The Development Of College And University Education

In 1897, there was an average of 256 students in a private institution and 415 students in a public institution (Goldin et. al. 45). In comparison, the average amount of students in 1924 in a private institution increased to 755 students per institution and 2165 students per public institution (Goldin et. al. 45). Both private and public institutions benefited from the increase of higher education students. Public institutions in 1924 had five times the amount of students they had in 1897. Ten years later, private institutions had an average of 859 students, and public institutions had an average of 2790 students (Goldin et. al. 45). This shows that the dramatic increase that occurred from 1897 to 1924 continued in the following

The President’s Commission on Higher Education was formed with the basis of exploring the purpose and the need for Higher Education and the role it played in society. During 1947 there were many issues affecting not just Higher Education but the nation as a whole. Foreign policy was in disarray, the threat of a Cold War with the Soviet Union and issues such as the post effects of World War II and Civil Rights had a huge impact on the home front. According to Wolfe (1994), there was a growing need of Americans that wanted to be educated; however the country was not equipped with the tools that were necessary to provide these sources. The report highlighted several key areas that would be the catalyst for Community Colleges, Societal Issues, the Role of Community Colleges, and the future of American.

College: What is Was, Is and Should Be, by Andrew Delbanco takes both a historical and analytical approach to the evolution of higher education institutions in the United States. While thought provoking, some of his views balance on the verge of extremity. Many colleges provide students with the skills necessary for what is happening in society at that moment. This is exemplified in how the application process has changed from the earliest colleges to today. Also, when colleges were first introduced into society, students were recommended by members of society to attend a school, which is much different than the process today. Another aspect of what Delbanco discusses in his book is the disparity between a small liberal arts college and

“The two-year college has been a distinctively American creation, and nowhere else has it attained such prominence” (Brint & Karabel, 1989). Once commonly called

Higher education has a vast history; beginning in the early colonial period and spanning ten generations. With its wide range of history, aspects of higher education have changed as the ideals and reforms of society adjusted. Albeit, the missions and purposes of college have remained the same. In this paper, I will clarify the three main missions and purposes of higher education. Then, I will shift the focus of the paper to the area I would like to pursue in higher education and how it reflects those purposes.

Although it seems as if the founding of Harvard and other colleges during the Colonial Era were beneficial to the larger society, it seems as if these colleges contributed to higher education in the United States manifesting as a private good. Despite the number of opportunities Harvard and other colonial colleges had on American society, these institutions further divided the elite from the rest of society, since all students came from wealthy families. In fact, soon after the founding of Harvard and other colonial colleges, being educated was tantamount to being elite (Marine, 2017). Furthermore, acceptance into these institutions was limited to White men, who were required to have prior knowledge of both Latin and Greek (Bastedo et al, 2016).

Before one can move forward with their education one must understand where it all started. When researching the history of higher education there is a common theme in every aspect of my research. I would find the word “college” and the word “university”. Throughout the 19th century there would be some confusion between the two words. In colleges the primary role is teaching where as in the university research and scholarships are the primary role (Lucas,2006). Also, current universities offer post- baccalaureate or graduate instruction whereas colleges do not. However, this was not always the case before the 19th century.

College, a universal, fundamental concept that the globe utilizes. Through a wide array of variations, countries across the world have developed their own meaning of what higher education is. However, the underlying tone of it all is the same, furthering one’s knowledge. With a vast number of schools from a broad range of locations trying to pull the population in, colleges compete with different tactics ranging from education relevance to evaluation. Consequently, problems have arisen from these approaches, addressed along the lines in an article called “A New Course” by Magdalena Kay, an associate professor of English at the University of Victoria and an educational film, “Ivory Tower” by Andrew Rossi, a graduate of Harvard and Yale University and a filmmaker. Furthermore, these problems change the meaning of college itself, no longer seen as an education, but as a commodity.

During WWII, colleges and universities within the United States, like Hope College, were subject to many short and long term changes in curriculum, campus life, and enrollment. While it is likely that some of the long-term effects of the war may have happened anyway, there’s also a lot of changes that were directly caused by the war. It is the goal of this paper to not only discuss how Hope College changed during World War II, but to also show that World War II was the reason for these changes.

Between the 1900s and 1975 the United States experiences growth in many areas of higher education (HE). Various publications, people, acts and legislation influenced change in thought, access, policy, practice, and assessment of HE. From the Civil War Era to the Mass Education Era we witnessed the struggle of African Americans that influenced important legislation, the Progressive Movement and the birth of the Wisconsin Idea, the publication and revision of the Student Personnel Point of View, the President’s Commission on Higher Education, and the passing of the Higher Education Act. All of which contributed to the growth of HE during this time period.

a. Brought by European in the 1630s, the educational system in North America was established to provide religious needs and the laws in the American colonies such as Harvard College, which was founded in 1632. Furthermore, the diverse sponsorship and the variety of programs of study were differed depending social, religious, and political profiles of the colonies themselves. (Silver, 2016)

The article on ‘An overview of higher education in America’ reviews the financing, students and institutions of higher education. They provide a general picture that reflects the changes that have taken place in higher education and America and the public policies that predict its future. The

Since there are four guided questions to help address the main research question. There will also be some subtopics to help us better understand the reasoning toward the altered mission of community colleges. First, I will discuss about the first community college founded in American history of higher education and its mission, the influences on community college mission during the Depression era, and the intention of community college mission after the World War II era. Second, I will report what I have found about the impact on community college to alter their institution from a 2 years institution to a 4 years institution. Third, I will discuss what the organizational culture was like today compared to the twentieth century. Lastly, I will examine some of the societal factors that impact the altered mission of community colleges.

U.S. schools and colleges vary from numerous points of view. Some are open, others are independently employed individual; some are huge urban colleges, some are two-yr. group universities, others little rustic grounds. Some offer alumna and expert political stage, others point of convergence basically on undergrad instruction. Each of our more than 3, 000 schools and colleges has its particular and dissimilar mission. This aggregate differing qualities around organizations is one of the extraordinary strength of America's higher instruction framework, and has helped make it the best in the people. Protecting that assorted qualities is key on the off chance that we plan to serve the needs of our just social order.

Twenty-one million students are anticipated to attend some sort of higher education (Barrow et al.). And tuition costs are reaching all-time highs; about high as the salary an average American makes in a year (Kay 36). This is a drastic change in the higher education system in America. Colleges used to be mainly religious institutions hundreds of years ago and were based on moral training and proper conduct. Overall, making better people for society. In the present day, American colleges are helping aid students in getting jobs while building up the student’s values. Many have pondered over if the value of higher education that is taught is worth the price being paid. Some have said that the costs are too high for anyone besides the upper class, but people are still enrolling with increased rates each year. Higher education is worth the price because it provides lifelong benefits to the people who graduate with a degree. People who obtain a degree attain life skills that everyone should learn, get paid more money in their lifetime, and gain a quality education.