The Drug Abuse Resistance Education Program (DARE)

4. What type of drug is chlorpromazine, and where was it first tested on patients? Antipsychotic, A new phenothiazine drug, chlorpromazine, was synthesized in France in 1950 and was tested on such patients. In 1952, two French psychiatrists, Delay and Deniker, announced that the drug exerted a specific effect in diminishing the symptoms and signs of psychosis in patients with severe mental illnesses. (Hart & Ksir, p. 171)

DARE. Drug Abuse Resistance Education. What is it? DARE is a class that teaches students, like me, how to resist and handle different situations. I took this class this year and found it very helpful. We have all been working really hard in these five months in which we have found to have come to an end. This amazing journey we have come along on was fun, and hard. Deputy Kennedy was a really fun teacher in DARE. He made fun jokes and did some funny things. The 3 key things I learned in DARE the harms of drugs and alcohol, good communication skills, and handling stress.

What is D.A.R.E. class? DARE is a class we have been in for the last couple weeks. It is taught by Deputy Morris. DARE stands for drug abuse resistance education. A DDMM is a DARE decision making model. The DDMM says to define, assess, respond, evaluate. Those are the main parts of DARE.

Jim Avila from NBC News wrote an article “D.A.R.E doesn’t work” and in his article he said that “DARE is a waste of money” spending over 220million in tax money all that money and it had no beneficial effect on drug use. Annually it cost about 1-1.3 billion dollars, which is like about 173 to 268 per student per year, so say Economist Dr.Edward Shepard, funded by both private and Federal government sources no wonder why US is in debt. Owning other countries tons of money and putting money into programs that are just a waste of time and money. Anyway the program was taught over 50 states, 52 countries reaching 200 million kids, which is about 114 million kids in the US alone. All this program did was take billions and billions of money almost putting us in debt all that money put into a program that really never ever helped kids stop using

This dissertation will study a number of issues surrounding drug intervention programs, gen-der and mental health issues but first I want to introduce female involvement within the crimi-nal justice system (CJS) in the context of their drug addiction and will look at theories which have helped shape criminologists perspectives of female offenders throughout the years.

There are many different types of drug prevention programs around the world. Studies are trying to figure out what program is most effective for patients. There are many ways to avoid drug use. It can be difficult for young people to overcome peer pressure with drugs. The more people that know how to stay abstinent from drugs the more successful their life can be without the distractions.

Even the most severely addicted individuals can participate in treatment; in the hopes of reducing their drug and alcohol use. Treatment programs with the higher success rates offer a combination of treatments. I will explore substance abuse prevention programs in this paper. I will summarize their goals, funding, and effectiveness.

Evidence Based Programs. Most evidence based substance abuse prevention education programs are sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration known as SAMHSA. According to Skager (2007), SAMSHA has developed over 158 programs which are qualified and registered into the National Registry of Evidence Based Programs and Practices (NREPP). Although evidence based approaches have been predicted to have more promising effects on drug prevention than other approach types, little evaluation and research has been conducted to fully assess outcomes (Skager, 2007).

The first substance abuse prevention program is called AlcoholEdu for College by the EverFi company. AlcoholEdu for College is an online alcohol education, harm reduction, and misuse prevention course for undergraduate students in colleges and universities. The course takes 2 to 3 hours to complete. (DeJong, 2015) The fully independent, 3-year, 30-college controlled study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). (New Federal Government Study: AlcoholEdu Reduces Binge Drinking and Alcohol-Related Harms, 2011) This shows how the NIH involvement enhances the validity of EverFi effect on college students. A quote by Brandon Busteed, creator of AlcoholEdu states the magnitude of its effect, he says "This study is the equivalent of an FDA approval on a pharmaceutical drug. No other program has ever reached this bar, and it 's likely that no other program will anytime soon." (New Federal Government Study: AlcoholEdu Reduces Binge Drinking and Alcohol-Related Harms, 2011) It is also funded by its sponsors such as WalMart, American Express, and the National Basketball Association, among others. It is

The Drug Abuse Resistance Education program known as D.A.R.E has become a very widespread and popular program throughout the United States. The program appeals to all ethnic, racial, and socioeconomic lines, which is a large part of the reason why the DARE program has grown exponentially. The program’s basic premise was meant to introduce kids to the danger of drugs, before the drugs got to them. The implementation of the DARE program appeared to be what America needed to begin to put a dent in the war on drugs.

The DARE program was first conceived twenty years ago by the Los Angeles Police Department and has since been adopted by almost eighty percent of schools nationwide. It places uniformed offices in the schools to teach of the dangers of drugs and alcohol,however throughout the course of numerous studies it’s effectiveness has been called into question. For example in numerous studies it has been shown that the graduates of the program are not less likely to use drugs and alcohol then the student that had no experience with the program.However despite of its ineffectiveness it can’t be replaced due to the fact that any suggestion to replace

DARE stands for Drug Abuse Resistance Education. There was a model of this program that was created in 1983 by the Los Angeles Police Department and the Los Angeles Unified School District (DARE Association of Ohio, 1998). This program is to teach children from Kindergarten through High School skills necessary to recognize and resist pressures to experiment with drugs and to avoid gangs and violence. The lessons emphasize self-esteem, decision making, interpersonal communication skills, and the consequences of drug abuse, conflict resolution and positive alternatives to substance abuse (DARE Association of Ohio, 1998).

For instance, shortly after its initiation, police officers started being brought into public schools. The usual events were comprised of drug prevention talks where the police demonize drug dealers and shared their experiences dealing with drugged out people. While these scare tactics give an appearance of deterrence there was a study cited in the article by Scientific American, conducted that teenagers were just as likely to use drugs after through these abstinence based programs than if they didn’t get any information at all. The article also found a fatal flaw in the DARE campaigns pedagogy, it was the lack of student in student role play on how to handle social situations with drugs. Bringing in the longitudinal study from a reputable source reinforces the argument against the DARE programs pedagogy. Not only did they show that has the Nancy Reagan philosophy been ineffective, the article subtly made a point to highlight how wasteful it must have been to use our tax money to fund ineffective police educational programs. While no statistics were shown, the fact that these programs were found to be highly ineffective gives this argument quite a bit of merit. Parallel to this, in 1986 congress passed the Drug Free Schools and Communities Act which mandated a zero tolerance policy to drugs in schools. This was the first time police officers began arresting students straight out of schools. This fact also shines light on the how destructive a simple minded

Dr. Huber took a unique, captivating approach to substance education. He was direct which allowed me to dive deeper into learning more about a topic that is generally dull. Dr. Huber explained the specific facts on how drugs and alcohol affects the body, especially the brain. One point he repeatedly mentioned was how the frontal lobe does not fully develop until around age 25. This means a person’s planning, organizing, and judgement is not completely matured until that age. He also ensured that we knew how important education on substances are important for two reasons: you will always have to deal with a child or adult suffering from substance abuse and the fact that drugs have the extreme potential

School –based drug use- prevention programs such as DARE, Project Alert, and Life Skills Training program have been designed to keep kids from illiciting drugs. Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) is an educational program usually delivered by a police officer. The 17 week program components are learning refusal skills, teen leaders, making a public commitment not to use illicit drugs. Also, affective education components include: self-esteem building, alternatives to drug use and decision making. Research on the effectiveness of