The Digital Of Digital Image

Information security is a major concept in today’s industrial and computer era, so security must be higher to protect the confidential data. Information security plays major role in computer and network security with the use of different cryptography algorithms that includes the encryption and decryption of data with the uses of the algorithm and the key. By means of text or numerical key for the encryption can be dangerous because with the several hack attacks that a key can be broken. So I have proposed a new mechanism that will replace the text key with the image pixels and can gain high security which cannot be easy to break without prior knowledge.

Imaging experiments were performed by using standard spin warp gradient echo sequence for MRI, except that each phase encoding step was preceded by an ESR saturation pulse to elicit the Overhauser enhancement. Fig.1 shows the pulse sequence started with the ramping of the B0 field to 7.53 mT for 14N labeled nitroxyl radical, followed by switching on the ESR irradiation. Then, the B0 was ramped up to 14.53 mT before the NMR pulse (617 KHz) and the associated field gradients were turned on. At the beginning or end of the cycle, a conventional (native) NMR signal intensity (with ESR OFF) was measured for computing the enhancement factors. A Hewlett-Packard PC (operating system, LINUX 5.2) was used for data acquisition. The images were reconstructed from the echoes by using standard software, and were stored in DICOM format (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine). MATLAB codes were used for the computation of DNP parameters and curve fitting. Typical scan conditions were as follows, repetition time (TR)/echo time (TE): 2000 ms/25 ms; ESR irradiation time (TESR): 50 ~ 800 ms, in steps of 50 or 100 ms; RF power, 90 W. The reproducibility of the data was confirmed with several experiments. The DNP parameters and enhancement factors were obtained from the data set with good correlation (R2

Abstract: With the increasing usage of digital multimedia, the protection of intellectual property rights problem has become a very important issue. Digital watermarking is now drawing attention as a new method of protecting multimedia content from unauthorized copying. Over the past two decades, many digital watermarking algorithms have been developed, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The main aim of this paper is to present a survey report of recently done work in audio watermarking fields.

Steganography is art of hiding the secret message within an ordinary message and extraction of its destination. Steganography take cryptography a step farther by hiding an encrypted message so that no one finds the existence of the message. If anyone scans your data will fail to know that it contain encrypted data. Steganography maintain the secure communication between the communicating parties. There are different techniques that are used for hiding the secret data as Steganography, Cryptography and Watermarking. There are various drawbacks of the cryptography that are covered by the Steganography. This paper reviews the Steganography techniques and various matrices for performance analysis of Steganography techniques.

Abstract—Steganalysis and steganography are two term used for security purpose for embedding and extracting information in media files in imperceptible way. Steganography is the art of secret communication and steganalysis is the art of detecting the hidden messages embedded in digital media using steganography. Many powerful and robust methods of steganography and steganalysis have been introduced in the literature. In this paper, we will discuss various steganalysis techniques used recently for detection of hidden data embedded in media using various steganography techniques.

Abstract— Steganography is a technique of hiding the secret information. Steganography hides the existence of the secret data and make the communication undetectable. Secret data can be communicated in an appropriate multimedia carrier such as image, audio or video. Image steganography is extensively used technique. In this technique secret data is embedded within the image. Steganography techniques can be categorized into two groups - adaptive and non-adaptive. Each of these have its strengths and weaknesses. Adaptive steganography embeds the secret information in the image by adapting some of the local features of the image. Non-adaptive steganography embeds secret data equally in each and every pixel of the image. Several techniques have been proposed for hiding the

In the present world lot of multimedia data is exchanged on internet and the percent of image data in that is highest. So we need to securely transmit that and this can be achieved by Image encryption.

But with advancement of worldwide internet the security of data is important issue. Computer crime is becoming not only disastrous in potential impact but also more attractive to the criminal. There are various techniques, data theft can be prevented.[1][2]

Abstract- The utilization of PC systems for information transmissions has made the need of security. The security of this intuitive media data should be possible with encryption or information concealing calculations. To diminish the transmission time, the information pressure is necessary. Since couple of years, an issue is to attempt to join pressure, encryption and information covering up in a solitary stride. Picture security turns out to be progressively critical for some applications, e.g., secret transmission, video reconnaissance, military and therapeutic applications. These days, the transmission of pictures is an every day routine and it is important to locate a proficient approach to transmit them over systems. They send Secret message over channel utilizing Cryptography and Steganography calculations by AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). It is utilized to scramble the information from plain content to figure content the other way around. There are two sorts of keys accessible in the cryptography, symmetric and asymmetric. There are utilizing symmetric key which is separated into two key, for example, private and open key. Open key is utilized for encryption and private key is utilized for decoding. The reversible information concealing method is utilized to recover the information and picture

For the purpose of this paper, I will be focusing on Steganography, which I believe is the most efficient part of steganography. Unlike other Information hiding methods where the encryption is usually detectable, steganography takes it further by hiding the message within mediums like images, main it almost impossible to detect. The purpose of this paper is to explain Steganography, how it works compared to other methods and show methods of application and types of steganography.

Steganography is a Greek origin word that means stegos meaning cover and grafia to which classified as cover writing. Steganography is hiding a secret message into other information such as sound, image and video. It is also known as invisible communication. In addition, steganography is related to two technologies which are watermarking and fingerprinting. Both these technologies provide the same goals which are mainly used for intellectual property protection.Thus, both are different in algorithm requirements. Watermarking provides a hidden copyright protection by owner whereas the fingerprinting used a copy of the carrier object and make it as unique to the different customer.

Primary purpose of cryptography is security. Cryptography has been present since thousands of years. Encryption for a longer duration is a priority in many organizations. One among them is military, which used cryptography to securely transmit a message. During 1980’s there is great necessity of securely communicating with others. Internet is present since 1960’s and the World Wide Web came into existence during 1980’s. Throughout the world people access the internet. A World Wide Web, an electronic portal, is extensively used by many people for communicating. People used World Wide Web to send electronic mails. This kind of communication increased around the world. As the information passed between the two people may be hacked by any other person, securing data and transmitting to the right person became important aspect. A deep emphasis of encryption and cryptography will help all

12. ____ is a term that refers to entities that exist largely within computer networks.

steganography and cryptography are distinctive sorts of strategies utilization to send secure information transmission. Steganography is the craftsmanship and art of concealing information into distinctive bearer records, for example, pictures, features, sound, content and so forth. In cryptography, there is parcel of degree to discover mystery message that we send by outsider

In DCT, for embedding the watermark records, we divide the photo into one-of-a-kind frequency bands. In Figure four FL denotes the bottom frequency element of the block, even as FH denotes the better frequency component and FM denotes the middle frequency factor which is chosen because the embedding place. The DCT achieves right robustness in opposition to diverse signal processing attacks because of the choice of