in finding plaintiffs in civil rights lawsuits. The selected plaintiff had to be willing to disrupt their lives with constant meetings and court appearances for an extended amount of time, to possibly could include several years. The racial hostility intensified once they became a plaintiff. Opening themselves and family members “to harassment by whites who regarded him as a troublemaker and a symbol of racial agitation. He became a target for pranksters and extremists,” often placing his jobs in jeopardy. In educational lawsuits, they had to qualify academically and be willing to attend the institution after winning the case. This final point was key in the NAACP selection process because their experience with previous plaintiffs was not successful. For example, following the win with the Gaines case, “Lloyd L. Gaines won the right to attend the University of Missouri law school, but he vanished after the Supreme Court's decision and thus prevented a proper resolution of the