The Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth Analysis

The gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) is a highly disruptive species that can, and has played a distinctive role in the lives of many organisms. Included in these organisms are various deciduous trees and shrubs, wildlife species that share the same environment, and even humans. The gypsy moth destroys the beauty of woodlands via defoliation, alters ecosystems and wildlife habitats, and disrupts our own lives. It should therefore come as no surprise that the U.S. Department of Agriculture and many other agencies have taken huge steps to help diminish populations of this small, yet persistent species. In an effort to control these overwhelming populations, five chemical control agents have

Proper removal and disposal of the dead Ash Trees can help with eliminating the spread of the disease to other areas of the city and replanting a variety of trees in the affected Ash Tree areas can help with biodiversity of tree species in the city to prevent another spread from destroying many of our trees. With many different tree species, if there is another beetle or borer outbreak that affects a certain species of tree, It would not be as devastating to the entire tree population because it would only affect a select few trees throughout the

Parus bicolor, commonly known as the tufted titmouse is a small bird species native to many places in North America. The taxonomy for the tufted titmouse follows this hierarchy: Kingdom Animalia, Family Parade, Genus Parus, and species Paris bicolor. Originally, the tufted titmouse only inhabited few areas of the around the South East, and slowly the species migrated up the East Coast, and even a few subspecies have developed in Texas. They thrive best in woodlands, swamps, river basins, and other vegetative areas. Occupying the tops of many deciduous trees, the Tufted Titmouse offers many positive factors to an ecosystem.

Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) most likely came to the United States through solid wood shipments from Asia, and has established its habitat in 25 states - including Georgia - and two Canadian provinces. The female lays eggs and the cream-colored larvae chew tunnels through the wood. The adults are shiny green beetles about a half inch in length and burrow through the wood. Symptoms of EAB infestation in a tree include vertical

The wasp and the sycamore fig tree has a complex relationship in which they both are dependent on each other for survival. On top of that, they also play a major role in the ecosystem by providing resources to other organisms as well. The fig tree and the wasps has a mutualistic relationship in which that they both benefit one another. The fig tree is a place where the wasp lay its eggs but in order for them to do so the male wasp cuts down the flowers and chop down the antler for the female wasp and the female wasp mission is to carry the queen's pollen to other trees. The female wasp scraps out the pollen and pack it in its special pockets. The wasp pollinate the flowers and lay their eggs before they die, some of the flowers will become

The Emerald Ash Borer is a phloem-feeding beetle that is native to Asia and has been increasing its presence in the US. The beetle is invasive, harmful to native ash trees, and has the ability to spread (Kovacs et al., 2010). The invasive beetles cause destruction to ash trees in a gradual process, that usually lasts three years. The beetles initiate the attack along the upper trunk and bases of main branches and then work their way down (Winners, 2002). The adult beetles lay eggs on the ash tree’s bark and when they hatch, the larvae bore into the bark and feed on the transportation tissues of the tree (NCFS, 2016). This causes disruption of the movement of nutrients and water within the tree. Since the bug resides and lays eggs within the tree’s bark, they are hard to recognize until the

You can remove the eggs from the trees by soaking them in soapy water or burning them, this kills them and helps to remove any moths from the tree

Mountain-pine beetles have drastically changed the environment they are living in; due to this, areas such as industry, recreation, and the ecosystem have been impacted. For the last few decades the mountain- pine beetle has become a huge problem in the Rocky Mountains, stretching all the way from New Mexico all the way to central Canada. More than 60 million acres of forest have been infected, which has resulted in about 60% of the mature pines across North America to be killed (Rosner, 2013). Every day hundreds of trees are felled in an effort to clear out the beetles and to rid the forest of the unsightly dead trees. Entire forests have been reduced into nothing more than standing grave yards that mark a once great ecosystem. Forest Service officials are struggling to come up with a solution to this epidemic but find their options limited due to legal framework, public opinion, and just options in general.

