The Concepts Of Carbon Emissions Pinch Analysis

In this paper I will be discussing the renewable technology Hydropower and the pros and cons of it. I will be using three separate articles from GREENR focusing on hydropower as a whole and some of the possible downsides of this technology in addition to the very noticeable positive effects from hydropower. The three articles mentioned are "Building BRIC: Carrieann Stocks takes a look at recent developments in hydropower across Brazil, Russia, India and China." (International Water Power & Dam Construction) (Jan. 2015), "Electricity Production from Hydroelectric Sources, Top Ten Countries, 2003/4." (Global Reference on the Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources Online Collection), and "Green streak." (Earth Island Journal) (Jun. 22, 2015). I will be discussing the possible reasoning behind some people not wanting to focus on this possibly very beneficial alternative and try to explain why “If Hydropower is available why don’t we use it?” Keywords: dams, turbine, hydroelectric, renewable resource, nonrenewable resource

Efficiency at a power plant is determined by energy conversion rate. This is rate is measured by the input energy source, in this case coal, in proportion to the output, which is the power generated. The less fuel that is required for power generation, the more efficient it is. Efficiency is very sensitive in relation to the amount of carbon dioxide emitted. A single percentage increase in the efficiency of a coal fired power plant yields a 2-3% reduction in the carbon dioxide levels emitted by this plant. The power stations on the upper side on the scale of efficiency may emit up to 40% less carbon dioxide than the average power stations currently installed. The efficiency of power plant improvements include the most cost effective and shortest lead time actions for reducing emissions from coal fired electricity. This is especially true in developing and lower-economy countries

Indicator 1: Population total. This is the average amount of people within this country, showing how it grew overtime. This helps to indicate the wellbeing of a nation as it helps to set the ‘poverty line’, which may then influence decisions on social welfare.

When you use water to produce electricity the only cost you will have, is building the big plant. The hydro plants do not have a lot of parts that will need fixed (“Facts”). They do not have to have machines or man power to obtain water. The only man power needed with hydropower is building the plant that produces the electricity.

Hydroelectric power plant is one of the major power plants all over the world in order to create electricity. It is also one of the best renewable energy sources on the planet earth. In ranking, Canada is the third largest country to produce hydroelectricity power. The efficiency of this power source is 90% and this is very impressive as the percentage of efficiency is very high. Hydro power plants generate 24% of the world’s electricity. More than 1 billion people are associated with hydro power plants as they use the power supply from hydro power plants.

The issue of energy shortage is not going to go away in a short span of time because of the non-seriousness of the government on the construction of big dams. Currently we are adopting various short-term solutions but this is not the answer to the

Hydropower is taking the energy out of water flowing from a higher elevation to a lower one and converting it into electricity. Hydropower has been used as source for electricity for many years and is the leading renewable energy resource in America today. Hydropower is the most dependable and effective of all renewable power sources. “And today, about seven percent of all electricity is generated from hydropower” (DOE.org) The Tennessee Valley Authority is the nation’s largest federal, public power company. TVA also has fossil fuel, nuclear, and hydropower plants. “TVA maintains 29 conventional hydroelectric dams throughout the Tennessee River System and one pumped-storage facility for the production of electricity.” (tva.gov) “Together

Hydropower is a tremendously flexible technology for power generation. Hydro reservoirs provide built-in energy storage, and the firm response period of hydropower enables it to be used to optimise electricity production across grids, meeting sudden fluctuations in demands.

“Worldwide, hydropower facilities possess a significant amount of installed electric generating capacity. IEA statistics indicate that at the end of 2001 there was in excess of 450,000 MW of installed capacity within IEA member countries, with about half in Europe and half in North America. In addition to conventional hydropower, there is more than 80,000 MW of installed pumped-hydro capacity in IEA countries. In contrast, utility-scale wind power is relatively new in the electric market, but increasing rapidly” (Integration of Wind and Hydropower Systems)

The way hydropower works and operates so efficiently is because it uses falling water or flowing water which is already happening naturally in the world. The plants work by allowing water into a small area and then it flows down and pushes a turbine which then charges a generator to create electricity and then flows out the other side continuing on with the path of the river. The turbine spins and creates electricity to be used. Which leads to the biggest hydro powered plants being in dams or on large rivers to take advantage of the large body of water. There are many different types of way the energy is created there is the

Small hydro is important in remote area application and communities who do not have electricity for several years to come. Small hydro easy to operate, it is suitable to support local population, even stand as a dependent source of electricity for remote area (Puranik, n.d.).

Hydroelectric power is one of the oldest alternative energy sources that is still as important today as it was in the past. Since biblical times, people around the world have been using flowing rivers to power a simple machine known as a mill. When the water mill turns from the power of the rushing water, it turns kinetic energy into mechanical movement that can complete a job. In the past, that job has been grinding grains, chopping lumbar, and pounding paper (Dursun & Gokcol, 2011). Today, the harnessed power from flowing water is used to provide humans with one of our most important resources: energy (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2015). This paper will explore many aspects of hydroelectric power. Topics that will be discussed include how hydroelectric power works, advantages and disadvantages, how it is currently being used, and plans for using hydroelectric power in the future.

With the high-speed economic development and the incredible growth in human population around the world, electricity demand has increased rapidly (Zarfl et al., 2015). As a fast growing country with the largest population in the world, the electricity generation in China nearly doubled between 2005 and 2011 (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2014). In order to narrow the gap between electricity generation and consumption and, on the other hand, alleviate the environment problems mainly caused by fossil fuel, China has encouraged more investment in renewable energy (Ibid). Hydroelectricity has become the most important renewable resource as China has a large amount of hydroelectric power potential (Ibid). The word “hydroelectric” relates to “the generation of electricity using flowing water to drive a turbine which powers a generator” (Oxford Dictionaries online, 2015). Electricity produced by using

Hydropower is the renewable energy contained in flowing water. Electricity generated using hydropower is known as hydroelectricity and is generally considered to be reliable.

- Lao Government granted HAGL two hydropower projects on the South River with total capacity of 110 MW