The Demand And Production Of Atlantic Salmon Essay

One of the most commonly shared beliefs about aquaculture is that it has potential to amplify and transfer disease/parasites to wild fish populations, but strict management practices and guidelines have been utilized and supplemented to ensure that US farming operations mitigate current and potential environmental risks associated with aquaculture (NOAA, 2015). Among these practices are regular diver-led inspections to investigate the integrity of nets and net infrastructure, surveillance cameras and even public webcam feeds that monitor the fish farms and in particular monitor efficient use of feed, regular health inspections in efforts to have a head start on disease prevention and detection, and “comprehensive sanitary and biosecurity programs to prevent the introduction and/or spread of pests or diseases from one farm site/cage to another or into the environment.” (NOAA, 2015). Additionally, movements are being made to stop the spreading of disease and to limit oceanic pollution by containing salmon in solid tanks rather than in netting. “In Washington State, Domsea Farms has launched a land-based, freshwater system to produce coho salmon.” (David Suzuki Foundation, n.d.) This method is not only environmentally sound, but it opens up aquacultural boundaries. By containing fish in these large tanks, there is potential for salmon aquaculture to

The United States and Canada formed the Pacific Salmon Commission (PSC) and in 2012 the United States, contributed $ 95,000.00 to this endeavor. While it does not specify the percentage of the U.S. budget the U.S. is involved in quite a few other aquic areas. Another, Salmon related budgeting set aside is with the North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Commission (NASCC). The percentage is 5% to the toon of $45859.00 laid out in 2012. Both cases of these commissions are to conserve the production of the species. While, the PSC pact between the U.S. and Canada insures an equal opportunity for both countries investments in the harvesting, the NASCC consist on a broader rage with multiple countries. The PSC does not itself regulate the salmon fisheries they do give advisement and recommendations to both

The Atlantic and Pacific Coasts fish stocks overall show little improvement, despite the management strategies that have been implemented to try to increase fish population. This is primarily due to overexploitation

One of the ways in which humans can mitigate some of the threats to Salmon populations is by restoring and protecting riparian zones, wetland areas next to freshwater. Preserved and densely forested riparian areas act as a buffer, filtering out pollutants and preventing sediment from entering the areas. The area also acts as a protector from the sun, keeping the water cold for the salmon, this is especially important as increase in temperature has changed the pathogen community. Another way to mitigate threats to wild salmon is by removing open net fish farms near wild salmon migratory routes. Open net fish farms allow for viruses, pesticides and other pollutants to move into the surrounding marine environment, which has in turn affected the wild salmon populations. Removing open net fish farms is perhaps the easiest mitigation

In the California Central Valley, fall‐run juvenile Chinook salmon rear typically from January to June. However, in some years, the rearing period may be reduced due to high water temperatures in April. Growth and survival rates of juvenile Chinook salmon are affected by water temperature and cover (e.g., substrate pore spaces, gravel interstices, boulders, snags, over‐hanging vegetation, root wads, under‐cut banks, and macrophytes). Cover is important for protection from predation, flow displacement, water temperature stress, and the fish caloric intake optimization. Human-induced sources of stress to the riverine ecosystems include: “(1) overfishing (i.e., extracting larger quantities of fish than the system can sustain naturally); (2) nutrient

There are so many options for an environmentally conscious consumer these days looking to buy groceries, with the multitude of different eco-labels popping up each time you visit the grocery store, it’s becoming more difficult to know which products are the right ones to buy. “Salmon Safe” products line our shelves from wine bottles to produce and are status’ given to places like the Nike campus and golf courses. Is this just another label to get us environmental minded consumers to buy their products or is Salmon Safe actually effectively helping to restore the Pacific Northwest (PNW) salmonid species? Salmon safe certification works across the entire region of the PNW but

Salmon are a fish species of major commercial aquaculture relevance; therefore disease prevention in these farming scenarios is of substantial economic and environmental concern [4, 5]. One disease of relevance to farmed salmon species is the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), a.k.a. Chinook salmon disease. It is a rhabdovirus whose genome encodes a glycoprotein, which presents as a viral antigen [6, 7], and is a pathogen that causes deadly disease in many salmonid species of fish. Since its discovery in the 1950s, IHNV has spread throughout North America, as well as to Asian and European countries. It causes necrosis and hemorrhage within infected fish, commonly in the kidney and spleen, and induces high mortality in young fry

