The Dying Industry of Brick Production in Norway

Some evidence to prove this is, "The clay was made into bricks and tiles in factories near Arretium. The clay, dug out of large pits in the ground, was formed into standard shapes and sizes using wooden molds." A reason for having to be intelligent and having to have physical strength is, they need skilled workers to cut, polish, and carve the stone. If they weren't that smart or unskilled they would lift huge block from the ground which required both strength and intelligence. The text states that, "The skilled laborers cut, polished, or carved inscriptions in the stone. The unskilled workers seperated and lifted the huge blocks from Earth. The stone was usually cut with a saw. When the stone was hard, the blade used in the saw had no teeth; sand and steel fillings were placed under the blade and the back-and-forth motion of the saw ground away from the stone." So with that said it was very important to have physical strength and to have intelligence because of those reasons. The way we build today still uses both of those ideas just a little bit less since we have tools to help

In 1887, John Haggerty took over the family brickyard’s fifty five acre lot off of Ford Rd. John managed his company by implementing upgraded techniques for retrieving the clay such as steam shovels and the work accumulated an approximate one point five million bricks within the first year. The company continued to do very well with projects to Dearborn’s and Detroit’s development, however a snag occurred with the economy.

He molded the bricks by hand and laid them on a pallet, let them sun-dry and baked them in a wooden kiln,” said O’Connor.

Stone quarries supplied the large blocks of granite, limestone, and sandstone that were used for building temples and tombs.

The large number of people moving into cities and the majority of the population living in poverty both urban and rural it is the price of the concrete block that creates Mexico’s vernacular housing. A build as you go, use what you have, and build only what you need attitude all combine to help create this endemic. However, looking across suburbs throughout Mexico, “what you need” can be misleading, many of the houses are only partially built and continually adding on. “SEEING CONCRETE BLOCKS AS VERNACULAER, REMOVES THE NOTION THAT THIS MATERIAL IS HOMGENIZING AND AHISTORICAL” – FRY 2008. Tepetzil concrete blocks are the most popular blocks, most are exposed, however wealthier families will add a coat of painting or plaster to the outer wall. Modern machinery has accelerated the production of blocks and are now formed at a very low cost. Both rural and city citizens recognize these to be very light weight, durable, able to with stand multiple weather conditions and most of all easy to build with; which help make the tepetzil block to be the most popular. Due to low wages and frequent unemployment, the overhead cost of purchasing and building with Tepetzil blocks outweigh the negatives. The deep history of architecture housing throughout Mexico is special, not only from the diverse structures within each city, but the world as

The Great Wall of China was made out of rocks and stamped earth in the beginning, and then lime workshop and bricks slowly started getting poplular.

There is much debate on how the Ancient Egyptian Pyramids in Giza were built. King Khufu’s pyramid, from the Old Kingdom, stands at 146 meters high, has a base of 230 meters, while using 2.4 million stone blocks; each block averaging between 2.5 to 15 tons (Van Der Mieroop). These extreme numbers force researchers to try and create hypotheses on how the Ancient Egyptians were able to construct such colossal monuments. Although we have an idea of where and how the Egyptians obtained the materials used for their creation, it is still unclear how they were able to take stone blocks that weighted several tons so high up, have such precision that not even a credit card could slip through the blocks, and was capable of pointing the pyramids

Another invention is the Julian Calendar. Evan Andrews says “ Many ancient Roman structures like the Pantheon, the Colosseum and the Roman Forum are still standing today thanks to the development of Roman cement and concrete. The Romans first began building with concrete over 2,100 years ago and used it throughout the Mediterranean basin in everything from aqueducts and buildings to bridges and monuments.” This highlights that many of Rome’s great structures were made out of concrete. Another life changing invention was the Julian Calendar.

Materials included in common house construction included straw, wood, stone, sand, lime, and clay. Straw would often be used for the construction of roofs. Adobe bricks, very common in the construction of houses in the Aztec empire, would be made from water, sand, clay, and a material such as straw. The name translates to "dried brick" in Spanish. Floors might be dirt, stone, or plastered.

The word "Lego" comes from the Danish words "Leg godt" meaning "Play well". As stated above, the company started with wooden toys. In 1947, the owner of the company, Ole Kirk Kristiansen, bought a plastic injection machine. It was very expensive, but they made a lot more money using it. In 1954, the new owner of the company decided to make the Lego bricks connect with any set made so that the options of what to make were almost unlimited. In 1960, a fire started in the factory, destroying most of the wooden toys and multiple plans for other ones. This made the company focus entirely on the plastic bricks. Nearly 100 years

The clients required to have a sustainable, low maintenance and lifelong home, so the architects employed reinforced in-situ concrete as the main material for the dwelling, which is also used generally in the local farm building. Another predominant material used is Corten/weathered steel, of which the reddish-orange brown colour tones perfectly with the bracken that covers some of the nearby fields. The weathering process happens through time makes the steel a ‘living’ material

“The idea was to incorporate a building that could be easily be built and taken down both constructively and economically. Most ideas involved a long, one-story building made of brick. The problem was that it looked far too solid difficult to remove later and it might be even harder to light- not to mention that it probably could not be built in time. Further debates and redrafting delayed the project even further.” (1)

The company provided jobs for about 20 men. Its bricks were known for their strength and quality. For example, they were used to construct Thomas Bowden Sr.’s house on Sturgeon Road, which he successfully moved to Edmonton in 1922.

It is here where for many centuries fishermen and traders survived and from these very shores the Vikings organized a vast maritime trading network. The Vikings ventured across the Atlantic Ocean to Iceland, Greenland, and ultimately North America in the late 10th century to establish colonies throughout. To this day, Norway retains a robust fishing industry boasting one of the world’s largest merchant marine fleets. During the late 20th century, vast reserves of natural gas and petroleum were discovered in Norway’s North Sea bringing a new source of prosperity to the country according to Sager, R. D. et al. (1997).

IKEA established itself as the largest furniture retailer in Sweden by the early 1970s by reinventing the wheel of furniture manufacturing at that time. Majority of furniture manufacturers in Sweden produced expensive products with designs that were basic or passed down generation to generation, additionally other manufacturers stores where located in downtown congested areas. IKEA’s strategies which consisted of low cost low priced furniture, brave intricate designs, self-assembly,