The Creation Of Mobile Imaginaries

In the text " Nannies, Maids, and Sex Workers in the New Economy," Barbara Ehrenreich and Arlie Russell Hochschild argue that women from third world countries have to leave their homes and go to developed countries in order to provide for their families. When these women move so far away their family bond is affected and their children miss out on the love and affection they need. These women also run the risk of getting paid little for their work, being manipulated by their bosses, and also having to become sex workers for them so they don't run the risk of losing their jobs.

Despite women’s hard work, their efforts continue to go unrecognized. This is evident by the legal concept of unpaid and paid work. This legal concept definitely ignores the women’s work and renders it invisible, essentially disproportionately exploiting the work of women. Moreover, since unpaid work is presumed to not contribute to the capitalist economy and does not involve exploitation for surplus profit, it is undervalued. Interestingly, despite not being able to directly “profit” from unpaid work, the state has managed to find a way to still exploit the work of women. Accordingly, Waring (1998) argues that because domestic work is unpaid, it is seemingly a form of enslavement where women’s partners, families, their communities,

Human trafficking has received increasing global attention over the past decade. Trafficking of women and girls for forced sex work and, to a lesser extent, domestic servitude, were the sole focus of advocacy and assistance. There is recognition in today’s society that women, children, and men are trafficked into many different forms of labour, and for sexual exploitation. In her article, “Understanding and Addressing Violence Against Women”, Cathy Zimmerman and Heidi Stockl focus on the commonality of human trafficking and how evident it is in everyday life. They bring in the health effects and possible solutions to human trafficking to help validate their opinion and argument. In the solutions they offer, Zimmerman and Stockl shine a light on policy-makers/decision-makers, health-care providers, and researchers/funders and what each of these groups of people can do to help combat the issue of human trafficking. In a quote from their article, Stockl and Zimmerman say: “Health care providers and organizations involved with trafficked persons should increase their capacity to identify and refer people in trafficking situations and provide sensitive and safe services to people post-trafficking”. This quote shows how Zimmerman and Stockl believe human trafficking should be combated by caring and talking to those affected by the issue but how they also believe awareness should be made about human trafficking so as to allow people surrounding the issue to identify and help victims of this issue. Zimmerman and Stockl’s view on the ways human trafficking should be combatted relate to those of Soroptimist due to the fact that the two groups of people are focused mainly on helping women and girls who have been trafficked and trying to get them to a better life after getting out of the trafficking situation. Both groups focus on helping men as well, providing options to help them such as raising money and awareness, and getting educated on being able to identify victims of human trafficking.

Women from diasporas in Third World countries, such as China and the Philippines, search for jobs in First World countries and migrate in order to make enough money to send back home. However, these women are often exploited in the labor force, or taken advantage of by their manager. For instance, emotional labor is work that regulates or suppresses other people’s emotions and feelings. Nursing or nanny work are common examples of emotional labor because these occupations demand more communication and interaction. People from Third World nation-states often come from a Communist system, in which all property is publicly owned and everyone works and is paid accordingly, to a Capitalist system, in which the country’s trade and industry are privately owned and the labor force exploits workers. As seen in the film Mardi Gras: Made in China and the novel Global Woman, Director David Redmon and authors Barbara Ehrenreich and Arlie Russell Hochschild portray the exploitation of women in the workforce and in marriage from Third World countries, thus suggesting that imposing emotional labor on female workers puts people in developing nation-states at a greater disadvantage and ultimately makes the poor worse off.

On Black Sisters Street recounts the unpleasant story of four ladies who like so many immigrants today, have left their African country, political turmoil and family risking their lives to reach the lands of opportunity. Desperate to overcome poverty and hopelessness for a better life they become victims of human trafficking sacrificing their bodies to the pleasures of men. Every day, men, women and children are sold into slavery, prostitution, and forced to work in agriculture, domestic work, or factories and sweatshops producing goods for global supply chains. This is happening on almost every continent and country. Thousands of foreign nationals arriving in this and many other countries are allured with promises of a better life by promising

We believe this chapter gave a better understanding on globalization and migration. In “Remotely Sensed”, we recognized that the women that volunteer to be trafficked for sex work are usually migrant women who have difficulties providing for their families and finding jobs where they are from. This causes them to resort to prostitution, because they see it as the only job that could earn them enough money to provide for themselves and their families. We often see influential people with power speak about helping women get out of prostitution. Yet those same people in power support the state which holds on to the structures which refuses to give women equal working opportunities. This causes us to wonder if they are really interested in putting an end to human sex traffic or will continue to let it occur as it creates and puts money in the

Barbara Ehrenreich and Arlie Russell Hochschild’s collection of writing titled: Global Woman: Nannies, Maids, and Sex workers in the New Economy, published in 2002, is a good description of the dirty little secrets that haunt many underprivileged, non-white, Third World women experience. This reading is a rather detailed story of hard working women that are trying to support their families back in their native lands. Domestic servants are nothing new to the world- it’s something that has been passed down through many generations, continuing the persona of oppressed women. Millions of people, mostly from poor countries, flee hundreds and sometimes thousands of miles to seek better pay for their families.

