The Discovery and Observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background: Implications for Cosmology
On a spring day in late May in 1964, the future of our understanding of the universe was greatly influenced, arguable on accident. Two radio astronomers discovered something unusual, not with their eyes, but with their ears. Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson essentially heard the buzz that the universe was echoing into their headphones, but they could not wrap their head around what it was. The two scientists were bewildered by the odd humming sound that was picked up by their labs horn antenna and they had no idea the significance of what they were listening to. They thought it must have been some sort of interference from a secondary source in or around their lab and antenna. They did everything in their power to eliminate anything that could possibly interfere with the radio signals that they were receiving; they went as far as getting rid of pigeons that had their nest on top of the astronomer’s antenna. It was not until they successfully got rid of anything that could potentially explain this noise that they came to the exciting conclusion that what they stumbled upon must be big. With this knowledge in mind, the idea that something big was at their fingertips, they had a few questions on their mind that needed answering. First and foremost, they obviously wanted and needed to figure out what exactly the noise they were hearing was. Secondly, they wanted to know what exactly
The article ‘On the Recentness of What We Know,’ written by Verlyn Klinkenborg, is a pleasant read about the author’s fondness of astronomy and his insight regarding the science of it and knowledge gleaned from it. Klinkenborg recounts a few of his star-gazing memories and then proceeds to analyze the effects cosmological discoveries have on him personally and humanity in general. The author shares bits of theoretical history of the universe and information on the early astronomers whose hypotheses have developed that history. He goes on to reference various well known discoveries throughout the years and marvels at how drastically information in recent years has changed the stories of our universe.
With all our knowledge of everything around us, overwhelming as it may be, there are still a lot of aspects that are unknown to even the smartest scientists. Did you know that humans know only 5% of the entire universe? Yes, everything we know about the Earth, the Milky Way, and all the planets is barely even a fourth of what comprises the entirety of the universe. Knowing that, it would be illogical to say that the creatures on Earth are the only forms of life in the universe. Today I will tell you about unidentified object sightings, close
Throughout history humanity has been fascinated by the existence of extraterrestrial life. Today such ventures are in the development process and the discovery of life beyond our solar system, no matter how primitive, may soon become a huge(important?) scientific breakthrough. The three basic things that are required to consider a place even remotely habitable are water, a source of energy, and organic materials. Habitability also depends on other factors that must also be taken into consideration such as how close the planet is to its star (in the case of our solar system, the sun), how long the water and organic materials existed there, and the size and mass of the planet. One must not confuse habitable with inhabited. The term
“The lights that filled the universe could be channeled, dissected, magnified, and measured by human ingenuity” (enlight, 2). There was a significant breakthrough in regards to what could be done in continuing to explore new theories.
Neil Degrasse Tyson points out in his article “Cosmic Perspective”, first published in the Natural Magazine in 2007, that if every human were to truly comprehend how stupendous and interraled the universe is to us, our perspective on humanity would shift from a focus on our distinctions to our connections. Tyson explores through many examples of the “cosmic perspective” to prove just how closely associated we are with the universe.
Typically, cosmological arguments occur in two different phases. The first phase’s purpose is to provide the premise that there is a ‘first cause’ or an
“The many accidents of physics and astronomy have worked together to our benefit and shows that in some sense the universe must have seen us
He has scaled the mountains of ignorance, he is about to conquer the highest peak: as he pulls himself over the final rock, he is greeted by a band of theologians who have been sitting there for centuries.”[v] Though Jastrow treats the issue as settled and declares that scientists have finally been “defeated,” it is too early to reach any judgements on the implications the new cosmology has for both science and religion. Our image of the origin of the universe is not yet complete and further investigations must be conducted before the towel is thrown in. Science has still much to offer to help us understand how the universe came to be. Therefore, let us now attempt to solve the cosmic mystery of creation by referring to the great scientific minds as our guide. Let us now rewind the story of the big bang and look into the origins of the universe.
Basak, Tanushree, and Tanmoy Mondal. "Constraining Minimal U(1) B − L Model from Dark Matter Observations." (2013): n. pag. Cornell University Library. Web. 10 Nov. 2015.
In order to discover how the cosmos works, humanist believe that “observation, experimentation, and the testing of theories against evidence has the best track record” (Fry, “That’s Humanism!”).
Unimaginable numbers of earth-like planets, beacons on the outer edge of our solar system, a constant presence in space; these ideas seem as if they have been taken straight
Throughout the second chapter of Investigating Astronomy: A Conceptual View of the Universe, authors Timothy Slater and Roger
At the present stage of existence (13.72 billion years), the universe radiates as a black body with a temperature of 2,725 K. Its maximum to the frequency 160.4 GHz (microwave radiation), which corresponds to a wavelength of 1.9 mm. It is isotropic up to 0,001% - the standard deviation of temperature is
As it says in the article Penzias and Wilsons work proves “how science can be serendipitous and requires theory to inform both observations and conclusions.” In the year 1963 they were using what’s called a Radio Telescope to help them “see” by listening to wavelengths administered from emitted energy in space in order for them to “increase the accuracy of existing measurements of radio sources in the Milky Way.” It wasn’t until Penzias and Wilson communicated with Cosmologists that they discovered the “noise” they were picking up wasn’t noise at all if it wasn’t for the two scientists “sharing their data and ideas” the Cosmic Microwave Background story probably never would have surfaced for who knows how long. Penzias and Wilson picked up
The biggest question we all ask ourselves at one point in time or another is, are we really alone in the universe? Many believe that all known encounters and evidence is either false, a hoax, or an attempt at fame and glory. True believers stick to the physical evidence and hard facts that follow these mysterious encounters. One specific event that occurred at Roswell, New Mexico in 1947 has baffled theorists and experts for generations and will continue to leave a controversial standpoint on what really may have occurred. This occurrence in particular has left a lot of unanswered questions about extraterrestrial existence due to the fact that most of the evidence collected from the incident is to either to old to be a credible source or the government has covered up the evidence and left a false influence behind. Overall, how has outside influence altered personal encounters and experience with extraterrestrial contact with relation to the Roswell Incident?