1. The depositional environments of the six facies displayed in Figure 1 are as follows:
• Fore reef (dark blue)-The mudstones indicate a low energy environment and small amounts of skeletal fragments creating a wackestone, suggesting an infrequent presence of organisms. The conglomerates have formed due to gravity driven flows.
• Reef crest (orange) - Indicated by the presence of red algae and Schleractinian corals e.g. .Acropora (Oppen, at el, 2000), which suggests a low energy crest.
• Lagoon (light blue) - Ooids can precipitate in depths up to 15m (but usually within the top 5m) indicating a shallow water environment. Green algae and foraminifera represent a lagoon floor environment whilst the skeletal grainstones are more
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2. The facies distribution in both layers indicate that this platform has a rimmed shelf geometry, most likely an accretionary rimmed shelf, however there is not enough distal data to determine how steep the fore reef slope is, see Figure 9 (Read, 1985). This platform follows a distal to proximal trend moving from East to West. Within layer A, the facies in well A are fore reef and reef crest. Moving westwards, the abundance of the fore reef decreases as water depth decreases, allowing the reef and lagoonal facies to become more abundant. The lagoonal facies in well B will have a higher concentration of skeletal grainstones than green algae as it will be closer to the lagoon barrier than well C. Well C is dominated by lagoonal facies with a small amount of a lower intertidal zone facies, indicating a more proximal environment. Wells D, E and F are dominated by lower intertidal zones with small deviations into lagoonal and upper intertidal zone facies. The abundance of anhydrite and gypsum facies increases moving westwards as the platform becomes more proximal and may be moving into a supratidal facies.
Within layer B, the platform begins with a fore reef slope and reef crest for the first 4km, followed by facies exhibiting a steady decrease in energy moving westwards (oolitic grain stones to mudstones and wackestones). These layers differ as layer A has a larger reef crest and a lagoon which extends more distally. The larger reef could lead to the larger
The lower shore, or low tide zone, is mostly submerged underwater. The most noticeable difference of this sub-region is the large diversity of different types of seaweeds. Organisms found in this zone are generally less adapted to periods of dryness. The creatures are generally the largest and most complex organisms on the shore as there are more sources of food as marine vegetation flourishes.
12. In the Figure 5 profile, the coastline is within a few kilometers of the western end of the vertical cross section. From the coastline, water depth increases very gradually to about 40 m at 140 km from shore (western end of the profile). This segment of the vertical cross-section resembles the continental [(rise)(slope)(shelf)]
The black color comes from Mnganeese dioxide that has been dissolved in the water and participates out. This process has nothing to do with the primary process of disposition. However, it is very similar to how detriots react. Notice the orange tints to the beds towards the top of the outcrop are due to the oxidation of iron. It began dissolving iron into the rock formation that oxidizes as the air hits. Green coloring is also exposed due to the algae, and moss growing. This displays the terrestrial life forms due to the Mollase
Approximately 17 meters thick, Unit A defines the lowest third of the Juniata Formation. Fragments of marine fossils, including bryozoans, brachiopods, and gastropods, are commonly found in the bottom-most portion of this unit of structureless mudstone and quartz arenite. Quartz grains in the sandstone beds of Unit A are typically immature and fine-grained, though the sandstone packages tend to coarsen upwards. Though typically structureless, intermittent bedding of the sandstone and shale packages is observed in this unit, and some areas display
(Davies et al., 1992). The eastern arm which is the largest arm is fed by two (merrion and Stackpole) which drain the sandstone ridge, while the western, central arms and the central lake are fed predominantly by groundwater which flows from the limestone aquifer. And about two third of the catchments is use for gazing while the other is use for arable farming. (Holman and Vale., 2009). And the lakes can be level lowered through evapotranspiration and groundwater which discharge to the sea.
Coral reefs exist all over the world and are generally known as being one of the most diverse, intricate and beautiful of all existing marine habitats. They have many varying structures which are developed by algae and are symbiotic with various reef building corals which are referred to as, zooxanthellae (algae). There are many other factors such as, coralline algae, sponges and other various organisms that are combined with a number of cementation processes which also contribute to reef growth, (CORAL REEFS, 2015).
