The Complex Codes Of The United States Essay

This white fantasization begins with the comparison of the African-American woman to the white woman in countenance who have pale complexions and finer hair, which is directly contrasted with African-American women’s more curly-coiled hair and varying complexions that are darker than those who have mostly a European racial background. To achieve this

The physical side is at one time they did love each other because kids were born. The shared activities are the fact they have children and they still do things as a family.

The focus of this paper is detail commentary and evaluation of four different readings. The reviews will summarize the readings, provide authors arguments, and evaluate them. The readings are: An End to the Neglect of the Problem of the Negro Woman by Claudia Jones, Black Macho and Myth of the Super Woman by Michele Wallace, The Myth of Black Macho by Robert Staples and The Negro Family by Daniel Moynihan.

The memoir “How It Feels to Be Colored Me” by Zora Neale Hurston, was first published in 1928, and recounts the situation of racial discrimination and prejudice at the time in the United States. The author was born into an all-black community, but was later sent to a boarding school in Jacksonville, where she experienced “race” for the first time. Hurston not only informs the reader how she managed to stay true to herself and her race, but also inspires the reader to abandon any form of racism in their life. Especially by including Humor, Imagery, and Metaphors, the author makes her message very clear: Everyone is equal.

Between the World and Me has been called a book about race, but the author argues that race itself is a flawed, if anything, nothing more than a pretext for racism. Early in the book he writes, “Race, is the child of racism, not the father.” The idea of race has been so important in the history of America and in the self-identification of its people and racial designations have literally marked the difference between life and death in some instances. How does discrediting the idea of race as an immutable, unchangeable fact changes the way we look at our history? Ourselves? In a profound work that pivots from the biggest questions about American history and ideals to the most intimate concerns of a father for his son, Ta-Nehisi Coates offers a powerful new framework for understanding our nation’s history and the current crisis. Americans have built an empire on the idea of “race,” a falsehood that damages us all but falls most heavily on the bodies of black women and men—bodies exploited through slavery and segregation, and, today, threatened, locked up, and murdered out of all proportion. What is it like to inhabit a black body and find a way to live within it? And how can we all honestly reckon with this fraught history and free ourselves from its burden? Between the World and Me is Ta-Nehisi Coates’s attempt to answer these questions in a letter to his adolescent son. Coates shares with his son—and readers—the story of his awakening to the truth about his place in the

The Unites States is a true melting pot of ethnicities and cultures. For many members of minority groups a certain hybridity is readily adopted, but for others, cultural assimilation can be quite difficult. Chicana author, Sandra Cisneros described this phenomenon as “always straddling two countries… but not belonging to either culture” (Doyle. 54). African American author, Alice Walker shared Cisneros’ sentiment, but focused her attention on the assimilation of black cultures and subcultures within the United States. Cisneros and Walker make the same poignant statement about the strains of cultural assimilation, with reconciliation of split identities as the goal, in their respective works, 1991’s “Woman Hollering Creek,” and 1973’s “Everyday Use,” yet their unique ethnic perspectives allow them to make it in surprisingly different ways.

The early 1900s was a very challenging time for Negroes especially young women who developed issues in regards to their identities. Their concerns stemmed from their skin colors. Either they were fair skinned due mixed heritage or just dark skinned. Young African American women experienced issues with racial identity which caused them to be in a constant struggle that prohibits them from loving themselves and the skin they are in. The purpose of this paper is to examine those issues in the context of selected creative literature. I will be discussing the various aspects of them and to aid in my analysis, I will be utilizing the works of Nella Larsen from The Norton Anthology of African American Literature, Jessie Bennett Redmond Fauset,

In his book “Code of the Street”, Elijah Anderson presents the term “oppositional culture”. In his final chapter and conclusion, Anderson shares the story of two men, John Turner and Robert, both raised and affected by the alienation that led to oppositional culture. In this essay I will compare and contrast the ways in which Anderson uses the men to illustrate oppositional culture, and explain their life trajectories. I will prove that while John Turner and Robert show examples of oppositional culture in the trajectory of their lives, the two eventually differ at the conclusion of their encounters with Anderson. To prove this, I will begin by defining oppositional culture and its relation to African American culture.

