The Criminal State of Mind

Individuals and groups in society struggle the limited resources that exist and are desired by humans that cause the crime. Every society has its own sets of moral standards and expectation. A criminal action violet the human rights and interest. The criminal procedure and criminal law were used to maintain the public order.

On the one hand, criminal behavior is a kind of behavior that must be punished, but on the other hand, through the implementation of criminal behavior, it will meet the criminal's various illegal desires and abnormal psychology. Therefore, the perpetrator in the crime process, the mood can not be completely calm. There are more or less excitement, nervousness and fear, especially the change in mood is great. The psychological state of the perpetrator in the course of the crime is different because of the difference of the crime. The newspaper article from the New York Times which is named “Inside a Criminal Mind” which is written by Claire Nee. This article introduces an experimental study of criminal behavior. There are two groups of people in this study: students and ex-offenders. They find that the difference between two groups are the students are not as focus as the ex-offenders (Claire Nee, 2015). Generally speaking, the fear of the criminal who is first time to commit crime is obvious. In the implementation of crime due to exceptionally tight, the fear of being discovered. So their attention is limited in a narrow range, it’s easy to leave traces of the crime in the crime scene. While the tension and fear of the recidivist is not so obvious, because of repeatedly committing the crime, the crime is expected to hold more than the first, and has certain anti detection means. The crime encountered an unexpected harvest when unhurried,

According to the psychological theory, a person commits a crime for their personal need, but also because of some abnormal process within their personality. The explanation of such a behavior is in the individual and their desires (Helfgott, 2008). Psychological theory proposes several methods how to prevent and control the criminal behavior this theory recognizes punishment and reinforcement, but the punishment needs to be immediate, because another way it would not work

1. Functionalist and conflict Perspectives are the two major theoretical perspectives we use in this class in relation to Crime and Criminal Justice. Functionalist perspective has various explanations for Criminal Behavior one of them being the idea of how Criminal Behavior separates acceptable from unacceptable behavior in the society. According to Durkheim, Laws are what makes people humans and he defined anomie as a state of normlessness, a structural condition where there is no or little regulation of behavior, which leads to irregular or criminal behavior. The perspective suggests that an increase in economy would initiate a decline in criminal activities. The other explanation was the idea of social control to criminal behavior. Society

When I was reading chapter two there is a question caught my attention in the “resreach Design: The Experiment” station on page 20. The question was why people commit crimes? And that got me what’s the reason behind that gets people to commit crimes, therefore I decided to search it up and look for some answers. From my research I found that the reason people commits crime because sometimes they didn’t manage to achieve their goals using the normal way such as academic or financial success. Maybe that’s why they decided to try another way be becoming a criminals, but that doesn’t mean that every person who fail to achieve their goal they will become criminal. From the website that I got my information mentioned that only the people who lack

It explains the expected behavioral changes during decision making although it doesn’t explain the reason for the behavioral changes (Gilboa, 2012). Scholars have used this theory in a bid to explain criminal behavior and some of the conclusions which have been drawn from the studies implicate that the reason as to why criminals partake in crime is influenced by several factors basically individual factors and even contextual factors. On further trying to understand criminal’ behavior, criminologists found out that the major motivation to commit a particular crime is the reward such that the criminals might not think of the severe punishment ahead.

In a criminology perceptive standpoint, criminologists disseminate their varied understandings of criminal behavior by the aspects of sociology, psychology, anthropology, and biological theories. Through the early philosophies of crime studies, the classical theory foist the belief of censurable punishment can deter people from committing criminal acts. The biological positivists believe that certain biological and mental traits present at birth can make people more contingent to crime. On the other hand, the sociological theorists believe that a person’s gauche social status within family, academia, and society are determinants of criminal behavior. The accurate lab results of psychology corroborate the explanation of criminal behavior by

