The Cotton Spinning Machine

The industrial revolution was a time of great change in Europe. Many of those changes were brought about by mechanical inventions that greatly increased efficiency by which raw materials were processed. "While working in the sciences and tinkering with mechanics, a few people were able to come up with new ways of doing things. New machines were invented" (MacroHistory and World Report) Three significant machines that were invented during this time period that greatly increased the cotton industry were the cotton gin, the spinning jenny, and the power loom. Since cotton was one of the major cash crops exported by the colonies to England, it is important to understand these inventions in order to grasp the changes brought about by this trio of machines on the cotton industry.

The Industrial Revolution occurred in Britain and America around the late 1700’s to 1900. This revolution improved the production of goods using new mechanisms and machines. Human labor was in high demand in order for the highest production rates. Factories employed low to middle-class people that were as young as three years old (Document 9). These workers were benefited with money, shelter, and clothes, but the working and living conditions were not satisfying. The average industrial worker experienced a variety of factors that can be classified as good or bad, including the positive effects of labor, like the shelter, money, and food they were given; and the negative effects of the factory,

British cotton textile industry grew into the worlds most productive; its railway network became the nation’s principal means of inland transportation and communication; and a new fleet of steam-powered ships enabled Britain to project its new productivity and power around the globe.

From 1880s-1930s mechanization has increased in both Japan and India. More machines had started to be used than using one’s hands which produced more cotton than hand spinning would have. Female workers were overworked in the cotton factories that favored using machines instead of hand spinning to increase the production of cloth and yarn.

Some people reacted very negatively to the issues raised by the growth of Manchester. Robert Southey, an English Romantic poet, wrote in document one about Manchesters increased population and how people are crowded on narrow streets and their homes are blackened by smoke. He describes how the antiquity has been lost and they are without beauty or holiness; Manchester a mere shell of its former self. Southey was a visitor to Manchester when he wrote document 1 and since he is a Romantic writer it would explain his reaction in describing the lack of beauty in Manchester and his distress due to the overpopulation and the poor living conditions. He would be deeply influenced by emotion and beauty so seeing Manchester so lackluster would trigger his negative reaction. Document 3 was written by Alexis de Tocqueville who was a French visitor to Manchester. He also has a negative reaction where he writes that nowhere in Manchester do you see people taking leisurely walks or

From 1750 - 1851 Manchester, England wet under many changes. Streets were filled with excrement and disease. As much as 10 people lived in a single room. The walls of buildings were covered in smoke. The city size grew exponentially. The main changes included city growth, poor living conditions, and overall city ugliness that led to a variety of reactions.

England in the 18th and 19th centuries changed dramatically as a result of the Industrial Revolution. As a result of the tremendous growth its population increased from 18,000 in 1750 to over 300,000 by the time period of 1851. The industrialization of Manchester was very efficient and successful for the modernization the city, and the growth also raised many issues in society. Some issues were the effects on the social structure and the gap between the classes. Along with the issue that occurred in Manchester which were the terrible living and working conditions and also the wealth situation.

Industrialisation and urbanisation developed during the late 1700’s. This was the process of companies removing physical labour and replacing this with machinery. The iron and the textile industries we’re two fields of work which played a big impact on the industrial revolution and the people who mainly benefited from these occupations were the very poor and working class.

In the 17 and 1800s, Europe was reeling from the effects of the Agricultural Revolution and new resources that changed the lives and diets of the poor. Inventions such as the seed drill by Jethro Tull and the spinning jenny by James Hargreaves awakened a desire for even further inventions that would improve the quality of life and make goods even more accessible. As the cottage system was slowly morphing into a factory system, especially Great Britain saw a massive surge in industrialization. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the rapid urban development, as a result of industrialization, led to deplorable living and working conditions for the city’s poor and in conjunction an influx of negative thinking towards the adoption of the factory system

The industrialization of manchester was a major influence on the rest of the world, but it came with many negetive effects. The factory workers had to deal with poor working conditions,poor living conditions, pollotion, deadssie, and they had to work for hours everyday. Many of the workers grew sick and died from the poor conditions they had to endure. The industriali revolution, although was a great influence on the rest of the world, it cuased a horrific lifestyle to many of the working class factory workers.

In the nineteenth century, Manchester became one of the most industrialized cities in England. Manchester had become the leading textile manufacturing center, which increased the nation's prosperity. In addition to being the most industrialized city, its population almost multiplied in little over a century. Since the growth of industry and urbanization was on such a large scale in such little time there were both positive and negative issues and reactions. The low standards in working condition within the factories and the health issues that came from them, alongside with the conditions of the city and overall standard of living were all issues that came from the growth of Manchester at an alarming rate.

After the Civil War, the south was faced with creating a New South. This New South produced new ways of making money to try and help reestablish its economy. One of the ways for southerners to find work was industrialization. Industrialization was the process of producing clothes from cotton, and it resulted in mill villages being formed across the Piedmont landscape (Hall 106). These mills provided jobs for many people who lived in the south who left their work on the farm in search of a different life. Analyzing the relationships between the mills and its workers through resources found throughout the book, The Most They Ever Had, the reader can get a sense of how the workers felt about their labor and what effect the mills had on their lives. The relationships will be described by explaining what the mill work was, what the conditions were like inside the mill, and some of the curricular activities that took place outside the mill. This will help in

Document D is compiled of book excerpts from History of the Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain, written by Edward Baines in 1835. Mr. Baines said that the reports of terrible treatment in factories were small portions of the truth; he states, “It is definitely true that there have been instances of abuse and cruelty in some factories.” However, Mr. Baines explains that the work that children do in the factories is light, there is no proof that the posture is affected by the jobs in factories, and attitudes in the factories are cool, calm, and positive. Mr. Baines found this information after he visited some of the factories and when he wrote his

The Schoolroom on the Second Floor of the Knitting Mill starts with a mostly lighter tone. A traditional, happy, school room is depicted. The speaker expresses that they “miss” the teacher, Mrs. Lawrence, her room, and the school in general. The tone changes at the somewhat ominous line 15, “somehow it happens,” The line of children crosses the threshold and the speaker, Judy, is told she is not a good leader. The tone is mirrored in the reader’s opinion towards Mrs. Lawrence. Informal diction is used and, on a second reading, several words indicate that even from the beginning the poem may not be as light and sweet as it initially appears. Mrs. Lawrence “carves” her nails, the chimney “[breaks] up the sky”, and it is said that moving over

The Industrial Revolution was the main contributor of the development of factories and modern day machinery. The Industrial Revolution created hundreds of new jobs, influenced many new inventions, and created many new ways of creating and transporting goods. Many jobs including spinners, miners, factory workers, and farmers were beginning to rise in population, due to the new technology being created in the 18th and 19th centuries. The start of new inventions coming into view was beginning in Britain, with many agricultural tools creating new ways to plow and yield crops. Later on, it caused new forms of transportation to be developed, for example, railroads and canals. This essay will explain exactly how these causes began, and how they