The Concept Of Smart Grids Design

estranged concept but will be or at least should be a reality for most motorists. Electric cars are a

Alternative energy has been a major focus of many countries for a few decades now in order to

by that method offset the pollution that they are causing by using the grid. There are not

Since the concern of not having the right amount can no longer be considered a problem, we must now investigate the accessibility of the wide variety of alternatives energy sources. Alternative energy sources may or may not be renewable. Alternatives such as wind, solar, hydro, and thermal will always be replenishing so the problem is not accessing these alternatives but actually going out and putting in the effort to utilize these resources. All that is required of people or companies is to build the necessary equipment required to capture the designated alternative energy source. As illustrated by Berinstein, “wind power systems can be designed in many ways. Most systems include a rotor with two or three blades…and an electrical generator…” (100). People do not even have to follow a specific design; designers have the ability to design their products based on the needs of the people wanting to buy them. They can be designed for high output, land conservation or even for minimal maintenance. Also illustrated by Berinstein, “Small turbines are simpler…These systems require less maintenance, but of course, they produce less energy” (100). This specific system could have been designed for unused terrain which means it is not easily accessible for persistent maintenance checkups. Since many alternative energy sources are renewable

Let’s put into consideration that all major automakers are planning to launch or have launched electric/hybrid vehicles, which will increase the competition widely in the next years.

Just about everyone wants a car but no one Wants to pay for gas well now thanks to technology we don’t have to yes thanks to the discovery of the electronic car people can travel solely on the power of electricity but most people say that Unless some new type of battery is invented these electronic Car are nothing more than a dream but these are far more than a dream and very much so a part of reality But what does the future hold for these cars

Our nation is on the brink of an energy crisis and alternative means to produce

Just about everyone wants a car but no one Wants to pay for gas well now thanks to technology we don't have to yes thanks to the discovery of the electronic car people can travel solely on the power of electricity but most people say that Unless some new type of battery is invented these electronic Car are nothing more than a dream but these are far more than a dream and very much so a part of reality But what does the future hold for these cars

Innovation and technology: By 2040 almost none of Europe 's new cars will be powered solely

This reduces the number of equipment in the balance of plant. This principle finds a wide application in distributed power set ups with the obvious advantages of high efficiency, elimination of a network of complex power grid and the losses associated with it, which results in cost reduction [1]. The recovered heat finds a wide application in heating swimming pools, greenhouses, space heating and hot water systems in high rise buildings.

Due to growing environmental concerns, adoption of policies favoring renewables and governments incentivizing renewable energy technologies such as solar and wind, these are expected to become larger part of our energy profile in the next couple of decades. (grid impacts…)

(Example: Power grids were unable to monitor and control power consumption until Smart Grids came along. Pg. 35)

Improve the efficiency of power supply have become crucial to satisfying the demands of people increasing day by day in the life and the development of social production. The world has accelerated the development of smart grid technology and effectively promote the smart power grid. The Smart grid has become the new trend of the future power grid development [1]. The construction of smart grid is based on economic development, to meet the needs of people, and it is the inevitable result of advanced science and technology development to a certain degree. State Grid Corporation proposed to speed up the construction of high voltage network power grid as the backbone network, with informatization, automation, interactive of characteristics of the coordinated development of power at all levels of the strong and smart grid, and strive to achieve the power grid from the traditional power grid to a high effective, economical, clean and interaction of modern power grid upgrades and cross, actively promoting clean energy development, focusing on from generation, transmission, substation, power distribution, power, scheduling, communication information, seven aspects such as to study the key technology of Intelligent power grid [3]. A Smart grid includes STG (Smart Transmission Grid) and SDG (Smart Distribution Grid). A lot of literature introduced smart grid basic concepts and techniques, but per the literature of SDG is relatively small. Smart Distribution Grid

A key objective of smart grid efforts is to substantially increase the penetration of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind. As per the Solar Mission under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, the central government of India plans to generate up to 20 GW grid-based solar power, and cover 20 million square metres with solar energy collectors by 2020[1]. However land acquisition is a challenge to solar farm projects in India, hence there is a need to utilize residential roof tops for harvesting of solar energy. Substantial grid integration of renewables is challenging, since their power generation is intermittent and uncontrollable. The modern electric grid permits households to consume electricity in essentially arbitrary quantities at any time, and is not currently designed for vast quantities of uncontrollable generation. Instead, the grid constantly monitors the demand for electricity, and dispatches generators to satisfy demand as it rises and falls. Fortunately, electricity demand is highly predictable when aggregating over thousands of buildings and homes. As a result, today’s grid is able to accurately plan in advance which generators to dispatch, and when, to satisfy demand.

Numerous contributions to overall improvement of the efficiency of energy infrastructure are anticipated from the deployment of smart grid technology, in particular including demand-side management, for example turning off air conditioners during short-term spikes in electricity price, reducing the voltage when possible on distribution lines through Voltage/VAR Optimization (VVO), eliminating truck-rolls for meter reading, and reducing truck-rolls by improved outage management using data from Advanced Metering Infrastructure systems. The overall effect is less redundancy in transmission