The Ecology Of The Cookie Cutter Shark

The maximum depth is at a distance of about 80 km from the shoreline. The nearly horizontal continental shelf extends westward from the shoreline about 10 km before the profile of the ocean bottom indicates a relatively steep decline that continues until the maximum depth is reached. According to Figure 1, this decline primarily composes the [(continental rise)(continental slope)(abyssal plain)].

As Abraham Lincoln once declared, “Be sure you put your feet in the right place, then stand firm.” Nevertheless, there are many people who embody this quote in our everyday lives and even in literature. In the short story The Truth About Sharks composed by Joan Bauer, it perfectly elucidates such a character. In this short story the main character Beth is forced to go to her Uncle Al’s birthday party although she doesn’t want to. She also doesn’t have anything she thinks she can wear; therefore, she goes to a department store called Mitchel Gail’s where she finds a pair of black pants she likes. While she enters the store, she passed the sentinel and there was a sign that read, “Shoplifters will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law.” Beth thought that

Marine waters cover approximately four-fifths of the surface of the Earth. Such places are considered as an ecosystem because the plant life supports the animal life and vice versa. Marine ecosystems usually have quite a large biodiversity and are therefore thought to have a good resistance against invasive/introduced species. Sharks play a very important role in the oceans in a way that an average fish does not/can not. Sharks are at the top of the food chain and/or food web in virtually every single part of every ocean (Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Southern). Sharks keep the populations of other fish healthy and in proper proportion for the marine ecosystem; therefore if the shark population keeps decreasing there would be overpopulating species of fish and other food consumed by sharks. This could then lead on to cause many problems to the plant life as well, as some omnivorous animals may be forced to have a diet of strictly plants, which

The Eastern Grey Nurse Shark inhabits Australia as a genetically distinct population from its Western counterpart, and has been labeled a “Critically Endangered” animal by the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act of 1999 ("Australian Threatened Species”). The population is found along the coast of Queensland and Narooma, the southern area of New South Wales, and various efforts have been put in place to conserve the species (“Grey Nurse Shark,” 2016). As such, the conservation methods put in place are not sufficient and further steps are necessary to allow the species to recover from its human-induced endangerment.

Scientist in order to measure the depth of the ocean use “Bomb Sounding” this is where they throw TNT into trenches and from the echo that it gives the scientist than approximate its depth. “Recent expeditions such as the HADES project in the Pacific suggest that fish are not found below 27,560 feet. But the hadal zone extends to 36,000 feet”, (Cock-Starkey 9). The development of the “DeepSea Challenger” allowed the ability for scientist to travel down the trench to collect rocks, sediments,and biological samples. Scientist from Scripps Institute Oceanography, University of Hawai’i, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory all joined in into the DeepSea Challenger setting their research on marine biology, microbiology, astrobiology, marine geology and geophysics. Living in the deepest part of ocean surfaced thoughts of marine life being non-existent because of the lethal conditions it has , but past findings of marine life as deep as 27,560 feet shook scientist. Marine adaptation has grown because of the frequent findings of marine life such as the following: Frilled Shark (5,000 ft), Giant Spider Crab (estimate 1,000 ft), Atlantic Wolffish Pair (1,600 ft), Fangtooth Fish (16,500 ft), Six-Gill Shark (8,200 ft) and etc. All these deep sea creatures have adapted to low oxygen levels and the lightless depth of the

The scientific community views sharks as important top predators in the oceanic food chain and as misunderstood creatures of the

Blacktip Reef sharks can be located at warm places (59F to 75F) such as, the coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific and eastern Mediterranean, where they keep themselves mostly in the shallow warm waters and where they remain near their food supply. Some locations in where

While most people were gathering their torches and sharpening their pitch-forks, set on destroying the oceans equivalent of a troll, those of a different nature began to group together and invest countless amounts of time and money to learn more about them. In the wake of Jaws, a whole constellation of dedicated shark research programs were begun or renewed. This resulted in numerous scientific conferences to allow researchers to share their results and collaborate on more ambitious projects. Rather than putting their prime focus on shark attacks, these meetings concentrated on shark systematics, physiology, life history, ecology, fisheries management and conservation. It is doubtful that this much fascination, be it fearful or curious, and funding would have had been available to support modern shark research had it not been for Jaws.

The predator role of the shark is invaluable to marine life. The Institute of Oceanography at The University of California developed a model of a Caribbean Marie ecosystem to research predator prey interaction. The food web created encompassed 250 species including sharks. The researchers found more than 3,000 links between the species. This gave researchers a better understanding of sharks and their significants as well as the consequences of human activity towards sharks. The over fishing of sharks is primarily attributed to shark finning; an inhumane activity that involves slicing off the shark’s fins while still alive and throwing the rest of its body back into the ocean where it can take days to die. Although shark fin is used in many asian traditions, supporting a global ban that strictly regulates shark finning will help save these magnificent creatures, local economies, and the ecosystem.

The great white shark is the top robber of the food chain and completes an important task in maintaining the ecological balance in the ocean. The great white shark exists about consistent for millions of years and has adjusted to its environment. But now there is a threat that it will be extinct by us humans. Many sharks prey on fish, eating the old, sick or weak, and strengthening the gene pool while stopping the fish from demolishing their habitats. Their presence can constrain prey species enough to break up the population, preventing overgrazing of the habitat. Because of this, scientists have classified them as keystone species, meaning that their removal can destroy the entire ecosystem, affecting not just the animals that live in the

In the words of Julia “overexploitation threatens the future of many large vertebrates” (Buam et al.). For many years sharks have fallen victim to over fishing, pollution related death, and wasteful culling. According to Sullivan, Twenty percent of the world’s shark population is currently threatened with extinction. According

But the environment also has to interact with the organism. Many things in the tropical and subtropical things interact with the Great White Shark. Living things that interact with the organisms are called biotic factors. One biotic factor is the amount of prey the shark can find. If the shark can’t find any fish or they escape from the shark he might be affected in negative ways. Another biotic factor is if there are any human hunters in the area. If there are some human hunters in the area the shark has to be careful so he doesn’t get caught. And the final biotic factor I will tell you about are symbiotic relationships. The shark doesn’t eat all fish, and one of the types of fish the shark doesn’t eat is the remora fish. The smaller ones cling to the shark and eat the scraps of food the shark drops but it also feeds of the parasites on the sharks skin and in the shark's

Life on the deep sea-floor is minimal to none, the temperature of the sea at those levels is close to freezing. Such extremely cold water slows biochemical processes like chemosynthesis. Since they live in such deep waters, human activity has very little impact on their population which leads them to a lifespan of 15 to 30 years. However, there are oxygen-deprived zones where life hangs on and life is scarce; there are already hypoxic zones which means that there are some organisms out there living in an environment with low oxygen levels which is making life scarce. In some areas, however, deep-sea benthos are full of life and communities because hydrothermal vents and deep water coral reefs support diverse ecosystems. The animals that are

Introduction: Hey everyone, I’m Nino and today I will informing you all about the most fierce and feared predator in the sea. In this speech I will be discussing the evolution, the physiology, its ecological niche and propose a postulate for the future health and survival of the Great White Shark. The Great White is scientifically known as the Carcharodon carcharias and is considered a carnivorous killing machine which is at the top of its food chain. This fish has been around for hundreds of millions of years and its evolution has enabled it to develop some extraordinary abilities

There is a need for shark research to be done worldwide (“Science”). Even though South Africa is a popular spot for ecotourism, “tourism to areas of ecological interest (typically exotic and often threatened natural environments), especially to support conservation efforts and observe wildlife,” there is