The Differences Between Normative And Pathological Child Behavior

Disruptive Behavior Disorders. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) form a cluster of childhood disorders considered to be “disruptive behavior disorders” (American Psychiatric Association, 2004). Although most violent adolescents have more than one mental disorder and they may have internalizing disorders, for example depression or substance abuse, there appear to be increasingly higher rates of physical aggression found in these adolescents who experience disruptive behavior disorders than for those with other mental disorders. The fact that violent juvenile offenders are more likely to have these diagnoses is not surprising, because impulsive and/or aggressive behaviors are part of their diagnostic criteria. Additionally, there is relatively high co-morbidity with substance abuse disorders, which are also associated with juvenile violence (Moeller, 2001). Individuals with conduct disorder have the following features but this list is not inclusive for example they may have little empathy and little concern for the feelings, wishes, and wellbeing of others, respond with aggression, may be callous and lack appropriate feelings of guilt re remorse, self-esteem may be low despite a projected

According to Barkley (1997), oppositional defiant disorder is categorized as a pattern of aggressive defiance behavior that lasts for about six months. ODD ranges from moderate non-compliant behavior to total defiant behavior. Children diagnosed with ODD will meet both non-compliance and defiance criteria. A child who is diagnosed with defiance disorder will refuse to listen to a reasonable order and will act out

A rating scale was completed by a Parker Elementary school teacher, Mrs. Smith for 8 year old Andrea. The Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale (DBRS) consisted of 50 questions with responses with zero representing rarely/hardly ever, one representing occasionally, two representing frequently, and three representing most of the time. The scale utilized is used by clinical professionals for diagnostic purposes of four different areas for behavior concerns these include: distractible, oppositional, impulsive-hyperactivity, and antisocial conduct. The rating scale was completed on 1/31/1992.

The article starts with the vignette, describing a behavior of a boy, who rejects teacher’s invitation to listen to a story on a rug with his classmates. Obviously, the boy described is not the only one to resist the authority of a teacher, because student defiance is a commonplace. Authors distinguish widespread milder forms of SD and Oppositional defiant disorder,

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is one of a group of behavioral disorders in the disruptive behavior disorders category. Children who have these disorders tend to be disruptive with a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures. These children often rebel, are stubborn, argue with adults, and refuse to obey. They have angry outbursts, have a hard time controlling their temper, and display a constant pattern of aggressive behaviors. ODD is one of the more common mental health disorders found in children and adolescents (AACAP, 2009). It is also associated with an increased risk for other forms of psychopathology, including other disruptive behavior disorders as well as mood or anxiety problems (Martel,

Oppositional defiant disorder involves consistently negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior that is very disruptive with behavior.

There are two common type of disruptive behavior disorders that affects children lives in a negative fashion when not treated properly. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (2004) “Behaviors typical of disruptive behavior disorders can closely resemble ADHD particularly where impulsivity and hyperactivity are involved but ADHD, ODD, and CD are considered separate conditions that can occur independently. About one third of all children with ADHD have coexisting ODD, and up to one quarter have coexisting CD” .The two types of disruptive behavior disorders are oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Some symptoms of disruptive behavior disorder is breaking rules, defiant, argumentative, disobedient behaviors towards authority

Oppositional Defiant Disorder or ODD is a very common disorder. According to the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry ODD is the “top leading causes of referrals to the youth mental health services” (The American Journal of Psychiatry, 1993). Although this disorder is very common it often goes untreated due to factors that will be later covered. When a person has ODD they are often very irritable, argumentative, and defiant. While ODD could seem like it is just a phase that a person is going through it can be more serious than that. ODD can lead to many problems in a person’s life, for example being able to have a healthy relationship with family members, keeping a job, or even graduating from school. ODD does not just effect the

Jayden King Jr. is a seven-year-old boy who was diagnosed as emotionally disturbed in 2014. Jayden requires a 1:1 crisis paraprofessional because he exhibits an inappropriate and disruptive behavior on a daily basis. Based on the Antecedent-Behavioral-Consequence Chart, there were several noted incidences where Jayden has had tantrums, was non-compliant, wandering and physically abusive. When redirected, Jayden will make loud vocalizations, kicking, screaming and throwing himself on the floor. The behavior that will be targeted for remediation is his defiant behavior. Defiance is defined as the refusal to obey and follow a directive of someone of authority or opposing force. The apparent triggers that affect Jayden’s

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is one of the most prevailing and expensive mental health problems for children and teen agers. Approximately 5% to 10% of 8 to 16 year-olds present with ODD behavior problems ( Erford,et al. 2013). Oppositional Defiant Disorder is part of the disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) group, given this name because those who are diagnosed disrupt people in their environment. According to the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry from 2013, physicians define ODD as “ a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior directed toward authority figures. Children and adolescents with ODD often rebel, are stubborn, argue with adults, and refuse to obey. They have angry outbursts and have a hard

Conduct disorder (CD) represents one of the most disruptive behavior disorders of childhood.(1) CD continuos to be the predominant juvenile disorder seen in mental health and community clinics, and is of great concern because of its high degree of impairment and poor diagnosis. (2) It is characterized by a persistent and repetitive pattern of aggression, non-complaint, intrusive, and poorly self controlled behaviors that violate either rights of others or norms of society. These behaviors have a significant impact on the daily functioning of the child or adolescents and on their parents. (3,4). The prevalence of CD varied widely between as low as 1 % to as high as 16 % among children and adolescents. (5) These disparities are more likely due

Oppositional Defiant Disorder is a tricky diagnosis when it comes to teens. Let’s face it, a whole lot of teens are defiant by nature, so let’s take a closer look at this complex disorder.

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), opposition defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD) are three distinct disorders based upon their respective diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5. If ODD and CD were mild forms of ASPD, then there would need to be causal relationship between the childhood manifestations of ODD and CD and the adult manifestation of ASPD. There is evidence of comorbidity between ODD and CD, and also evidence to suggest that children diagnosed with these disorders may go on to develop ASPD later in life; however, correlation does not equal causation. The three disorders have subtle but important differences in their associated behaviors, underlying causes, treatment outcomes, and neurological signs.

The diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder mainly comes as a result of observing certain characteristics of individuals’ behaviors. For instance, children who demonstrate disrespect towards authorities in their surroundings are usually diagnosed with the disorder. It is an exceptionally prevalent psychiatric disorder that has detrimental repercussions for slightly over three per cent of children and adolescents (Walter Matthys, 2012). According to the article, individuals suffering from Oppositional Defiant Disorder are mainly oppositional, antisocial and aggressive (Walter Matthys, 2012).

Based on parent interviews, intakes, and the clinician’s observations during play, the following diagnoses were considered disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, intermittent explosive disorder oppositional defiant disorder, and adjustment disorder.