But when lodgepole/ whitebark pine co-occurred in mixed stands beetles prefer to attack lodgepole pine more than low defensive naïve host whitebark pine. Only in pure stands on high elevations and in mixed stands with less number of lodgepole pine, whitebark pine are more prone to beetle attack. This two observations contradicts their predictions. Thus due to historic cold climate in high elevation areas and weak selective pressures whitebark pine spend low energy in defense against bark beetles and save that energy to fight other extreme physiological conditions. Based on predators and competitors data collected from the baits suspended from attacked and unattacked lodgepole/whitebark pine trees they concluded that both predators and competitors are attracted more to volatiles secreted from attacked lodgepole pine while in unattacked trees they were present in equal numbers indicating historic role of this primary host in this particular behavioral response. This indicate that with increasing high temperature levels there is a possibility that pine beetles may change from being common to appearing in significantly high levels in whitebark pine and based on other studies once they are destroyed by beetles in hot climate they aid

Is it right to stop nature from taking course just because we don’t like what it is doing? Mountain- pine beetles are native to the forests of North America. They are in their natural environment and are just doing what they do best. What right to we human have of killing them off or blocking them from food sources just because we don’t like what they are doing to out scenery? Because for many people that it was it comes down to, not what is happening ecosystem, not whether or not he epidemic is natural, but how it is affecting their once perfect view. All things considered the epidemic did bring some small benefits the ecosystems it hit, by clearing out old, weak tree, and allowing younger, and stronger ones to take their place, the ecosystem

Type in your favorite search engine “top news” click on any random news website. Looking through the top news read about one that catches your interest and come back in a week or so and you will find a whole new set of stories. “Two California Wildfires Destroy More Than 1,000 Homes” (1) is the head line of September 20, 2015, under NBC top stories. It been eight days and now there is a whole new set of stories and little information on the wildfires. How come every time the news story will just be in the headline and our thoughts for less than a month or so? Most likely, like everyone that wasn’t affected by that fire it will be forgotten by the people that was unaffected by the fire in the next week or so. Replace by another headline, not

To use forests for their lumber and other natural resources, it is important to not only be informed on managing it, but it is also important to know what goes on naturally inside the forests. One of these natural phenomena are actually the threats to the forests themselves and how they can be affected by them. Canada has one-tenth of the world's forest and about 50,000 hectares of this is untouched (Dearden and Mitchell, 2016, P.287). With that, it also has one-third of the world's boreal forest as well (P.287). The chosen topic of this paper is Natural threats to Canadian forests. The specific situation chosen is how the climate change affects the natural threats to the Canadian boreal forests. The topic was chosen because it is relevant

The Kazakhstan beetle or some call it the salt cedar leaf beetle, is threating the tamarisk tree growth in the Grand Canyon and surrounding areas. The tamarisk is a brown shrubbery, a hardy tree sized plant from Central Asia, West Africa and Mediterranean brought to American in the 1800s (Cole, 2011). It has a tendency to crowd out other river plants and make the soil more saline which can change the surrounding ecosystems. They are not a good source of food and they have a tendency to increase wildfires because they dry out the land around them. So the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) decided they needed to fight the tamarisk growth and came up with the solution.

The use of parasitic wasps to control populations of House Flies and Stable Flies has also been researched to determine if the use of parasites is as effective in the control agricultural pests. In a study by Weinzierl and Jones, 1998, two species of parasitic wasps, Spalangia nigroaenea and Muscidifurax zaraptor, where reared and then released on four cattle feed lots in Illinois every Month from May to August for three years. The farms where monitored to determine if the release of the parasitic wasps reduced the populations of Stable and House Flies. Over the three year study it was found that the mortality rate of flies jumped to 60.7% , compared to a 51.7% mortality rate on feed lots where the parasitic wasps where not released. This was caused by the significant increase in pupal mortality due to parasitism. On feed lots where the wasps where present pupal mortality went up to 11.6% compared to the 6.4% on control

In her essay “The Death of the Moth”, Virginia Woolf depicts the struggle of life confronting death through the death of a moth. Woolf sees a moth flying in “a pleasant morning, mid-September, mild, benignant” (385). She uses this soft autumnal description of her morning to emphasize the beauty of life and the happiness one feels while being alive; however, she uses the moth to represent life itself and show its own struggles: “ [the moth] tried to fly across...the window-pane”, but “he failed” (386). She uses the moth’s "failure and awkwardness" (386) to announce death’s arrival and the moth’s constant effort to keep flying to show a desperation to hang on to life. Why moth is so attached to life?. “After perhaps a seventh attempt [the moth] slipped from the wooden ledge and fell, fluttering his wings, onto his back on the window sill” (385). No matter how bad the consequences of the moth’s attempts to fly, he was not going to surrender and after recognizing that “there was something marvelous as well as pathetic about” the moth due to his constants attempts to live, Woolf “stretched out a pencil, meaning to help him to right himself”, but when she notice “the approach of death… [she] laid the pencil down again” (385). Woolf’s use of the pencil instead of her own fingers shows how fragile the life of the moth was and how careful she was trying to be to help the “insignificant creature” (385). However, her shift from interest on the moth life to its death might