The Conflict Of The Truce

Through the book ‘Europe’s Last Summer’ David Fromkin tackles the issues of pre WWI Europe, and the surrounding political, economic, social, debacles that led paranoid countries to go to arms after nearly a full century of relative peace within the European continent. While Fromkin certainly points his fingers to all the nations of Europe his primary focus lies with Germany and Austria-Hungary. Though he continues to stress throughout much of the book that Kaiser Wilhelm II and Archduke Ferdinand were fervent keepers of the peace within their nations, the fault of the war ultimately could be laid at the feet of their two nations and their constant attempts at war-mongering. He claims the war could have been avoided for the moment, had all the nations of Europe wanted peace, but the two bad eggs of Europe drew them all into an unavoidable general war.

This was my first but not my last lapse into Finny’s vision of peace. For hours, and sometimes for days, I fell without realizing it into the private explanations of the world. Not that I ever believed the whole production of World War II was a trick of the eye manipulated by a bunch of calculating fat old men, appealing though this idea was. What deceived me was my own happiness; for peace is indivisible, and the surrounding world confusion found

The Christmas truce of 1914, one of the most heartwarming stories of one of the bloodiest wars in history. Most of the powers engaged in fighting at the time the war started thinking the war would last a few months and no more at most, but as we all know they were so very wrong. The Christmas Truce was perhaps the first act into WWI where front-line fighters began to grow tired of the endless, useless assaults on their enemies, perhaps to only really gain a few yards of ground. The losses were mounting up and the soldiers began to defy direct orders not to fraternize with the enemy. The first mention of a Christmas Truce between the warring armies happened a few weeks before Christmas day 1914. Pope Benedict XV suggested the sides lay down their arms and cease fire on one another for the day and allow the soldiers to celebrate the holiday he asked “that the guns may fall silent at least upon the angels sang”; all of the nation’s high commands refused to agree to any ceasefire or truce and vowed to continue fighting ,regardless, soldiers in the trenches were there fighting a war that they’ve been told by their superiors would have already been over by this point. Living in completely inadequate conditions close to freezing each night as went to dream in I’m sure you can understand why the soldiers began to soften the enemy they were facing in the hope that they might do the same. They were taking orders from generals who sat far behind enemy lines not engaged in the fighting and it’s that distance perhaps that allowed the first stage of fraternization to actually begin, communication took time to travel between officers on the front lines and the generals back at headquarters, so certain things could go on that they wouldn't find out about. Besides that first mention from Pope Benedict that a Christmas Truce could actually become a reality, there had already been a few small-scale truces conducted along the front lines between the British and French on one side, and the Germans on the other from around November 1914 onwards as the two sides really settled into that stalemate of the trench warfare they were said to be a ceasefire after sunset at certain points along the line when soldiers would have their

An ancient Chinese proverb states “One cannot know peace without knowing war” (Herzberg). In a time where all that plagues many nations was war, it was inevitable that a time of peace needed to follow or at least the sober idea of it. The proverb was created to validate wars and later turned into a way to approach life’s troubles. Being within an individual or on a global scale, war and peace are connected. They exist coherently but never together; they are the cause and effects of each other. One follows the other yet both are needed in order to understand the other one. This relationship between war and peace is developed in the Erich Maria Remarque's novel, All Quiet on the Western Front. While the first major world war is the background

In regards to war, Gandhi once commented, “I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary, the evil it does is permanent.” In other words, violence masks its potential impairment by seeming innocuous at first; however, the true damage, often permanent, can be seen chronically. The idea reflected by Gandhi’s quote can be proven through an examination of World War I and Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front. Although soldiers and governments in both worlds initially saw honor and security of their countries as valid reasons for going to war, what ultimately came of that conflict were both immediate consequences, such as loss of innocence and development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (often referred to as PTSD) among young soldiers, as well as permanent, long-term consequences, like the hatred the war had spurred in Germans which ultimately ensued to Hitler’s rise to power.

1-24. Print. “The Treaty of Versailles – 1919.” In The Holocaust. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2006.

A Separate Peace, chapter three starts of with Gene talking about how Finny saved his life when he fell out of the tree. On the other hand, the only reason Gene was in that tree to begin with was because of Finny, “I didn’t need to feel any tremendous rush of gratitude towards Phineas”(Knowles 33). If it were not for Finny there is no way Gene would be anywhere near that tree. Also, if Gene was not so worried about pleasing Finny all of the time, he would not have jumped from the tree in the first place. After all of this happens and as the club now starts to grow, Finny decides he needs to start recruiting other members for the Suicide Society.

