The E Coli Is A Gram Negative, Rod Shaped Bacterium

E. coli bacteria affects children and the elderly along with people with weak immune systems.

E. coli is a bacterium capable of being transmitted from one person to another. To ensure that the bacteria used in this experiment were not transmitted to other places, items, or organisms, several safety protocols were followed.

O157:H7 strain of E. coli that sickened 40 people in eight states (Glausiusz 1). Additionally,

The genome of E. coli 0157:H7 was recently sequenced and contains 1,387 new genes absent in non pathogenic strains. Analysis of the genome suggests that there are a variety of potential virulence genes that have yet to be explored, including fimbrial and other adhesions, secretion systems, and toxins. Many of the virulence genes are similar to those associated with pathogenesis in Salmonella and Shigella. Most of them are found on pathogenicity islands from viral DNA that is transmitted to the bacteria through the activity of a lysogenic phage. The two most important toxins, Stx1 and Stx2 (for shiga-toxin) are found on such islands and are composed of 5 B subunits surounding an active A component, which is transported into the cell after the

E. coli or Escherichia coli are a kind of bacteria that affects the intestinal or the digestive system of a human being, which can even lead to death. It is one of the subgroup of fecal coliform bacteria. E. coli O157:H7 is that toxic microorganism or bacteria which causes the intestinal disease in the human beings which is most likely to last about a week. The common symptoms of these diseases are that the patient will have diarrhea with blood (Clermont, Bonacorsi and Bingen 2000). However, the serve cases of this disease may lead to kidney problems, which can lead to death especially when the patient is a child or an elderly person. That is, it can act severely in those patients who have does not have a strong immune system. Some types of E. coli are normally found in the intestines of people and animals

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria usually found in warm blooded organisms such as human and animal intestines. Although there are large groups of E.coli, most strains are harmless. Other strains of the bacteria may cause diarrhea, respiratory illnesses and food poisoning. Some strains such as O157:H7 can cause kidney failure or severe anemia. Exposure to E.coli can be in the form of food, water, undercooked meat and even raw vegetables. Symptoms may include: nausea and vomiting, severe stomach cramps and stomach tenderness, diarrhea containing blood.

2. List what it is caused by (specific scientific and common names of the organism: Escherichia coli

E. coli are usually harmless, but can cause urinary tract infections, respiratory illnesses and other illnesses. This bacterium is also beneficial to humans and are part of our natural intestinal microflora, but E. coli can also lead to mild to serious illnesses in the human body. Disease causing E. coli are grouped according to the ways they cause illnesses. Escherichia coli is spread when people consume at-risk foods, these include foods such as undercooked ground beef, produce that have come into contact with fecal matter, contaminated water and unpasteurized dairy and juice products. This bacterium can also spread from person to person by unwashed hands, contaminated surfaces (fomites) and pond water.

Escherichia Coli, or E. coli, resides in the large intestine where it assists digestion and make up essential molecules like Vitamin K. For the most part, E. Coli poses no threat although there are few disease causing strains that can cause mild to severe food poisoning by finding its way into food supply (Timmons, Trzepacz, Duboinis-Gray). Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, or EPEC, is a strain of diseasing causing E. Coli that is the leading cause of death in children with diarrhea in many parts of the world. EPEC colonizes in the intestine allowing the host to be invaded which can spread from person to person (Pearson, Wong fok Lung, Hartland, Giogha). Another strain of disease causing E. Coli also causes diarrhea in children is the DEC

Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacillus that is facultatively anaerobic and which is classified as part of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is most commonly found in the lower intestines of warm blooded organisms although it is capable of surviving outside of the host for an extended time and may be spread through contact of infected fecal matter as well as personal contact with an infected host. Several strains of E. coli live in endotherms as part of the normal flora of the gut and provide their hosts with benefits such as the production of vitamin K2 and the prevention of establishment of the intestines by pathogenic bacteria thereby forming a mutualistic relationship with their hosts. There are five strains of E. coli which can cause gastroenteritis in people through the production of shiga toxins leading to illness and even death. However E. coli has been a large part of many valuable contributions to science for the last 60 years due to its genetic simplicity as well as its fast growth and inexpensive culturing requirements.

Escherichia Coli is one kind of bacteria that lives in the humans and animals’ alimentary tracts, most often find in the intestines. E. Coli is the short term of Escherichia Coli that commonly used by people. There are many types of E. Coli bacteria and most of them are not harmful and can be found in the healthy intestines of people and animals. But, there is one particular type of E. Coli bacteria called “E. Coli O157:H7” may cause serious diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, or vomiting. Children or elderly people that infected with E. Coli O157:H7 may even have the serious complications, such as anemia, kidney failure, and lead to death.

EIEC (enteroinvasive E. coli) invades the host’s epithelial cells and results in shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). The diarrhea from this infection is less severe, but the condition can escalate dangerously.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes a type of intestinal sickness termed voyager 's looseness of the bowels (diarrhea), which influences almost every populace around the world. As a rule, this illness is self-restricting in healthy adult, despite the fact that antibiotics are regularly recommended. Notwithstanding traveller’s diarrhea, ETEC can bring about illness side effects clinically indistinct from cholera created by Vibrio cholerae. ETEC is endemic in numerous creating nations, including Mexico and Bangladesh, and is regularly experienced by travelers, individuals from the military, or different visitors travelling around. Due to poor surveillance, mortality because of ETEC is hard to gauge, yet there are accepted to be no less than 400,000 ETEC-related deaths in children less than 5 years old every year, with incalculable others likely grouped just as death because of diarrhea. Human ETEC strains are firmly identified with various confines taken from pigs experiencing diarrhea, with both sorts of ETEC sharing various pathogenic elements and destructiveness elements, including heat labile enterotoxin (LT). On the other hand, human and porcine ETECs show strong host tendencies that are comprehended to be because of the statement of fimbriae with particular tropisms.

E. coli ST131 is primarily an extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) harbouring viru-lence genes required for successful pathogenic invasion of a human or animal host. These virulence genes allow the clone to do the following: to attach; to avoid and/or subvert host defense mechanisms within extraintestinal sites; to scavenge limiting nutri-ents, such as iron, from the host; and to incite a noxious host inflammatory response, cumulatively leading to extraintestinal diseases12.

Virulence Factors: The most important virulence factor of S. aureus is the specific surface proteins that allow the organism to attach to host proteins. The surface proteins of this bacterium allow it to attach to host proteins such as laminin and fibronectin, which form the extracellular matrix of epithelial and endothelial cells. S. aureus also produces a number of membrane damaging toxins that allow the organism to further invade and harm the host, of which the alpha- toxin is the most well studied and is the protein responsible for septic shock. The alpha- toxin is a protein that binds to a specific receptor in platelets and monocytes in humans, forming pores that eventually destroy the cell.