Most people around the world follow the culture myths, in past years in Saudi Arabia, people believe that the women should stay home without studying and working just take care of family’s needs which lead to shortage employees in many important jobs. Such as hospitals because they believed that hospital jobs only for males and only males qualified to do it. Maasik and Solomon explain that men can work in every jobs and women can’t. They go on to write: “Have you ever noticed how oursociety believes that it is usually the

As some women in first world countries go out of the home to work, women from lower classes immigrant women from the third world perform the functions of childcare, ‘homemaking’, domestic tasks etc. these women who constitute the transnational labor of care have bad working conditions, few rights and opportunities or work satisfaction. As some upper class women break the glass ceiling, other women enter the market to perform the transnational labor of care, at low wages and bad conditions, without these women to perform the domestic tasks, to perform this transnational labor of care( example of Filipino migrant maids), other privileged women would not be able to leave the home to work and take up white collar occupations. Thus some women

The sociological problem that this paper is addressing is that individuals living in poverty are more likely to be trafficked than those who do not live in poverty. The following research will address definitions of common terms that will be used in the paper, as well as background information, facts, statistics, and a conclusion with how all of this information relates to the sociological problem in discussion. The terms that need to be defined for this research are: human trafficking and poverty. Human trafficking, also known as forced labor, is best described as the “recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of threat or use of force… for the purpose of exploitation” (Juergensmeyer, 2012, p. 868).

Harsh labor conditions, and the exploitation of work performed by migrant populations has longstanding, deeply-seeded historical roots and in part can be explained by the shift of the American and global economy through post-industrialization. In the book, Disposable Domestics: Immigrant Women Workers in the Global Economy, author and activist Grace Chang reasserts this notion, stating, “First World imperialism and development policy in the Third World and resulted in resource depletion, debt and poverty for many people in these nations,” (Chang, pg. 2). Chang goes on to highlight the ways in which migration rooted in the promise of economic opportunity in a new country does not fully account for the ways in which that seemingly more fruitful, and economically viable nation has held a complicit role in disenfranchising the country from which these immigrant laborers are fleeing. In her piece, Mexican Immigrant Women and New Domestic Labor, Maria de la Cruz Ibarra, reiterates this, asserting that migration of laborers from the third world to the first is not random, and instead can be contextualized through a historically analytical framework, where taking into account the economic advancement and

It is a tragic situation. Sub-Saharan migrant women in these circumstances are subject to additional abuse of their human rights. African women are often exploited. A majority of reports on migration into Morocco on to Europe involve trafficking of women (Anyadike, 2015). Many women seek financial security in the form of a sponsor, usually from a man who will accompany and support them. But this type of aid has negative effects, it “has caused a stressing issue that creates “debt bondage in which they must pay off – most commonly through sex work” (Anyadike, 2015). Article four of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights prohibits slavery, another unethical practice that Africans have resorted to is in direct violation of the human rights. Again, it is rooted in the weakness of the migrants. Most that participate in sex work have no other options. And those who perpetrate this exploitation have created an unbreakable cycle, forcing African women to be in “debt” for as long as they can draw it out for. This problem is not going away with the industry of sex trafficking well and live alive, even today; the issue is expanding. And solutions are hard to come by, especially when the parties involved are limited with incentives or resources to help.

The modern world today is proud to recognize the equality that has been acknowledged between age, gender, and race. Women are beginning to be treated as equals with men, in new customs, lifestyle, society, and economy. Today, women are freer and are liberated from their traditional roles as housewives, and are pursuing their hopes and dreams. However, this is not the case in many regions of the world. In the developing countries, thousands of females are dehumanized by prostitution and the trafficking of women and children is dehumanizing which serves only to benefit men. It exploits and violates the rights of women in the developing world. Sexual exploitation, which includes sex tourism,

Women employed as Domestic Workers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are being abused psychologically, physically, and sexually by their employers; scholars reference the economic boom of the 1970s as the time period in which migrant labor originated in the UAE. An understanding of the origination of the labor force is critical in understanding why the Expatriate population is so large in the UAE. Kamarava, a professor and director of the Center for International and Regional Studies at Georgetown University, documents the parallel between the economy of the UAE and the growth of migrant workers as a major labor source. The

Society is familiar with the hazards and vulnerabilities that exist when women are abducted, traded and sold into trade. Nevertheless; if we only focus on women who are traded; we are disregarding the concern of disempowerment among women who are bound to enter the trade due to circumstances and surroundings curtailing from their schooling, incomes and livelihood or their lack of. This disempowerment should be a problem that is exploited and spoken. It’s often disregarded and goes unnoticed by the theory that all women in this line of work are forced in by pimps, johns, and madams other than the conditions, circumstances or their choice. By only paying attention to trafficked women we’re ignoring another population.