The Cultural Problem Of Walmart

Wal-Mart is a brand that is well known around the world, especially in the USA. It has gradually developed into the largest retailer in the world. Wal-Mart’s globalization efforts have been happening rapidly. But have they been successful in all aspects of their international expansion or not? This is the main thought that is going to be discussed in this essay. The questions I will be looking at are based on a case called “Wal-Mart takes on the world” from the book of International Business The Challenge of Global Competition eleventh edition – Ball, McCulloch, Geringer, Minor, and McNett. Questions are the following:

Wal-Mart failed to grasp the consumer and retail environment in Japan. With a population of 127 million, the highest per capita income and the second largest economy in the world, Japan is a very smart market for retailers. The opportunity exists, but there is much more research and planning that needed to be done before expansion began. Instead of adapting business operations to the Japanese culture, the company essentially assumed the Japanese would readily adjust to Wal-Mart’s. For example, in Japan there is a much larger need for local store customization. Consumer buyer behavior is much different than in the United States, with purchasing patterns and product selection varying greatly between regions. They have a trend to buy smaller quantities in regular intervals rather than the more American idea of “stocking up.” Similarly, the concept of large retail stores is foreign. Retailers with the highest growth rate are small specialty stores; quite the opposite of Wal-Mart. The culture tends to buy more fresh produce than pre-packaged goods as well. Lastly, the Japanese view high price as equaling high quality. This mentality causes them to purchase forty percent of the world’s luxury goods annually. Packaging and appearance of goods play a huge role in their purchasing decisions. When looking at Wal-Mart’s product selection, it is obvious they do not usually cater to luxury-brand customers. All of these cultural misunderstandings lead Wal-Mart

Walmart is the world's largest company by revenue (approximately four hundred and eighty billion dollars) and the largest private employer in the world with two point three million employees. Walmart is also one of the world's most valuable companies by market value, and is also the largest grocery retailer in the U.S. “One Nation Under Walmart” is a case about how Walmart has taken over the retail business and the effects of their market domination. The case also shows statistics of how much percentage Walmart is of many suppliers’ sales. According to the case Walmart has a 30% market share of all household items. Twenty-eight percent of Dial’s business and twenty-four percent of Del Monte’s business go through Walmart stores. It is also worth noting that Walmart imports ten percent of all United States imports from China. The case states that Walmart is able to offer cheaper prices because they put so much pressure on their suppliers to lower their prices. The case, “One Nation Under Walmart”, explains the problems that some people have with the massive retailer. One of these problems is how Walmart has forced numerous local businesses to close their doors through their extremely competitive pricing. They are able to purchase bulk goods at such low prices and thus pass the savings onto customers. As a result of these lew costs, rivals are driven out of business which results in a loss of jobs. Jobs are vital to the success of a community and with Walmart causing job

Walmart faced strong entrenched competition in Canada and Europe. In these developed countries, they couldn’t gain critical mass through internal growth, so they had to acquire companies that have been in the market already. They acquired Woolco, a money losing operation, applied many of the American business practices, and within a few years, the Canadian operations were successful. They have 317 stores, and they account for more than 35 percent of the Canadian discount and department store market. In Europe, Walmart entered Germany by acquiring the Wertkauf hypermarket chain in 1998 and entered the UK by acquiring the 229-store ASDA group. They the leader and are now losing ground to Tesco. A major problem for Walmart in the European market is overexpansion. Accompanied with the famous “Always low prices” approach, they met large resistance from the competition and regulators. Large price wars began because Walmart was accused of underselling the competition. They struggled to build a strong competitive base in German losing more than $1 billion. They were unable to create a competitive advantage, so they sold their operations to a competitor, Metro. They also faced problems in Korea, so

Within less than 30 years, Wal-Mart had transformed from a small rural retailer in Arkansas into the largest retailer in the U.S. In order to continue this rapid growth, the company had started to pursue international expansion grounded in the belief that the firm’s business model of offering quality products at low prices and great customer service would appeal to consumers everywhere around the world (p.8)[1]. China was of particular interest in going international as Wal-Mart’s top management held the opinion that it was the only market in which the firm’s success story in the U.S. could be repeated (p.2/8). However, in 2005 (nine years after its

Since 1962 and the beginning of the discount retailer market Wal-Mart has been ahead of the retail game. By 1967 there were 24 Wal-Marts that had grossed 12.6 million dollars. In just 7 years Wal-mart had spread into 9 states. By 1979 Wal-Mart was the fastest store to reach a billion dollars in sales. In 2005 Wal-Mart has 3,800 domestic stores along with 3,800 stores internationally, and had made over 312 billion dollars. As you can see the Wal-Mart empire has grown monumentally. To move into this segment of the market would be tough.

