The Discovery Of The Logarithm

In 1202, a book called the Liber Abaci (Book of Albacus or Book of Calculation) was birthed from the many merchants that Fibonacci learned systems of arithmetic from as he travelled the mediterranean coast. This popularized the Hindu-Arabic numerals in Europe.

Although the west did have its own cultivation of knowledge, the majority of westernized thinking originated in India and other Southern Asian countries. The people of India invented Hindi numerals. Arabs gave these numerals the title, ‘Hindi numbers’. These numerals included the concept of zero and allowed mathematicians to make fast, accurate calculations. Once Arabs had begun using the Indians numerals and concept of zero, Europeans were then introduced to these concepts and called them ‘Arab numerals’. Chinese used Indian mathematical concepts but advanced the ideas which allowed them to expand in that field of knowledge. The methods that the Chinese used based off of the ideas of Indians, shows how methods were spread. Since the

Isaac H. is a well-developed African American that experienced the Great Migration in his lifetime. Growing up poor, Isaac had nine siblings and family throughout the United States. Isaac’s Aunt specifically lived in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and invited Isaac to experience the north at an early age by working there during his summers.The Great Migration was a movement that changed Isaac H.’s life because his family moved to the north and created a foundation for him.This foundation, along with Isaac’s experience, was established by the Blacks who took a risk and moved to the North without a guarantee that there was anything for them .This risk was in the minds of almost 6 million African Americans and they all made a choice that resulted in

Did you know that Pythagorean Theorem was actually created well before our generation’s time period? Yes, it seems that is pretty basic knowledge, but did you know it was actually created in B.C. and instead of A.D.? The brilliant mind to thank for such an achievement is the man who goes by the name Pythagoras. However the Pythagorean Theorem isn’t his only accomplishment, he was so advanced for his time, that he had many achievements. But to the best way to examine these accomplishments is to start at the beginning.

History - John Logie Baird. (n.d.). Retrieved September 19, 2017, from http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/baird_logie.shtml This article provides us with information about John Logie Baird's life, and what his time spent inventing was like. I personally believe that he helped, and maybe hurt generations to come.

Muhammad Ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī developed algebra and algorithms. Spherical trigonometry and the “addition of the decimal point notation to the Arabic numerals” (Islamic Golden Age) were introduced by the Muslim mathematician Sind Ibn Ali. Al-Kindi introduced cryptanalysis, frequency analysis, algebraic calculus, and proof by mathematical induction. Ibn al-Haytham developed “analytic geometry and the earliest general formula for infinitesimal and integral calculus” (Islamic Golden Age). Symbolic algebra which is used today in computer sciences was developed by Abū al-Hasan Ibn Alī al-Qalasādī. “Arabs picked up two concepts essential to the evolution of mathematics: the place value digit and zero. Both of these were vital to being able to do much more complex calculations than the old system of using letters to represent numbers” (Butler). Although Muslims made many technological, medical, as well as other advancements, they also endured a great amount of

Algebra is the basis of all math and its advancement took place in three major steps. The first stage of algebra is rhetorical algebra dating back to before 275 BCE. Rhetorical algebra was a form of algebra that contained no symbols so to them +,-, and*, did not exist. It was usually explained orally or written on scribes. They were able to do things such as find squad and cubed roots, solve linear equations, and explain fractions. As well as recognizing irrational numbers and identifying that quadratics had two answers. The next phase in algebra’s evolution was Syncopated math. This was most popularly used between 275 BCE - 1600. Diophantus played a crucial role in this stage by being the first to develop algebraic notations and abbreviations.

Abstract: - The many concepts we currently have in the field of mathematics are thanks to great mathematicians from different cultures throughout time. An important era when great mathematical discoveries were made was during Medieval Times, or the Middle Ages. In this paper we discuss important discoveries and contributions that were made by three famous mathematicians of this time period including French Nicole Oresme, German Jordanus Nemorarius and Italian Leonardo Pisano, better known for his nickname of Fibonacci.

Studying the history behind Calculus can seem, for the untrained eye, an impractical use of time. One might think that since as Calculus students, we are using the most advanced and contemporary functions of calculus, it's useless to look back and see what people did before us. However, there are several reasons why looking at the historical background of Calculus is important. As the lecture stated, the main reasons why the history of Calculus is important is that it opens our, being the students, eyes. It opens our eyes to the motivation behind historical Calculus scholars. It opens our eyes to how we can organize Calculus' results. It opens our eyes to the human and personal aspects of the people who developed calculus. Finally, it opens our eyes to the link between faith and mathematics. In this historical discussion of the definite integral, we will look at several of the "founding fathers" of this concept.

In 1616, Kepler was working for Mästlin computing astronomical tables. It was then that he learned about logarithms from Mästlin. Mästlin warned Kepler to not trust logs because they were not understood. So, Kepler took it upon himself to mathematically prove how logarithms work. In 1628, Kepler published tables of eight-figure logarithms he had calculated with the Rudolphine

His interests ranged across many mathematical and scientific fields, including geometry, trigonometry, calculus, optics, astronomy, cartography, mechanics, and even music theory (Euler). Euler was the first to officially introduce several of today’s standard mathematical notations, including the sigma symbol “∑” to represent the sum of a list of terms, the conventional notation “f(x)” to denote a function of x, the use of the letter “i” to represent √-1, and the systematic labeling of “A, B, C” and “a, b, c” for the angles and corresponding sides on a triangle, respectively (Boyer). One of his better known discoveries is known as “Euler’s Number,” denoted by the symbol “e” which represents the value for the base of natural logarithms in much the same way that “흅” does the circumference of a circle (Euler also helped institute the standard use of “흅,” although he did not initially discover it) (Leonhard Euler). In fact, Euler worked so hard that he lost sight in one, then both of his eyes, one of them becoming infected after a botched operation intended to restore its vision. Yet Euler maintained his strong faith in God, claiming that this faith is what supported him through his painful loss of his vision (Leonhard

In this work Wallis also introduced interpolation, which was very common of this time period. In 1657, he published the Mathesis Universalis on algebra, arithmetic, and geometry, further developing notation. He invented and introduced the famous symbol ∞ for infinity, which is still used today. In this work, Wallis was the first to demonstrate the utility of the exponent using negative and fractional exponential notation (Westfall, 1995).

Those who contributed to this book mathematically were Hypatia of Alexandria and Ahmes. They were the leaders in their field and discovered many algebraic short cuts for the ancient Egyptians and developed tools to further their mathematical

The Pythagoreans were a group of people who followed Pythagoras in 530 B.C. They are well known for their work in mathematics and for numerology, they tried to prove that everything is made up of numbers. The Pythagoreans tried to solve the problem of Anaximander by the theory of the Limit which was the flaw in Anaximander’s theory.

     From the period of 1145AD – the late 16th century, many mathematicians developed on algebraic concepts. However, it was not until the 1680’s that the most remarkable discoveries were made using algebra. Sir Isaac Newton was a very famous mathematician, English physicist, astronomer, philosopher, and alchemist. During his period of study, he used algebra to describe universal gravitation, develop the laws of motion, found orbits of the planets to be elliptical, discovered that light was made of particles, discovered the rate of cooling objects, and the binomial theorem. His most important works were the development of calculus. However, Newton did not work alone on creating the