The Détente During The Cold War

During Nixon's administration in 1972 relationships with china was improved. This was effective in not only a friendship with china but it also concerned the Soviet Union. If the Soviet Union and china no longer had ties with allies, the Soviet Union would be less active in their organization. This action leads to President Nixon's Détente Which meant "relaxing" or in the situation the easing of Cold War tensions. Détente also

In November, 1969, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) begun. This was because of the economic impact brought by the nuclear testing and production. In May, 1972 the SALT I Treaty was signed. SALT I limited the size of the nuclear arsenals though SALT I did not limit the amount of nuclear warheads that could be placed on one missile. These were the Interim Agreement on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms and the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty) the ABM treaty limited country’s to two Anti-Ballistic Missile sites, while the Interim Agreement halted each country's number of submarine-launched ballistic missiles and intercontinental ballistic missiles. This treaty lowered significantly the cost brought by the production of nuclear arms and also lowered the risk of nuclear war. A new technology, known as multiple-independently targetable re-entry vehicle allowed single missiles to launch multiple nuclear missiles at deferent targets while in mid-air. In the next 10 years, the Soviet Union and United States added 12,000 more nuclear warheads to their already built

In 1972, the Strategic Arms Limitation talks occurred where both Nixon and Russian, General Brezhnev made appearances. This talk was an effort to reduce tensions in the Cold War and extend further arm control. Later, Alexei Kosygin, a Soviet Premier, met at Glassaboro State College in New Jersey with Johnson in order to gain “control of the ABM race” (U.S. Department of State) The United States eventually learned that the Soviet Union began an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile buildup, allowing this powerhouse to strike and prevent incoming missiles from the other side. As a result, on November 17, 1969, SALT talks commenced in Helsinki, Finland where they argued rather the nation should continue plans of ABMs. Richard Nixon and Soviet General, Leonid Brezhnev signed the ABM treaty, thus leading to the SALT agreement on May 26, 1972. This treaty established that both sides would limit nuclear missiles in their arsenals, which was an important achievement for Nixon’s plan of détente. Nixon’s success continued as he reestablished relations with the Middle East, therefore obliterated Soviet power in the area during the Cold War. These treaties helped Nixon form better relations around the World, specifically communist countries like present day

In conclusion, President Nixon and Soviet leader Brezhnev developed detente from 1969 to 1979 because of the overwhelming fear of a possibility of a nuclear war. The cost of the arms race had taken an immense toll on the economic stability of both the United States and the Soviet Union, causes both leaders to adopt a more pragmatic view of the Cold War. The European countries involved in the Cold War were also taking steps to relax tensions between the countries divided by the iron curtain. This caused both nations to develop this period of detente and establish treaties through the Arms Limitations

Détente is a fascinating policy in and of itself. In order to draw the two challenging superpowers closer to America, Nixon decided that he would have to play off the mutual fears of the other. In other words, he told both China and Russia the same things and just substituted in the opposite country’s name. In the end, a shaky peace was established between the heretofore-irreconcilable ideologies of Communism and Capitalism. Through it came a flood of treaties and agreements which paved the way towards

After World War II, the United Nation was established; however, there were many different perspectives among its permanent members: China, Russian, US, Britain, and France. Each country had different ways to maintain their influences over the world. During the cold war, many countries were established by using the violence to gain the power. During the Vietnam War, the Vietcong organization under support of Soviets Union and North Vietnam continued use terror as the tool to attack South Vietnam government and fear the people lived within. To gain more power and more influences to other half of the world, Soviet Union and its allies such as Syria, Libya secretly supported the terror group and used them as a political tool to break down the Western countries. The terror groups such as PFLP and the PLO usually targeted to citizen of Israel, and US allies. The attack during the Olympic 1972 became most effective for terrorists when Israel had to free fifty prisoners to exchange hostages. Although the ending of tension and completion between the Soviet Union and the United States led to the termination of the Soviet Union, and many of the terrorist of groups based in the United States and Western Europe began wither after Communism fell, terrorism did still survive. In order to maintain and stay alive, terrorism needs to have a sponsor. The state sponsors of terrorism are between Iran, Syria, and their sponsorship group Hezbollah. The states and organizations of the United

Under the presidency of Richard Nixon, the policy of détente, or the “lessoning of tensions,” between the two super powers took several leaps forward. In May 1972, the President attended a summit conference in Moscow that produced a flurry of agreements on reducing missile proliferation as well as agreements on environmental cooperation, exchanges in science, technology, education and culture, and more.

The Cold War is unique among war’s to be not a war between states, but a war between ideologies. The United States and other allies defend social democracy capitalism, as the pinnacle of freedom and equality; and the Soviet Union though communism was the pinnacle of equality. These ideologies manifested themselves through the superpowers, which caused the conflict between them. Both the United States, and the Soviet Union are to blame for the outbreak of the Cold War. The United State’s mission to contain communism with the Marshall Plan, personal remarks against Stalin, the creation of NATO, and the use of the atomic bomb in Japan without warning the Soviet’s, their ally in the war. On the other side, Stalin’s remarks on Churchill and Truman, the Berlin blockade, and the breaking of agreements in Poland, escalated the situation from tense to a Cold War.

