The Economic Causes Of The First Anglo-Dutch War

”(Foner 117) By the end of the 17th century, commerce was the foundation of empire and the leading cause of competition between European empires. Explain how the North American colonies were directly linked to Atlantic commerce by laws and

The Navigation Acts were laws stating that any good imported into England and Scotland from Europe needed to be imported on British or American ships. Great Britain was able to create a vast trading and colonial empire because colonists had to export their own products on American or British ships, and they had to buy goods from Great

Navigation Acts- During the reign of Charles II, these acts were devised to allow English control of colonial trade. The Navigation Act of 1651 required hat goods be carried on ships owned by English or Colonial merchants. Later on, the acts kept the British sugar trade in hands of British merchants.

To insure that the American colonies would contribute to this overall sense of British wealth, various Navigation Acts were passed beginning in 1650 to regulate trade between the colonies, England, and the rest of the world. In many cases, ships carrying American products to other European countries had to stop in England first to pay duties before continuing onward. Also, goods traveling to and from America had to be

This clearly put a strain on their economic relationship and both sides’ biases are ultimately going to lead to the Revolutionary War.

King Philips War took place from 1675-1676. This was not a long war, but was very devastating for both the Native Americans and colonists. This war took place in New England, and was the most devastating war between the Native Americans and colonists during this time (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia 2016). King Philip wasn’t even a king during this war, and there was no involvement from a King Philip. The name King Philip came from the son of Massasoit that the English called and also the chief of the Wampanoag tribe, his name to the tribe was Metacomet, Metacom, or Pometacom (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia 2016). Many factors led up to this war. The Native Americans did not always show hate to the colonists, but once Metacomet came to power

The extent to which the conflict between Great Britain and her North American colonies was economic in origin rather than rooted in political and social controversies and differences. For example, the imposement on trade and taxation on imports and exports.

England, in an effort to establish greater control over North American colonies in the mid-1600s under the rule of King Charles II, implemented the Navigation Acts to regulate colonial commerce, along with increased British law in North America, most notably in New England. The Navigation Acts essentially created a monopoly in which colonial settlements could only trade with England, thus contributing to England's overall wealth and power, according to the theory of mercantilism. Before King Charles II passed the Navigational Acts, the English Parliament created laws that kept Dutch ships out of the American colonies, limiting some colonial trade opportunity. The first of these Navigational Acts kept the colonies from trading with any nation other than England, along with requiring the colonists that grew tobacco to only sell it to England. The second act required any country that wished to trade with the colonies go through England first, giving England an opportunity to tax them.

In the beginning of the 19th century the British began to trade opium, an illegal drug, for tea with China which caused, “...the first Opium War...which resulted in a Chinese defeat and the expansion of British trading privileges...”This discrepancy in the trading relationship between the Chinese and the British caused China’s to forfeit their trading territory to the British. The outcome of the Opium War was a setback for the Chinese. Places where the Chinese previously conducted business was no longer available. Economical wars were not uncommon: “During the mercantilist period…a military...would deter attacks by other countries and aid its own territorial expansion.” The focus of many governments became to protect their economy by constantly gaining more territory to increase business. The change of China’s trade routes could have negatively affected the economy. If the Chinese economy were to weaken it could affect the economies of other countries that China interacted with. The Columbian Exchange, a network of trade routes throughout the world, caused the environment to change as, “ ...Old World crops such as wheat, barley, rice, and turnips...raveled west across the Atlantic, and New World crops...traveled east to Europe.” The exchanging of crops between the New World and the Old World, two different geographical areas,

In the 1650’s, the British government longed to embellish its authority and establish more centralized control governing its Colonies. Parliament established the Navigation Acts which only allowed British vessels to ferry

After the end of the French and Indian War in 1763 the American people had taxes placed on them by the British. The British Parliament claimed that by placing the taxes they were defending the colonies for the Americans. During the twelve years following the war, the British enacted a numerous amount of taxes that allowed them to raise revenue from the American economy. This taxing of the American people hurt the American economy and started to push the American colonists toward an independence movement so they could have a free economy. Over the course of the twelve-year period there were six acts enacted to take money from the American economy.

Oliver Cromwell established the first of the Navigation Acts in 1651. The Navigation Acts were most beneficial to England. There, the desire to increase both military power and private wealth resulted in the mercantile system of the Navigation Acts. The acts required that most goods imported from Europe into England and Scotland (Great Britain after 1707) be carried on British-owned ships with British crews or on ships of the country producing the articles. As time passed, Charles II extended them in 1660 and 1663. Although European society and economy was boosted by the New World crops and slave brought about by the Navigation Acts and the Atlantic Slave Trade, war was also brought upon them.

Originally, The English Government applied little restriction over their colonies by authorizing colonization to private interests. The Proprietors were allocated with the right to rule the colonists, with occasional royal supervision. Although, feeling the need to tax and monitor their commerce, the English Crown significantly tightened their colonial control during the late seventeenth century; in a move to turn all proprietary colonies into royal colonies. In addition, the English Government started to recognize the growing navel power of the Dutch, and ventured to eclipse their rivals in trade by establishing the Navigation Acts, and conquering key Dutch colonies. By only allowing English colonies to trade with English ships, the

During the 18th century there was a fierce competition between the British and the French colonial empires that ultimately led to The Seven Years War. The final result of the conflict favored the English who, nonetheless, were forced to make appeal to the force of the American

Since the first humans picked up rocks and killed each other, war has grown and changed, going from a way to solve small disputes to a massive enterprise involving all of a country’s resources. One example of such a war would have to be the one between Spain and England in the 1500’s. What started as a mere religious conflict soon became much more, with the full naval might of the two countries facing off. It culminated in a huge battle between the massive Spanish Armada and the much smaller English fleet. With superior strategy, ships, and confidence, the English managed to not only fend off the Spanish but handily defeat them, preventing what could have been a huge invasion and disaster. Queen Elizabeth herself came to rally the troops, giving them the confidence to triumph over the Spanish (Kallen, 2013). It is apparent that this battle was a major battle and turning point in history. If the Spanish had won, history would be completely different. It is for this reason that is can be considered a major turning point in history.