Another rifting phase started in the early Jurassic around Pliensbachian or Toarcian (Chongzhi et al., 2013; Geoscience, 2014; Tindale, Newell, Keall, & Smith, 1998). Exmouth, Barrow, Dampier and Beagle Sub-basins were created until Middle Jurassic (He, 2002; Tortopoglu, 2015) and oceanic crust was laid down to form the Argo Abyssal Plain in Late Jurassic around 164-160 Ma during the Callovian to Oxfordian then followed by the Gascoyne and Cuvier Abyssal Plain in Early Cretaceous around 125 Ma (Fullerton, Sager, & Handschumacher, 1989; Müller, Mihut, & Baldwin, 1998). Passive margin was established in North West Shelf. Rifting phase of the basin transformed into sagging phase post breakup thermal subsidence when Gondwana breakup took place during Valanginian early Cretaceous around 134Ma. During the Campanian late Cretaceous, rifting along the Australian southern margin triggered the basin inversions and wrench reactivation of basin structures on NW Shelf. These movements arose the Barrow Island above sea level and formed Novara, Resolution and Exmouth Plateau Arch in Barrow, Dampier Sub-Basins and Investigator Sub-Basin (Figure 1) (Longley et al., 2002; Sinhabaedya,
Permin Land Formation: It is dominated by medium-to fine-grained well-sorted and rounded sandstone (Higgins et al, 1991). There are also dolomite and siltstone interbed and features like wave-ripple lamination, flat and low-angle lamination as well as shallow trough & tabular crossbedding are also present indicating a shallow marine depositional environment. The thickness of Permin Land Formation is up to 50m (Higgins et al, 1991).
As many Americans know, the status of non-white Americans can be a gray area. Police brutality puts a spotlight on this gray area, with the #BlackLivesMatter movement and the use of media to promote differing perspectives. “Negrotown” takes the perspective against police brutality to another level by introducing a utopian-like community with only Black people. The viewer follows the main character around a fantasy environment before he realizes he’s still arrested in the real world. The comedic short film “Negrotown” by Key & Peele uses satire, specifically situational irony to highlight the discriminatory treatment of African-Americans in the criminal justice system.
In the story “The Most Dangerous Game” by, Richard Connell, there is a magnificent story about the literary conflict of man vs. man, man vs nature, and man vs himself. Rainsford’s life is like a ticking timer that might just explode any second now. Rainsford goes through a lot to stay alive, yet he wanted Zaroff to know how it feels to get hunted and killed, so he risks his life to win.
One of the organisms I have chosen, the Red Waratah anemone (Actinia tenebrosa) was found in the mid tide zone and the low tide zone. This anemone is the main prey of the predator Grey side-gilled sea slug, which is the other organism I have chosen,
The Capitan reef, an ancient partly-exposed evaporated reef, is located around the park and the caverns. The reef can be studied and looked at from underground, in the caves. This allows geologists and scientists to look at the reef’s history and discover fossilised marine life.
Extraction is a valuable technique to use when withdrawing a desired substance from a mixture of chemical substances. As a rule, the top layer is less dense than the bottom layer. In this experiment, impurities such as chlorophyll, cellulose, and flavornoids are in the top aqueous layer and caffeine is the bottom organic layer. Chlorophylls, flavornoids, and their oxidation products, are what gives tea solutions their brown pigmentation. However, only chlorophylls are soluble in the dichloromethane and give caffeine a green color. Cellulose is an almost insoluble polymer of glucose. Caffeine is a known water-soluble compound, however, caffeine is more soluble in dichloromethane. According to Chemicalbook, caffeine’s solubility
The combination of these environmental factors has led to some of the most beautiful colors that can only be found in the many corals that live here. Additionally sediments, twice as old as the reef, indicate that the region was once above sea level (Lunar).
The coral reef surveyors were instructed to find the best sites that they believed had the most living coral and were thought to be least affected by human activities. This would allow Hodgson to determine if human activities were having an appreciable effect on the supposed pristine coral reefs, which were distant from urban centers. The invertebrate survey was undertaken at two depth intervals of 3m and 10m. Four 0.5 m wide by 20 m long belts were placed on the coral reef. Over a period of 3-5 minutes the observers counted the number of invertebrates found on the belts. The coral survey was performed, by placing four 20 m long belts on the coral substrate. At 0.5 m intervals the substrate on which the belts were lying was examined and recorded.