The Design Of Our Study

For my paper I will be discussing in depth the responses to the questions posed at the end of the study as follows. What kinds of problems are inherent in Jolene’s research project? How would these problems affect the research results? How would you solve these problems? What should Stefanie do? What would the consequences of these actions be for Jolene? For Dr. Lee? For Stefanie

James Fowler developed his stages of faith after conduction in-depth interviews of 359 people. The sample subjects were predominately white, with equal numbers of males and females and included a wide range of ages, from three and a half to 84 years old. Fowler’s interviews consisted of 30 plus questions regarding the subject’s life experiences, relationships, values, commitments and religion. After analyzing the responses, Fowler placed each subject in one of six faith stages. The responses indicated that as the subject’s age increased, so did their stage of faith (Hutchison, 2015).

Evidence has linked a strong relationship between spirituality and medicine. There is a positive correlation between a patient’s spirituality or religious commitment and health outcomes. A spiritual assessment as a part of a health assessment is a practical step to incorporating patient’s spiritual needs into practice. The FICA Tool and HOPE Questions provide serve to assist clinicians in the spiritual assessment process. By examining the research done using these tools, it has been determined that the FICA Tool is easy to use and provides basic data on a patient’s spirituality. The FICA tool is both reliable and valid. The HOPE Questions are

“Anxiety is the signal of danger which mobilizes the human organism’s resources at all levels of functioning in the interests of conservation, defense, and self- preservation.” (Anxiety 1) If a person suffers from anxiety there is a major loss of control and then an attempt to regain that control because of a fear that they have. Anxiety disorders are one of the most frequently occurring mental disorders in the United States. However, anxiety disorders are not only found in the United States. They are found throughout the world. They just happen to be most predominating in the United States. In this paper, I will be discussing the generalized anxiety disorder and how if effects society today.

A spiritual and psychological inventory can be useful in helping someone to determine their current state of wellness. Kathleen Dowling Singh (2000) talks about how a spiritual assessment is helpful when people are close to dying as they begin to honestly and urgently examine their lives. Singh (2000) also suggests that regardless of how much time we have left to live, answering the questions in a spiritual inventory will help provide direction to our lives. The following questions were developed for this purpose and were used for an interview, the responses from the interview follows in Appendix A.

4. Hodge, D. (2001). Spiritual assessment: a review of major qualitative methods and a new framework for assessing spirituality. Social Work , 203-214

As an example, individuals suffering from an anxiety disorder may start using a substance (eg. alcohol or drugs) in an effort to decrease their distress. These substances produce positive, rewarding short-term effects to the individual (Stewart & Conrod, 2008). However, this has negative long-term effects and can result in alcohol dependence. Hall and colleagues (2009) found that people with comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and substance use disorder had higher rates of alcohol and drug use in order to relieve symptoms of their anxiety, compared to those with only generalized anxiety disorder. In further support of this pathway, research has shown that 75% of the time an anxiety disorder is present in an individual before a substance use disorder develops (Smith & Book, 2008). However, Kushner, Krueger, Frye, and Peterson (2008) note that this does not demonstrate the anxiety disorder caused the comorbid substance use disorder in these 75% of cases, nor that the substance use disorder caused the anxiety disorder in the remaining 25%; it is merely a

Eighteen options were offered as choices for this question, excluding the categories of atheist and agnostic. The responses to each category have not been captured in the survey results, owing to certain privacy concerns. However, the percentage of none as a choice was calculated from the annual survey results. Moreover, the sample for this question excluded the Californians after 1997.

With many freshmen going away to college is their first time away from home. This experience gives them a chance to try new things and learn something about themselves. Holding onto ones faith can be challenging at this new time and place. Bringing religion into regular campus life could help give an outlet to students other than parties and delinquent behaviors. This study tries to identify evidence of religion growing on campus along with a potential outcome.

The instrument consists of 67 true or false questions. Several scales are evaluated with these question, including the Symptoms scale (SYM), this scale measures the consequences of substance use; the Obvious Attributes scale (OAT), this scale measure the obvious symptoms of dependency; the Subtle Attributes scale (SAT), a measurement of substance use with non-substance-related content; the Defensiveness scale (DEF) which gauges denial; the Supplemental Addiction Measure scale (SAM), which measures general defensiveness from defensiveness related to substance use; the

The authors claimed that there was no correlation between alcohol abuse and anxiety disorder, however they argue that many other studies support this idea and that they sample of individuals addicted to alcohol is small. Such generalization makes the reader of the study question the researcher’s validity.

The first question is who did the research? UCLA’s Higher Education Research Institute conducted the study with a six-year grant from the John Templeto Foundation. Second, why did they do the research? They conducted the research because they wanted to find out if students were becoming more spiritual as they became older. Third, when did they do the research? They conducted the research in February of 2008. Fourth, how did they do the research? They performed a longitudinal study to assess the spirituality of college students during their undergraduate years. The fifth question is how did they analyze, interpret and present the results? Was there any bias? After asking 14,527 students, they presented their data in a bar charts contrasting freshman to juniors. When looking at the data, they concluded that juniors were more spiritual than they were as freshman. This study does include some bias as they asked about their political, abortion and same sex marriage views. Answering questions like these can mess with the data because the person is prejudice in favor of or against one thing, usually in a way considered to be

Anxiety disorders are more frequently diagnosed during adolescence and childhood years. Studies looking into childhood disorders have displayed an outstanding level of comorbidity among other types of disorders including depression and alcohol addictions. Very little knowledge is known about the study of anxiety disorders from childhood to adolescence and throughout life. Childhood anxiety disorders have received little to no attention, until 2004 when longitudinal studies explored the symptoms of anxiety rather than the diagnoses itself. The goal of this research is to explore the long-lasting effects of anxiety throughout life, other than just childhood and adolescence years.

The items of the BAI were drawn from three earlier self-report instruments that measured various aspects of anxiety. The BAI was developed with adult psychiatric outpatients and the manual recommends using caution with other clinical populations.

Using earlier published prevalence data from study done in Saudi Arabia in jedda by Bahijri .S.M and et al found prevalence of pre-diabetes is 10.2 % among adult and will use the confidence level 95% with chance error 5% ,and by formula the size of sample is 138 participants.