The Contamination Of Water Pollution

As animals are continuously shedding E. coli bacteria through their feces, the immediate environments of these animals are contaminated by the bacteria. E. coli can spread from these environments to fertilized fields and crops as well as ground and surface water by way of slurry and manure. This transmission may also contaminate feed and drinking water which therefore transmits E. coli to other animals that were not present in the immediate environment of infection.

Escherichia coli are rod shaped, gram negative bacteria often found in the gut of humans and other warm-blooded mammals (Jacques & Ngo, 2004). It is transmitted primarily through faecal contaminated food and water. Most strains of E. coli are not harmful to humans, however some strains are pathogenic and can cause symptoms including diarrhoea (Unknown, 2012).

According to the “Microbiology Laboratory Manual,” lab 27 focuses on the family Enterobacteriaceae, this is one of the largest families of bacteria (Wong et al., n.d.). Also all of the members are gram-negative, anaerobe straight rods and can commonly be located in mammal’s intestines (Wong et al., n.d.). All the members Enterobacter aerogenes throughout this report will be referred to as, E. aerogenes. There were several examples where E. aerogenes was tested or used, the first example is a One-pot synthesis, the next example is where it is used for dark fermentative biohydrogen production, and the last example is where it is analyzed in groundwater in North Central Nigeria.

Escherichia coli are gram negative, rod shaped bacteria that are often used in laboratory studies and are usually harmless, residing in the human digestive tract as part of the normal flora. E. coli 0157:H7 is a pathogenic strain of E. coli that was first identified as a cause of disease in the United States in 1982, during an investigation into an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness. The organism is also called enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) because it causes abdominal pain with diarrhea that may contain blood. It lives in the intestines of healthy cattle and can contaminate meat during slaughter. It is believed that the widespread use of antibiotics by American farmers has

E. coli or Escherichia coli is a prokaryotic cell found the in lower digestive track of mammals and other warm blooded animals. E. coli is an easy bacteria to work with as it doubles quickly and is relatively easy to grow, millions of cells can be grown in several hours. E. coli is an ideal bacteria in the lab because it does not require its temperature to be too hot, too cold, or too precise. A general warm temperature is perfect for this bacteria. E. coli is also easy to care for it does not need a specific type of nutrient, in a lab setting it can be feed any agar, making the bacteria over all cheaper to care for. Strains of E. coli can also operate in aerobic or anaerobic environments.

E. coli bacteria normally lies in the intestinal tract of people and animals. In most cases, E. coli is a harmless bacterium and even serves as an essential part of a healthy human intestinal tract. However, there are multiple types of E. coli and some are pathogenic, meaning they can cause illness. Pathogenic E. coli strains are categorized into six pathotypes: STEC, EHEC, ETEC, EPEC, EAEC, EIEC, and DAEC. Pathogenic forms of E. coli bacteria are able to infiltrate, grow and live in a variety of foods and beverages. Once a food or beverage is contaminated and then consumed, the individual who has consumed it is at risk of an E. coli infection.

Clean and healthy water is key to keeping our bodies and environment healthy. Having un-sanitized water can affect many different things from human health to the environment. What I will be discussing is safe and healthy water and how it affects not only us but the environment.

Enterobacter aerogenes is a Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria, from the Genus Enterobacter. Several experiments were performed to properly indicate the bacteria, such as the citrate utilization test, motility test, and glucose fermentation test. All of which tested positive. The purpose of these multiple tests was to become familiar with the process of testing, the different types of tests, and how to identify positive and negative results to properly conclude and identify the correct bacteria Genus and species.

Escherichia Coli (E. coli) 0157:h7 is mainly a food borne pathogen but an area of concern to me regarding E. coli 0157:h7 are the reports of this bacterium being present in recreational areas and drinking sources that can cause illnesses for individuals. What causes this to occur? What happens to waste and feces after floods or heavy rains. What are solutions to help keep recreational areas safer? E. coli was discovered in 1885 by a German Austrian pediatrician named Theodore Escherich using samples from healthy individuals’ feces. Escherichia coli is a bacterium that lives in the intestines of humans and animals. The presence of this bacteria is a part of a healthy intestinal tract. E. coli usually poses no threats in the healthy individual but can become a great problem for the sick, young, elderly and those with a weakened immune system. E. coli is a gram negative, facultatively anaerobic rod shaped bacterium. The cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and outer membrane. It can be grown and cultured easily and inexpensively in a lab setting, thus making it one of the most studied bacteria. E. coli is known as a prokaryotic model organism. E. coli causing disease is caused by Shiga toxin that cause serious illness in people. Transmission of this pathogen is normally a common problem with contaminated cattle consumption and under

To develop a better understanding of water contamination, a field comparison between two separate water sources was conducted. The first water sample was gathered from the Simmons Park Pond and the second from a NES water fountain. The data gathered from this experiment was used to answer several questions regarding the prevalence of contamination in nearby water sources. The field analysis ultimately concluded what contaminants had the greatest prevalence, thereby exemplifying the defining differences between the two water sources.

Even though E. coli normally lives in the intestines, and most strains are harmless, some strains can cause diarrhea. This bacterium is also responsible for numerous contaminated reports of food and beverages (Bertone et al., 1990). The most widely known strain, E. coli 0157:H7, produces a toxin called shiga toxin, which is identical to the shigella dysenteria type 1 bacteria. E. coli 0157:H7 is known for causing over 100,000 illnesses, 3,000 hospitalizations, and 90 deaths annually in the United States (CDC, 2014). The incubation period is, typically, 3-4 days, but can range anywhere from one to ten days. Once

Water is a critical source that is utilized by most living things on Earth to support it ways of live. The usage of water ranges from basic household needs to agricultural purposes. Water is one of the resources on the Earth that is becoming more and more scarce and the water available for usage is being further contaminated by pollution causing sickness and death.(World Health Organization).Countries are experiencing droughts affecting the water supply needed to maintain irrigation, thermoelectric power, and public supply. The definition of water pollution is the result of when too many toxic materials are present, in which negatively impact the water to be unsafe for its intended purpose, which may be drinking to industrial processes

Escherichia coli are commonly found in lower intestine of warm blooded animals. Most E. coli are harmless. The bacteria can be grown easily and its genetics are relatively simple and easy to study, making it the best-studied prokaryotic organism. Certain strains of E. coli can produce toxins that can cause food poisoning when eating unwashed vegetables. (Wikipedia, 2010)

Water quality is important to human health. “Water quality refers to the basic and physical characteristics of water that determine its suitability for life or for human

Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water; and, in almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities.