Essay about The Contribution of Archaeologists to History

“The study of Pompeii and Herculaneum provides us with a wealth of sources – However we are faced with issues regarding their limitations, reliability and evaluation.”

The Museum I chose to go to is The Museum of Natural History, the museum was great and pretty interesting. The topic that I mainly focused on was the Native Americans. My main points was to focus on the way they were living, how they managed to survive and most importantly their traditional cultures. There were many things I've seen that I learned in class, such as the ghost dance and how they were forced out of their land to live in the reservation. There were also many things that we haven't discussed in class; for exa

Over the past centuries, since its discovery in 1749, many archaeologists have contributed to our understanding of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Archaeologists were initially focused on excavating, most of which were improperly done causing extensive damage. It wasn’t until the 19th century, when archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli introduced new excavation methods; those succeeded him include August Mau, Vittorio Spinazzola and Amendo Maiuri. Now attention has shifted towards conservations and restorations which are reflected in the works of Fausto Zevi and Pier Guzzo.

Vesuvius erupted on August 24, 79 A.D. and would last for about 25 hours. It wiped out the entire city. The first explosion had about 2,000 survivors as it was the second outbreak of Mt.Vesuvius that immediately killed everyone. The gas then mixed in with the rain to produce a mixture like concrete that would preserve the city. It was would be nearly impossible to help save the people from the explosion. Mostly due to the volcanic rock and sulfuric gas being emitted from the volcano. One man, named Philly the elder, was in the bay across Mt. Vesuvius when it erupted. He sent some ships to investigate but were stopped by flaming rocks from Vesuvius. He would then head to the town of Stabiae only to die the next day from the toxic gases. This shows that the power of Mt. Vesuvius was very hard to escape and if the people survived the explosion, it was very unlikely they would survive the gas. This would ultimately be the end of Pompeii. Hundreds of years later, in the 16th century, Pompeii would be discovered by Domenico Fontana. The excavation of Pompeii occured in 1748 and Karl Weber carried out the systematic studies from 1750-1764. He was very sensitive to the excavation and was knew how to dig out every detail in a room. In 1860, Giuseppe Fiorelli became the excavations director and was able to help create the process of casting out the hollow remains of the people. The remains shows us that the city was surrounded by walls. The public buildings were grouped mostly into three areas, which are the Fourem, the Triangular Fourem, and the Amphitheatre. These areas have many temples and buildings for its economic and political purposes. Many villas and private houses show us that Pompeii had a time of great wealth. Pompeii was a very disastrous event and can be related to the present day disasters. As there have been many natural disasters, one of the most disastrous natural disaster was Hurricane Harvey. This occured in 2017 and was a category 4 hurricane. This

The sky turned dark as a huge, black cloud rose into the air. Stones, hot ash, and poisonous gases fell down onto the city of Pompeii as the seemingly quiet Mt. Vesuvius erupted in the year 79 A.D. Soon the entire city and all of it’s people were buried under 20 feet of ash. Even though this ancient city lived over 2,000 years ago, their daily life has similarities to ours today. Daily life in Pompeii is similar to us in various ways.

Pompeii was a city of ancient Rome. Pompeii as well as Herculaneum and many other villas were destroyed and buried in 4 to 5m of ash and pumice due to the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius. This happened in 79 AD. Osci found the town in the 6th or 7th century BC. Rome then later on conquered it and made it a colony by 80BC. Approximately 160 years after the eruption, the population rised to 11,000 people, they had a complex water system, an amphitheatre, and a port. The eruption destroyed everything and buried it all under ash making it difficult to find any remains. This evidence was provided from Pliny the Younger who saw the whole thing from a distance and wrote a letter. His uncle was in the city at the time trying to help people make it out. He

He divided Pompeii into nine regions. The blocks in each region were numbered and each house on the street had its own number given to it, so that each house could easily located. Fiorelli developed the technique of using cement to make casts of bodies. He would pour cement into the hollows formed in the volcanic ash where bodies had disintegrated. The excavation continued after the interruption of World War II under the control of Amedeo Maiuri. Under Mairui control large amounts of intense activity saw the discovery of prestigious buildings. For example, the Villa of the Mysteries, the complete recognition of the ancient town's perimeter, the excavation of most of Regio I and II and the necropolis of Porta Nocera, this work allowed us to get a good look into Pompeii's past. The excavation has continued after Maiuri finished his work in 1961. Today, the evacuation of Pompeii is still an ongoing process that began almost three centuries ago. The rediscovery of Pompeii has allowed archeologists learn an incredible amount of information about ancient Roman

Giuseppe Fiorelli was placed in charge of a Pompeian excavation in 1860 as the Inspector of Excavations and he established the idea to excavate the city in an organised and scientific way through the use of detailed maps and the record of each new find. Fiorelli is recognised for the creation of plaster casts as he observed cavities that resembled decomposed bodies and objects in the hardened debris. These casts were left over time as the flesh had disintegrated, leaving bones and a hollow impression in the volcanic rock. He recognised these casts as valuable sources and implemented the plaster casts to preserve the human remains, which showcase the final expressions and positions victims and citizens at the moment of their death. His objectives

When Pompeii was found, it was a huge time for new scientific findings. The scientists and historians wanted to preserve the location so they can learn the history of Pompeii. They used plaster casts

There is no possible way the image above will help historians better understand the events following the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A.D. First of all, this picture was of before the volcano erupted, when the clouds of hot ash were billowing above this city of Pompeii. Any ideas that historians came up with ――from just looking at this picture―― about the events following the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, would be inferences, because it is impossible to get information about what happened after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius from looking at a picture of what the city of Pompeii looked like before the eruption. This image is a secondary source, since it computer generated, and they didn’t have computers at the time of Pompeii. A primary

The tomb is most famous for its large rows of soldiers, but there were plenty of other statues to accompany Emperor Qin in the afterlife. There were 150 life-size cavalry horses and 130 chariots with 520 horses buried with the army. In other areas of the tomb, figures of government officials and entertainers have been found.

The archeologists didn’t care if they smashed holes in the walls with paintings on them (Etienne 16). As they dug, they put plaster in the gaps that once I hald dead bodies. This way, when they took them out of the plaster, they can see how the people looked when they died (List25). Soon scholars started going to Pompeii. It even became a stop on the Grand Tour of Naples (Etienne 16). Pompeii is thought to be the world's most valuable insight of the Roman world (Cartwright 1). It's even possible to reconstruct everyday life due to written records (Cartwright

Archaeology in the media is portrayed as very high risk and thrilling. Not to diminish the excitement of archeology, but the portrayal of archeology in movies is extremely exaggerated and far from accurate. In Indiana Jones Indy is often plagued by so many forces that try to set him back from his archaeological goals. He faces looters, booby traps, destructive weather, etc…

This will be a research report on Pompeii, how it was affected by the eruption of Vesuvius and how it was designed. Pompeii was a town in Italy and would soon to become disrupted by many disasters, and an even bigger event to follow. The eruption of Vesuvius would terrify, shock and kill thousands of people living in the town, perhaps only a handful of townsfolk had survived that fateful day. Many tried to escape the ash, hiding in house corners, believing that they would be safe, or running towards the shores where boats were located, but the majority of people had died on that day.

The excavation and discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb was as a result of the efforts of the Archaeologist Howard Carter and his team. Carter’s discovery of the tomb came by finding steps to the burial near the entrance to the tomb Ramses VI. The subsequent excavated of the site by Carter and his team revealed the greatest ever treasure found from an Egyptian tomb and showed the existence of Tutankhamun. Carter’s methodology for the excavation was that of maintaining records for each artefact and that every artefact that was brought out of the tomb was preserved appropriately. The discovery and excavation of the tomb was a long and complex process but with it revealed much about Tutankhamun.