The Defense Satellite Communications System

This lasted from July 1, 1957 - December 31, 1958. The IGY was an eighteen month geophysical observation period consisting of about thirty thousand scientists and technicians from about seventy different countries. Scientists occupied about twenty-five hundred different stations worldwide, which cost about $500 million. The IGY tried to simultaneously observe the eleven fields of earth, near-earth, and solar earth: aurora and airglow, cosmic rays, geomagnetism, glaciology, gravity, ionospheric physics, latitude and longitude determination, meteorology, oceanography, seismology, and solar activity. The IGY oversaw the launching of the first artificial earth satellites, starting the age of space exploration. Many people were skeptical about the Soviet Union’s technical ability, but under Korolyov’s leadership, the Soviet Union not only created the intercontinental ballistic missile, but Sputnik 1 and 2 in 1957 (Burstyn 388). Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957, at Gagarin’s Spot. After the Soviet Union’s success with Sputnik 1, President Eisenhower pressed to have the United States’ satellite, Vanguard, finished as quickly as possible. On December 6, the Vanguard rocket rose only slightly off the launch pad before exploding and landing on a beach in Florida. More discoveries and inventions were made throughout 1958 as well, including the discovery of the Van Allen

Satellite TV was technically made in the space race because they needed satellites in order to communicate to the astronauts that are in space. Then they used it for getting television channels across the whole entire world. 1960’s NASA

On October 4, 1957 the Soviet Union shocked the people of the United States by successfully launching the first Earth orbiting satellite, Sputnik. America's first satellite

On October 4th, 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first ever satellite, Sputnik. The launch of Sputnik sent the United States into a frenzy, beginning the Space Race, and the innovation of technology as a whole. The Space Race most importantly had a major impact on the evolution of the United States’s defense technologies through the launch of Sputnik. The Space Race sparked the United States battle for technological superiority against the USSR, and lead to improvizations in their satellite and satellite defense technologies.

This example focuses on the use of satellite networking, to broadcast the signal from the satellite, to the ground station. This type of technology involves the use of Zigbee at small distances, and WiMax for greater distances.

The first unmanned satellite called “Sputnik 1” launched and sent to the space by Soviet Union in 1957.

During the Space Race, the first orbital satellites were sent to outer space. Today, Americans can communicate, predict the weather, and study geodetics because of the satellites that first orbited in space.All satellites and space probes carry specialized radios receiving and transmitting equipment for guidance and control purposes as well as relaying data from space to Earth. Without the first satellite transmission of a human voice in 1958, communication would not be as efficient (Rabinowitch, 1963).

An example of this is the satellite television which was introduced in 1962 with the launch of the Telstar satellite. With this, television signals were able to travel through space to televisions around the world. Another invention that was introduced during this time was the weather satellite. “Kennedy also requested funding to accelerate the use of communication satellites to expand worldwide communications and the use of satellites for worldwide weather observation. Both of these initiatives quickly evolved into major areas of space technology that now serve the global community” (Angelo 29).

The next American thing to go up into space was the Explorer 1, a satellite used to measure the radiation in Earth's orbit. The Explorer 1 was formally known as Satellite 1958 Alpha. The program at the California Institute of Technology that was to make the Explorer 1 had taken only three months to build the satellite. The Explorer 1 was launched in January 31, 1958 from Cape Canaveral and was America's first satellite. It was sent up into space with the use of a Jupiter-C vehicle, which is "a special modification of the Redstone ballistic missile" (Explorer-I and Jupiter-C). The Jupiter-C vehicle was, under the management of Dr. Wernher Von Braun, a German scientist. Dr. Wernher Von Braun was part of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency, also known as ABMA. Once the satellite was up in orbit, it started its tests on how much radiation was in Earth's orbit. The scientist who was in charge of this experiment was Dr. James Van Allen. The Explorer had found that the level radiation was very low which went against Dr. Van Allen's prediction. Dr. Van Allen then made another prediction that the equipment that was used on the satellite was corrupted by a powerful belt of radiation. A couple months later when the second satellite went up

Congratulations on the purchase of your new American Motors vehicle equipped with Star Bright Satellite Radio. We know you will enjoy it for many years.

Satellite communication is undoubtedly ingrained into many facets of our global society. It provides an ability to relay voice communications of family members across the globe or transmit data from field locations to headquarters located across oceans. It has fundamentally changed how we communicate and share data with each other over long distances.

The first artificial satellite was Sputnik 1. Sputnik 1 blasted off from Site 1 in Tyuratam (Baikonur) at 22:28 Moscow Time. This happened on October 4, 1957. The main stage R-7 rocket when made into orbit orbited 822 times. That part re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on December 2, 1957. The satellite made 1,440 total orbits and then burned upon the re-entry into the Earth atmosphere on January 4, 1958. It was in space for 92 days and in flight there were only slight engine

The next generation of satellites would start to bring the military and intelligence community the high quality imagery it desired. This series was codenamed GAMBIT. The first, KH-7 was essentially the same as CORONA, but with a better a camera. It featured the same single capsule ejection/recovery system. The great leap forward was when an improved version of this camera was paired with a new satellite design. The KH-8 featured two or three return capsules, solar panels, and more fuel. This allowed these

As stated before, current LRIT system is not projected to do this very important service for collision avoidance of ships. It is important to express that LEO Globalstar and Orbcomm satellite systems are providing both simplex and duplex (two-way) satellite transmission. Duplex satellite system is

Space can be unsafe. In profound space we would kick the bucket immediately unless ensured. Our