Gannett states that though technically, the “average adult American... would have about seven parts white and one part negro blood,” “[i]t is a strange and a gratifying thing to witness… the complete dominance of the Anglo-Saxon strain” (Gannett 1). With that, Gannett turns his full attention to the average American in all his Anglo-Saxon glory, never to mention the “negro” part of him again. “The Average American” appeared in the year 1901, only two years before the publication of W.E.B. DuBois’ The Souls of Black Folk, a work which overflows with the pain, frustration, and injustices felt by those who had “negro blood” in their veins. If the average American has “one part negro blood,” then why are not the experiences of the African American as described by DuBois even slightly mentioned in Gannett’s assessment? The reason is simple. Though his purpose is not to discuss race, Gannett’s writing lionizes the Anglo-Saxon which naturally not only confirms the existence of the color line but justifies it as a necessary tool that separates the strong from the weak. Ironically, this direct fomentation of DuBois’ claim, in and of itself, is enough to prove to readers that the color line is indeed a problem, one that unjustly bars African Americans from “average American”

As race continues to remain a difficult topic in the United States, the factors that affect the way race is perceived and addressed are more influential than ever. In her debut novel Homegoing, Yaa Gyasi explores these controversial issues by juxtaposing the lineages of two half sisters, both from what is now present-day Ghana. One sister, Effia marries a wealthy British governor, while the other, Esi, is sold into slavery. Gyasi travels from 18th century Ghana to the present day United States, weaving a story of institutionalized conceptions of race that resonates in today’s turbulent political world. Gyasi introduces ethnocentrism, the concept that one’s own cultural background colors their view of other cultures, in the relationships between

America’s possess a rich history but sometimes it’s shadowed by many issues, one of them who has persisted is race. Racial tensions have decreased substantially through the decades. During the peak of racial tensions, the author Tomi Morrison publishes Recitatif a striking short story touching the taboo of “black-white”. Even though recitatif implies a lyrical way the story is written in a narrative way, which it might be misleading at first sight but if you analyze it after reading the story it can be something amazing.

Nikki Grimes tells the story of Danitra Brown, a young girl whose first descriptor is splendiferous, an adjective used to describe a person as splendid. Meet Danitra Brown is told from the perspective of Danitra’s best friend, Zuri Jackson. Meet Danitra Brown is unique in that it’s told through a series of thirteen poems. Though the thirteen poems can be self-contained, they should initially be read sequentially to understand the overall theme of the story. The story begins by telling the reader who Danitra Brown is, from the perspective of Zuri. The pages go on to describe Danitra and Zuri’s friendship, through the good and the more challenging life situations they encounter together. One of the themes found within these thirteen poems is the importance of friendship. Zuri describes experiences throughout each of the thirteen poems that emphasize this theme, from jumping rope together to Zuri buying ice cream for Danitra. Going hand in hand with friendship, the other major theme found within this story is the impact that discrimination has on young children. Throughout the story, skin color and the struggle to accept one’s identity is touched on repeatedly. In addition to the themes discussed, this book incorporates core African American cultural values within the thirteen poems. The cultural aspects of African American culture I will be discussing are expressiveness, communalism, indirectness, and dramatic performance.

Bellah et al. describes the life of Angelo Donatello, a foreign American, attempting to “Americanize” himself because of the disadvantages involved with being labeled Italian by rejecting his heritage to become free and successful. When he finally accepted his Italian origins to improve his own community by forming a chapter in the Sons of Italy, Angelo realized “there was more to life than leaving behind the past, becoming successful on his own, and expressing himself freely” (Bellah et al. 67). Many foreign Americans like Angelo try to disregard the past and become something they are not in hopes of reaching the so-called “American Dream”. Only when they accept their heritage will their desired success transpire. In comparison, Walker accounts the mother in her story dreaming of her daughter, Dee, and herself being interviewed on a TV show. After describing her physical appearance in real life, the mother says, “But of course all of this does not show on television. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pancake” (698). The mother knows the advantages and disadvantages ascribed with their complexion and recognizes Dee’s aspiration to change aspects of her heritage to “Americanize” herself.

In Americanah by Adichie Ngozi Chimamanda, the characters Ifemelu and Dike undergo two different experiences of race in America. Ifemelu, coming from Nigeria, has never witnessed what it means to be “black” because in Nigeria she is simply Nigerian; there are no grey areas with race there. Her cousin Dike, on the other hand, has only experienced “blackness” in America because he is born into it. Throughout the novel, Ifemelu struggles to assimilate because she is trying to understand race in America. While, Dike is seemingly numb to any social injustices that occur to him because he has grown up around it. Using Ifemelu and Dike, Adichie highlights how the realities of racial inequality force Non American Black people to confront their expectations surrounding their immigration; but ultimately their confrontation often results in a major loss of identity in hopes of dealing with reaching the ideal American dream.

Throughout history Assimilation has been a criterion in American society, the process by which one culture comes to resemble another, whether through social practices or cultural dissidence. Encapsulating these themes is “In the Kitchen” by Henry Louis Gates, an account of Afro-American identity as told through the guise of the upkeep and maintenance of one’s hair and a race besieged by a largely oppressive society. Due to the delicate subject matter of Gates’ piece, figurative language plays a large role in the distinction between the dual meaning of “The Kitchen,” the very thought that one must conform to a preconceived ideal to exist in mid-20th century society. During the course of this piece I will demonstrate the way figurative language,