This Interim Agreement on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms had a five-year duration that would freeze the number of strategic ballistic missiles, such as the ICBM’s and the submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM’s), at the current level that was held in 1972. The ABM Treaty limited strategic missile defenses to 200 interceptors for each government and allowed each side to construct two missile defense sites, one to protect the national capital, the other to protect one ICBM field. A second round for SALT I negotiations began in late 1972. The only major flaw that SALT I had was that it lacked the from enlarging their forces through the deployment of Multiple Independently Targeted Re-Entry Vehicles (MIRVs) onto their ICBMs and SLBMs. Among other ways to appease the tensions even more the US government and the USSR agreed to a trade involving American wheat being shipped into the Soviet Union. These agreements led to a joint venture on space exploration named Apollo-Soyuz. This triangular policy that Nixon and Kissinger created worked well in their advantage allowing for a détente to be

The world experienced a war torn Europe in the wake of the 20th century that ended in technological advancements in warfare never seen before. Tanks were invented, along with machine guns, gas masks and submarines. The countries that possessed these gadgets "supposedly" assisted their chance of success against their enemy. Despite many people having access to them, the inventions would only exacerbate a war that would be deemed one of the bloodiest and costliest at the time. Subsequently, World War 2 came and incorporated the same unrestricted warfare which would easily cost the world trillions in todays money and around 65 million lives. The atomic bomb was no stranger to innovation and devastation. Little Boy and Fat Man, codename for the

Along the course of American history, this nation has seen many conflicts in its brief timeline. However, as the alliance between America and the USSR dissolved after the second World War, the relationship between both superpowers began to fluctuate as they competed to spread their varying ideologies. This unique time period became known as the Cold War, a conflict unique as it was not fought with normal methods of warfare. In fact, it was not fought with weapons at all. To fully understand this unconventional war, it is important to understand the background to the hostile relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union. It is also important to study its methods of warfare and the conflicts that arose. The Cold War began as a

After the end of World War II, there had been an emergence of two world superpowers the United States and the Soviet Union who would be drawn into a Cold War that was a silent battle that raged on from 1945 to 1991. Which had started when the Soviet Union’s leader, Joseph Stalin, had started the spread of communism throughout Europe and Asia. At the time the majority of the world was either democratic or independent while only a handful of countries were communist; however all were powerful countries such as the Soviet Union and China. Which meant communism can spread adamantly, and rampantly. It had first started in Eastern Europe such as in Greece, Turkey, and Poland. So to counteract these overtakes, the United Nations, especially the United States had responded vehemently against the rule, with the use of containment in the form of policies, treaties, and responsive actions. Throughout the Cold War, they had managed to contain communist hotspots, and strongholds, in Berlin, Korea, and Cuba.

While the Soviet Union sought to expand its scope of influence even at the cost of peace, the United States openly threatened the Soviet Union, and directly confronted it’s maritime supply ships in international waters. Although both countries came into direct confrontation, this situation lead to thawing of relations in the large term, the United States and Russia created direct communication lines to prevent future misunderstandings, the United States withdrew its nuclear weapons from Turkey, prior to the agreement by the United States to never again invade Cuba, the Soviets withdrew their nuclear weapons from the

In May 1972 president Nixon and Soviet General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev signed the ABM Treaty and interim SALT agreement. This was the first time that the US and the Soviet Union agreed to limit their number of nuclear missiles. However the first salt treaty did not limit the number of forces that each side had. On the 17th of June, 1979 President Carter and Brezhnev signed the SALT II Treaty. The SALT II treaty said that both nations must reduce the number of nuclear forces and put other restrictions on deployed strategic nuclear

At the November 1974 Vladivostok Summit, Ford and Brezhnev conceded to the fundamental system of a SALT II understanding. This incorporated a 2,400 utmost on key atomic conveyance vehicles for every side; a 1,320 breaking point on MIRV frameworks; a prohibition on new land-based ICBM launchers; and cutoff points on arrangement of new sorts of key hostile arms. Indeed, even after the Vladivostok understandings, the two countries couldn't resolve the two other exceptional issues from SALT I: the quantity of vital aircraft and the aggregate number of warheads in every country's ammunitions stockpile. The primary was muddled by the Soviet Backfire plane, which U.S. arbitrators accepted could achieve the United States however which the Soviets declined to incorporate in the SALT transactions. On June 17, 1979, Carter and Brezhnev marked the SALT II Treaty in Vienna. SALT II constrained the aggregate of both countries' atomic strengths to 2,250 conveyance vehicles and set an assortment of different limitations on sent vital atomic powers, including MIRVs.