Examples of forage fish include sardines, anchovies and herrings. Scientists have shown that catching forage fish instead of cod is a more sustainable approach. According to research from the University of British Columbia Fisheries Center, the forage fish population has more than doubled in the past century (Christensen, 2014). A main cause for the population growth is that human beings are overfishing forage fish’s predators like cod and tuna. When overfishing of cod occurs, herring population increases naturally due to the reduced effect of trophic cascade. Herrings are very abundant in the Gulf of Maine and they are not overfished. Furthermore, fishing herring and cod both use mid-water trawling (NOAA, 2015), so fishermen can easily adapt to fishing herring instead of cod, and the bycatch of other species can be significantly reduced with modified fishing gears (Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch, 2015). However, even though herrings are very abundant, we should only fish them sustainably. Strict regulations based on scientific research need to be implemented in order to avoid overfishing herring, which can be harmful to the recovery of the cod

In recent years Pacific salmon have felt the true burdens of the aquaculture productions of farmed salmon in the natural rivers that have hosted these salmon for centuries. Salmon farming has been on the rise since the early 1990s and over these twenty-five years, it has put an immense amount of pressure on the wild salmon population and their ability to spawn. These negative impacts can be directly link to numerous problems with farmed salmon, which includes the pollution and contamination they produce to nearby water sources. Next, is the dilemma that farmed Salmon have is the negative affect they have on migrating wild Salmon. Their interaction can causes diseases to spread to wild pacific salmon while they swim close to the farms during their seasonal runs. Another major concern with disturbance is the interbreeding between farmed salmon and wild salmon. The final problem, is the health risks that are associated with consuming higher concentrations of possible toxic and carcinogenic contaminant often found in farmed salmon meat. The act of raising salmon in a aquaculture environment can be detrimental to the ecosystem and humans of BC, because of the pollution, contamination, disturbance farmed salmon have on wild salmon and more importantly, the health risks aquaculture has on humans.

Fish, one of our most important sources of high-quality protein, provides some 16% of the animal protein consumed by the world’s population, (Food & Agriculture Organization, FAO, of the United Nations, 1997). Our responses towards a growing demand for fish led to a boom in the salmon farming industry (Naylor, et al., 1998). Unfortunately, the consequences of salmon farming outweigh the value that comes with it. Even though salmon farming is steadily becoming more sustainable, salmon farming is not a suitable and environmentally sound way of producing food due to the negative issues salmon farming has caused in the environment, the salmon population, and the health of humans.

Of the 10 most frequently consumed fish in the United States, salmon has the highest levels of omega-3 fatty acids, which are thought to reduce coronary heart disease. For American adults who currently eat no fish, consumption of just one serving of salmon per week can reduce risk of coronary death by 36%. Omega-3s are also essential for fetal brain development. Thus, if GM salmon expands the aggregate salmon market, more consumers will eat more

I can certainly understand the struggles that you have. I have to take of a resident who has lactose allergy and we have to make sure that she does not received dairy products. Our aquaculture industry has been farming fish in lieu of its wild counterpart for people’s consumption. We can buy farmed tilapia or haddock in one’s local grocery store. Salmon, especially coming from Washington and Alaska, are labeled wild to distinguished from the farmed counterparts (Grossman, 2016). The wild salmons have to migrate inland in order to spawn for the new generations. However, due to man-made dams and drought causing some rivers to disappear, some salmons could not find their birthplace anymore. The AquaBounty AquAdvantge salmon is the

The characteristics of aquaculture industry in Australia is moderate market share concentration, illustrates by the enormous number of firm also involve in this area. However, majority of those are family-owned firm or small scale. The figures show that 60% participant is owner-operator and more than 35% of business can earn less 50,000 annually (IBISWorld Australia, 2017). Among them, Huon Aquaculture Group and Pearl Corporation of Australia can be considered as major competitors for Tassal. Recently, Huon - the second-largest company in salmon industry – has deployed fish farming offshore which, according to them, will enhance the quality of salmon due to the combination of faster water current and greater level of oxygen (Huon Aquaculture Group, 2016).

Many breeds of fish are being captured at a faster rate than they can reproduce. Some species such as orange roughy fishing became popular in New Zealand in the 1970’s. Over time, it spread to many countries around the world. In the last 20 years, there has been a decline in catch up to 75%. It is no longer common to see in grocery stores as well as restaurants. The amounts of fish that are captured and distributed around the world are alarming opposed to the rate the fish can multiply.

Over the years as the population has grown the demand for food supply from the ocean has grown beyond the natural capacity of production. In attempt to produce more food as well as protect species from extinction caused by over fishing, the use of aquaculture began to multiply. Aquaculture seems like a reasonable solution to this problem as farms can produce mass amounts of food much faster than possible in the natural ocean ecosystem. However, there are problems with aquaculture, one major problem being disease and parasites that are being transferred within fish farms as well as into the wild fish population.