Gandhi once said, “I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary; the evil it does is permanent.” The meaning behind this quote is that violence brings temporary satisfaction, however the pain it causes remains. The important concept to grasp is that people must think about the consequences of their actions and how they will affect others. It may be a great outcome, but for a short period of time; however, it is important to consider rational decisions. This quote relates to the novel All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque and World War I because at first it is all fun and games until that “good” slowly fades, the evil within the good will continue to remain. World War I included a series

The civil war ended and it was soon the beginning of many hardships. “The Problems of Peacemaking” discusses all of the problems with the Northerners and Southerners becoming peaceful after the war. President Abraham Lincoln did many things to try to get peace after the war. When he realized it wasn’t going to be easy, he decided that a “Reconstruction Plan” could maybe help them get peace. After the civil war the South didn’t have many things left because everything they had was destroyed almost completely. People living in the south wanted to regain it back but they soon realized it wasn’t that easy to do. The white southerners lost some land and their slaves but that was nothing compared to the black southerners. Black southerners lost everything when they left to get freedom, besides a little bit of clothing and a few possessions they took with them. Blacks and whites had completely different meanings of freedom. The whites wanted to control what they did without the government’s input, and the blacks wanted to get freedom from the whites. The whites wanted white supremacy which is, they wanted to be more superior. The blacks just wanted to be control and own things such as land. General William Sherman’s “Special Field Order No. 15” helped give 400,000 acres of land to 40,000 freed slaves. Other methods were produced to help slaves get land, one of the most famous was the Freedmen’s Bureau. The Freedmen’s Bureau gave slaves food, health care, clothing, and education. The whites of course, disagreed with the Bureau and would have disputes about it. The disputes were all settled by the Freedmen’s Bureau. General Howard created the “Circular 13” which helped lease 40 acre plots to slaves and hoped to later sell it to them. He also made the Southern Homestead Act that made 46 million acres for sell to slaves in many states. It was later repealed because people thought slaves were taking advantage of it. Republicans had say in what happened during the reconstruction. The conservatives and radicals disagreed on their views. The radicals were more harsh. All the conservatives said was that the south should just take what was happening and do nothing about it. The radicals wanted to take away some rights from a

From juvenility to maturity, A Separate Peace combines classic American Literature with a thoughtful plot-line that is developed to affect the readers’ mind and heart. The author, John Knowles of Fairmont, West Virginia, had one clear purpose for writing this book. This purpose was to show the disastrous mental and physical problems which arise as the result of war, specifically the repercussions they have on the home front. A good lesson to learn from this book is that even a war three-thousand miles away can have just as much ramification as a war three miles away. This novel shows the transition of Gene Forrester and his friends from boyhood to manhood during a

For me, this moment—four years is a moment in history—was the war. The war was and is a reality for me. I still instinctively live and think in its atmosphere”(32). This quote made by Gene encapsulates the major role World War II plays in A Separate Peace. John Knowles, the author, utilizes the war as a spectacular backdrop for his novel. In fact, without World War II, this book would just be another story lost in the churn of the millions of novels published. A Separate Peace, which would lack an external conflict, have only a paucity of symbolisms and connections, and suffer from a lack of explanation for many of the character’s actions, would need to be completely rewritten or scratched altogether.

Public perceptions of World War I were formed by literature written during the war itself. British literature in particular offers a vast array of perspectives. The writings of Siegfried Sassoon and Vera Brittain demonstrate themes of grief and recall upon instances of mental fragility revealed by war. In “The Great War and Modern Memory, literary historian Paul Fussell identifies that this type of literature expresses an essential truth about not only the First World War, but all modern wars. Fussell strongly asserts that war is futile, wasteful, and most importantly, destructive. (Fussell 3-35). Modern literature about the First World War is also demonstrative of these themes.

When looking at the religious side of the war, one thing that stands out is the Christmas truce of 1914. The soldiers on opposing sides called for an informal cease-fire on Christmas to celebrate the holiday together. The Christmas

“The Christmas truce, therefore, is now viewed as a moment of sanity in the midst of brutal and senseless lunacy that the First World War comprised” (Crocker, 2015, p. 11). This moment in history

Lieutenant Geoffrey Heinekey, new to the 2nd Queen's Westminster Rifles, wrote to his mother, “A most extraordinary thing happened. . . . Some Germans came out and held up their hands and began to take in some of their wounded and so we ourselves immediately got out of our trenches and began bringing in our wounded also. The Germans then beckoned to us and a lot of us went over and talked to them and they helped us to bury our dead. This lasted the whole morning and I talked to several of them and I must say they seemed extraordinarily fine men. . . . It seemed too ironical for words. There, the night before we had been having a terrific battle and the morning after, there we were smoking their cigarettes and they smoking ours." This quote coming from the Mises Institute of Austrian Economics, Freedom, and Peace, shows exactly how extraordinary the Christmas Truce of 1914 truly was.