The criminal justice system is complex and constantly changing, it has evolved through time, influenced and transformed by various historical periods. Criminality has and will always be an aspect of humanity, interpreted in different ways according to shifts in the various spheres of society, leaving the justice system responsible for adopting these changes. There have been several schools of thought that have altered the system, forming new perspectives in order to explain why individuals engage in criminal behavior. Classical theory was one of the first schools of thought, its development brought about some big shifts of perceptions in regard to the understanding of crime and criminals. The significant changes that resulted from the classical

The study of criminal behavior and the causation of crime is extremely complex. The reasons for the causation of crime have been investigated and pondered for quite some time now, and yet there are still no conclusive answers to the questions of why people do what they do. This paper will set out to describe three theories of criminal behavior and explain how they may affect human behavior and human actions. While the theories are being explained and broken down it is imperative to remember that crime is very complex and the reasons people do things are just as complex. The fact is that, one single theory may not be able to tie things together and the theories talked about may actually intertwine with one another.

Human behavior, and criminal behavior, is “motivated by a hedonistic rationality in which actors weight the potential pleasure of an action against the possible pain associated with it” (Bohm, 2014, p. 56). In An Essay on Crimes and Punishments by Cesare Beccaria, he says that criminals have control over their own behavior. They choose to commit crimes and they can be deterred by the threat of punishment. He believed that the only lawful cause for punishment is either special or general deterrence. Special deterrence is the prevention of individuals from committing crime again by punishing them; general deterrence, on the other hand, is the prevention of people in general or society at large from engaging in crime by punishing specific individuals and making examples of them.

Lastly, the moral education theory is related to rehabilitation because the punishment is for the criminals own good, but the moral education theory also respects that criminals are free people who make choices. The moral education theory evidently accounts for the deficiencies of the other three aforementioned theories. It also morally maximizes justification for punishment by demonstrating how forbidden actions are intolerable because they are immoral, not just because there are boundaries set around certain actions.

(Allen & Latessa, 2013) Unlike the rehabilitation model, the offender is viewed as an enemy in society. (Allen & Latessa, 2013) Within this particular ideology, the explanation of punishment can essentially be placed in three categories; retribution (getting even), deterrence (preventing/controlling), and incapacitation (deprivation). From a philosophical perspective, retribution is simply getting even with the offender. There is an underlying assumption that the offenders willingly commit the criminal acts, therefore they are responsible for their actions. (Allen & Latessa, 2013) The intention of deterrence is to control crime by means of incapacitation, threatening punishment, and announcing potential

There are various explanations biologically and sociologically for the reason of people committing crime. In sociological terms, deviances are regarded as behaviors that considered as violating and ravaging standard norms and guidelines. Giddens (2001) identified deviance as non-conformity to a given set of norms that are accepted the people in society whereas John Schiller (n.d) defines crime as actions or omission forbidden by law that can be punished by imprisonment fine. Some of the common examples of deviance and crime are murder, burglary, robbery, rape and many more. Sociologists who study deviant and crime examine cultural norms on how varies over time, enforced, and what happens to individuals and societies when norms are broken. Deviance and social norms differs among societies, communities, and times.

The five rationales for punishment for law violations are societal or victim satisfaction, removing the offending perpetrator from societal interaction, prevention of possible future crime, changing offender psychology and ideology, and returning the victim to post-crime circumstances if possible (Bohm, & Haley, 2014). Subsequently, the justification for incapacitation is that it removes the potential that the offender can commit further crime. Moreover, the previous justification ties into the deterrence of crime due to the incarceration of the offender and is an example of likely consequences to other possible offenders. Additionally, the prospect of behavior change is an eternal hope; ergo society hopes that help programs, fines, probation,

Since the dawn of man crime has been a problem. Even though most people have some basic sense of what is right and what is wrong, crime still occurs. All the way back to the ancient code of Hammurabi man has tried to understand, classify, and appropriately punish crime. The bible itself includes a detailed set of rules, or commandments, about what was legal and what wasn’t. There are many ideas and schools of thought that surround the idea of criminal justice. Initially the main goals of these schools of thought were to classify and punish crimes, however in the recent past we are seeing a shift toward the deterrence and prevention of crime. Early classical, biological, and psychological theories helped shape what is today’s criminal justice system.