The evolution of Wal-mart from the early 1960s to the present day has set a benchmark that few can achieve. Wal-mart executives have been successful nationally as well as globally. The knowledge and expertise in economics have made Wal-mart a global giant. The research completed is the final recommendations by the members of research team C and will address questions regarding global competition and issues of the organizations ability to expand or reduce current operations.

3) Do those same sources of cost advantage enable Walmart to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in China? With a localized demand, localized supply base, and localized distribution in China also provided domestic stores with an edge in establishing a strong regional dominance when foreign retailers found it hard to leverage national presence in a regional market. In China, however, the constraints on a foreign retailers operation directly limited the regional expansion of Walmart stores and the efficient use of distribution centers since they were so spread out. Would have to spend more on distribution costs and given the slow speed of transportation did not enable Walmart to lower its prices. Walmart also faced a problem with lack of an information technology network with suppliers, making purchasing and distribution difficult. Also, consumers in China were very different than those back home, which added pressure to the operational costs and directly threatened its ability to set the price low as possible. People in China did not buy in bulk and that is what Walmart specialized in, so shopping patterns did not fit. Diminished economies of scale and interrupted supply chain meant higher costs in satisfying Chinese consumers. Everything that Walmart thrived in and was able to do to cut costs, they

Wal-Mart is at current encountering proceeding with development as it has since its creation. Enact for this kept going development is that during that time the trade has stayed reliable with its central goal of serving both its clients and aides furthermore keeping up its point of being the absolute best in markdown retail locations. At present Wal-Mart is the figure one rebate retail location in the United States pursued by means of Sears, K-Mart, Target and Kohl 's, deferentially, working in each of the 50 states. Wal-Mart is looking for different types of target markets within the Wal-Mart stores, Neighborhood Markets, Sam 's Clubs and widespread Division. The

One notable business failure of an American corporation in Germany was Wal-Mart, which was forced to entirely close down its operations despite its many international successes elsewhere. This was rooted in Wal-Mart's inability to understand German labor relations. German trade unions are very powerful, and worker protections are important. Initially, Wal-Mart resisted unionization and tried to keep wages low, but was unable to do so because of political pressure from German trade unions and employee refusal to tolerate such working conditions. "Germany service sector union Ver.di, the largest union in the world, filed a lawsuit against Wal-Mart for not releasing year-end figures that could be used to negotiate wages. This ultimately led brought

Wal-Marts venture into South Korea is yet another example of a company attempting to duplicate its strategies and business model unsuccessfully. Wal-Mart didn’t consider how the vast differences in culture could affect their survival and ultimately let their complacency, conservatism and conceit get in the way. Their continued losses forced them to withdraw their investment after failing to adapt to the environment, the culture and customer needs. Wal-Mart should have adjusted their leadership style to be able to transcend context as well as engage in cultural sensitivity by localising their business to suit consumer preferences. More knowledge of the environment and competition could have

In order to understand the success and failure of Walmart Stores, Inc. in markets other than the United States, we

Q2. How would you explain wal mart choice of countries during the early stages of international expansion in the 1990 's.

(a) Through the use of relevant examples from the case study, critically analyse the strategic and environmental reasons as to why Wal-Mart engaged in globalisation strategies; and any potential risks associated with such moves.

WalMart's initial international expansion has historically seen more failures than successes. Starting in Germany, WalMart pushed the boundaries of cultural norms by insisting on having large superstores that consolidated hundreds of product lines together, while also ignoring the local union laws regarding hourly work schedules (Christopherson, 2007). The German government and most importantly, customers, rejected the store as they preferred to have a series of smaller retailers to purchase from. When news of the hourly schedule conflicts with the German unions became widespread news throughout the country, WalMart was forced to sell the companies it had acquired as part of