The Disease Of Malaria In Sub-Saharan Africa

About 1,500 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States annually, mostly in returned travelers” (Global Health - Division of Parasitic Diseases , 2010). Malaria risk is not distributed homogeneously throughout all countries. Some destinations have malaria transmission occurring throughout the whole country, while in others it occurs in defined pockets so the traveler should be weary of areas whose climate is conducive to mosquitoes.

Malaria infection is caused by parasitic protozoan plasmodium. Several species of malaria parasites exist but the most fatal known is plasmodium falciparum. It enters the liver and replicates itself by getting into the red blood cell and ripping its way out when fully matured. It was once thought that the US military got close to completely eradicating the vector mosquito through DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and the parasitic plasmodium with vaccines until they discovered that both are capable of mutating and gained the ability to be resistant to any chemicals scientists could produce (Horizon, 2005).

This mode of transmission, like malaria, can leave the host deadly sick. Its a cycle, with the parasite in the host, a mosquito will carry the blood with the parasite and inject it into a different host.

Malaria (also called biduoterian fever, blackwater fever, falciparum malaria, plasmodium, Quartan malaria, and tertian malaria) is one of the most infectious and most common diseases in the world. This serious, sometimes-fatal disease is caused by a parasite that is carried by a certain species of mosquito called the Anopheles. It claims more lives every year than any other transmissible disease except tuberculosis. Every year, five hundred million adults and children (around nine percent of the world’s population) contract the disease and of these, one hundred million people die. Children are more susceptible to the disease than adults, and in Africa, where ninety percent of the world’s cases occur and where eighty percent of the cases

Background - Malaria is a water borne disease. It is spread by a parasite-carrying mosquito. It kills many people and reduces a country 's capacity to develop. There are different strategies to combat malaria. Around half the population is at risk of malaria and this disease is active in 106 counties across Africa, Asian and the Americas (see source 3). the global annual mortality from malaria is between 1.5 - 3 million deaths, or between 4000 and 8000 each day. Developing countries are most vulnerable to Malaria and as shown on source 2 Malaria has been spread across many various other countries including in Europe, but these countries have eradicated Malaria.

Ninety percent of all malaria deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa, which is the location and region of where this issue affects. In a concentrated effort to treat malaria since 2000, 700 million cases have been stopped in Africa, bringing the number of cases down by almost fifty percent. This pleasant news is the result of human interaction. Since the introduction of bed nets, malaria death rates have dropped by sixty percent, saving six million lives. All this progress has to be credited to the scientists who got notified by their respective countries when deaths constantly occur in a certain area through communication. Shortly after getting notified, the researchers travel to sub-Saharan Africa, which requires movement, to analyze the situation

Also, human population movement from higher transmission areas jeopardizes reintroduction and resurgence in malaria-free regions, and in addition has undermined elimination works in the past. For that reason, it is important to understand the patterns of parasite dispersal in order to target control by pinpointing regions where the imported infections originate from and where they play a part in transmission.

Currently in Uganda there are a lot of Malaria and new land discover. It is caused by mosquitoes. 100,00 more people get it and sometimes died from it. Children are the one who usually get it. A lot of people get this and it is very common so you have to watch out for mosquitoes. If you think you have it these are some of the ways you can tell are high fever, headaches, shaking, chills, vomiting, diarrhoea, and many aching muscles and joints. That could help you know what you have. If you get Malaria it will take about 7 days or longer when the first symptoms you notice. Did you know that Uganda has been called the Pearl of Africa? It is because of the wildlife and the beatiful scenery. It is one of the top places you should visit. One of the

From the beginning of human history, we, as a species, have made an extreme effort to adapt. Through famine, drought, and war, we miraculously found a way to survive 200,000 years and dominate almost every continent (Shillington 13). One of the key methods to our survival throughout history is our understanding of diseases. Though it would take us tens of thousands of years to understand exactly what diseases are, we did notice that certain areas were more likely to make people sick and that these places were to be avoided at all costs. A prime example of this is the avoidance of swamps in early Africa due to sleeping sickness. Spread by the tsetse fly, sleeping sickness is a disease fatal to humans as well as livestock. When it was noticed that these blood sucking flies rarely left swampy areas, early humans learned to avoid these them, which in turn lowered the amount of deaths cause by sleeping sickness (Shillington 26). However, not all diseases are solved simply by moving locations. In modern day Africa, one of the deadliest diseases is malaria. Being carried by mosquitos, malaria can exist almost anywhere on the continent. According the Doctor’s Without Boarders, a child in Africa dies of malaria every minute (Doctors Without Boarders). Though larger countries have the ability and resources to fight malaria, younger countries are finding difficulties eliminating this disease. One of these

In areas where malaria thrives, human populations have been known to suffer in its clutches. Malaria is a tropical disease that causes thousands of deaths worldwide. However, a majority of malaria cases and deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence of malaria in African countries places a heavy burden on its people and affects all aspects of society. Considered both a consequence and a fundamental cause of poverty, malaria has a host of negative effects that hinder the growth and well-being of the African population.

In addition to waterborne disease prevalence, malaria would also pose as high risk in Togo. Africa already accounts for 90% of malaria cases. Therefore, with extreme weather events resulting from climate change, this risk is heightened (Tatlock, 2006). According to the UN, “water stress plays an indirect role in curing malaria because it impedes the human recovery process” (Tatlock, 2006). Not only does malaria thrive during water scarcity, but the disease also flourishes in high temperatures and increased moisture, too. Thus, the change in climate would spike the incidence of malaria in Togo.

Each year over 30 million women become pregnant in Africa (Richard 1996), with most living in areas of stable malaria transmission. This majority of women infected the malaria risk of maternal anemia and delivering a low birth weight (LBW) baby. I will focus on the impact of malaria during pregnancy and subsequent infant mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. This reviews aim is to investigate the impact of malaria during pregnancy on low birth weight (LBW) in sub-Saharan Africa with various levels of malaria transmission.

The history of malaria in Republic of Sudan can be analyzed to identify the current determinants of malaria risk. The main determinants of malaria is classified as purely demographic and population movement, Bio-medical and genetic factors, environmental factors, and socioeconomic determinant.

In this paper, I will compare the established health data to the data I gathered from my interview. I will analyze the established health data and statistics in order to find out if the actual health issues correlate to the perceived health issues that my interviewee mentioned. According to a study conducted by World Health Organization (WHO) in 2004, 61.9% of communicable diseases accounted for the cause of diseases among Ghanaian, 30.8% of non-communicable diseases accounted for the cause of diseases in this population, and 7.3% of injuries accounted for the cause of diseases in this population.

There are four species in the Plasmodium Genus that affect humans: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. What people did not know then, was how the protozoan got from