The Differences Between Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Cells

Cell theory define Cells as the basis of life in the universe, all living organisms are made of cell, and all cells created by other old cells. There are many types of cells that can be categorize. Prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell. These two types of cell have similarities and differences.

Prokaryotes are the primitive, simple cells of bacteria and their bacteria-like Archaea. Eukaryotes, which include the most advanced cells of animals, plants, fungi, protozoan, algae, and slime & water molds.

“Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, e.g. Bacteria” - (AQA 2008)

A cell is defined as the smallest and most basic 8nit of life-microscopic, self-contained units enclosed by a water repelling membrane. The human body is composed of approximately 100 trillion cells. We also learned that a genome is the complete set of genes of an organism, or also known as genetic information. We learn that a gene is a segment of DNA that codes for distinct genetic characteristics, such as having O-type blood or a dimpled chin. The cell theory plays a large part in chapter 3 because chapter 3 is all about cells. Cell theory, is one of the unifying principle of biology. This concept has two main parts: Every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all cells living today came from a pre-existing cell. The cell theory pretty much states that cells come from other cells, and that all individual cells are alive. It also states that all living and only living things are made of cells. We also learn about prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are any of one of the two major groups of living organisms. Only bacteria and archness are prokaryotes are prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are often known as “pre-nucleus” organisms. Prokaryotes are approximately ten times the size of eukaryotes, lack membrane bound organelle, and are the oldest fossils. Prokaryotes are approximately 3.5 billion years old. Eukaryotes are one of the two major groups of living organisms. They include animals, plants, fungi, and protists. These eukaryotes are known as “true-nucleus”. Eukaryotes are approximately ten times the size of prokaryotes, have membrane bound organelles, and are also the oldest fossils and are approximately 2.1 billion years

Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Cells are the smallest form of life of which all forms of life are composed of one or more cells. All cells come from pre-existing cells. Two different of cells exist: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. They are structurally and functionally different, but they share some properties.

One major difference (and one often used to distinguish the two) is the lack of a

Edouard Chatton (cities in Soyer- Gobillard, 2006) in 1925, was first to divide cells into either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells are typically larger and include protists, plants, fungi and animal cells. They are described as ‘a type of cell with membrane-enclosed organelles and membrane-enclosed nucleus’ (Cain et al, 2014, p171). A typically smaller prokaryotic cell ‘lacks a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles’; this term includes the domains of bacteria and Archaea (Cain et al, 2014, p171).

All living cells on this planet fall in one of two categories. They are either going to be a Prokaryote or Eukaryote organism. Prokaryote are simplest and most ancient type of cells. It was the only form of life on Earth for billions of years before eventually giving rise to Eukaryotic cells. This composition will distinguish the differences and similarities between these two major type of cells on Earth.

There are only two types of cell in the world, these are eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. They are both similar and different in many ways, for example prokaryotes are only a few micrometres in size whereas eukaryotes are between 5-100 micrometres and nearly 10,000 times the volume of that of a prokaryote. A chemical similarity between the two is that they both either contain or use proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids to store or create energy. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes are able to be divided into further subcategories, eukaryotes can be either animal or plant cells, and prokaryotes can be classified based on the composition of their cell wall, for example bacteria. In this essay I will also go on to talk about why prokaryotic cells still exist in the microscopic world even though eukaryotes are so much more advanced.

Cells are the basic unit of life of which all living organisms are built upon, they are the smallest living organizational unit and they all come from pre-existing cells which has been supported by several scientists in the formation of cell theory [Biological physics, 2013]. The structure of a cell is strongly correlated with its function and the way it acts in relation to other cells and biological processes such as diffusion. Cells are specialized for many different purposes and their structures reflect these functions. Every living organism can be classified into two different cell groups; eukaryote cells and prokaryote cells.

With the rapid advance of the science and technology，the exploration of organisms has been gradually deepened. In biology, an organism is any individual existence that shows the properties of life.( Miller, Kenneth. R, Levine, Joseph. S, 2010)[1] Every thing in the world is made by million of organism. All the organisms have functions such as reproduction, growth, development and maintenance, meaning an organism can live independently on this planet which is every living thing living in. Organisms can be classified into two groups which are the multicellular such as animals, plants, and fungi and unicellular microorganisms such as bacteria, and archaea. These are also known as prokaryote and eukaryote. A prokaryote is a unicellular organism

In the article “Prokaryote or eukaryote? A unique microorganism from the deep sea” (Yamaguchi et al, 2012) the discovery of a new, single celled organism is described, that shows prokaryotic and eukaryotic features, which could provide further evidence of the hypothesis, that eukaryotes descend from prokaryotes.

The terms ‘eukaryote’ and ‘prokaryote’ were introduced Edouard Chatton in 1925 (Chatton, 1925, cited in Sapp, 2005). Eukaryotes, according to the online Oxford Dictionaries is a cell in which DNA is arranged in chromosomes that are “contained within a distinct nucleus”. The name prokaryotes is also defined by the Oxford dictionary as an organism that does not contain a ‘distinct nucleus with a membrane’. These two terms highlighted a very important difference between the two cells; eukaryotic cells had a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane but the prokaryotes did not. The following essay seeks to compare and contrast typical prokaryotic cells to typical eukaryotic cells.

The cell is the smallest basic structural, functional and biological unit of life. As we know variety of different types of cell, they all differ in their type on the basis of their structure and function thus

In general, cells in plain words can be described as the basic structural unit of all living organisms. These are very small particles which can be only observed under a microscope (Doerr, 2009). Moreover, the word cell is derived from a Latin word ‘cella’ which means a ‘small room’. The cell was first discovered in the year 1665 by Robert Hooke. However, the cell theory was developed many years later in 1839 in which Matthias Jakob and Theodor Schwann stated that all living organisms present consist of one or more cells (Nature, 2014). In addition, their theory also stated that all cells are generated from preexisting cells and various functions incur within the cell and the cells emerged on the Earth around 3.4 billion years ago.