The Economic Growth Of India Essay

In 1960, West Bengal has been amongst the 3 richest states of India. Being a British capital of those times it has a strong manufacturing tradition. During the colonial period, West Bengal was one of the leading states having the highest contribution to nation’s industrial output and employment and continued this trend till the 1960’s.Post 1960, the state started losing its prominence and witnessed reduced productivity and labour militancy on a grand scale. This trend continued till the late 90’s, but the turning point came after 2000 where there has been a resurgence in the state’s industrial sector. Economic reforms and competition among states have led to renewed interest of Business groups in investing in West Bengal. This revival is evident from the upward trend

In the United States, there is the growing macroeconomic issue over the rate of economic growth. This issue consists of the potential regression of the United States, Gross Domestic Product, commonly known as GDP. GDP can be defined as the market value consisting of all the goods and services that are produced in a country that falls within the given time period, usually marked as a fiscal year. In terms of economic growth, GDP will always have a direct correlation to growth within a country. An increase in GDP will lead to an increase in the economic growth rate, and contrastingly, a decrease in GDP leads to significant decrease in economic growth rate, also known as a recession. This current macroeconomic issue is presented due to the fact that the United States is poised for a year that is associated with an economic growth rate between 0% and 1%.

The two authors argue the main issue that India is continuing to face are due to the lack of concern for citizens especially for the poor citizens and women. Dreze and Sen proceed into their work as they continue to portray the way in which the citizens of India were being oppressed by the new economic and political policies. One of the issues Dreze and Sen use as an example of how India rapid economic growth is problematic is the countries lack to foster participation for economic growth. The lack of inclusion in economic growth leads to a wealth disparity between the citizens. The authors continue on depicting several other issues another one being the lack of enhancement to the standard of living despite generating economic growth from the use of public goods. The standards of living are a huge issue with India as it signals there is a large disparity within wealth. Dreze and Sen continue to document the lack of social and living standards especially in the case of education, medical care, and physical services like clean water, electricity, drainage, and sanitation. The authors proceed to make note how without a development of a social structure within India high economic growth can harm the citizens and ultimately neglect civil, political, and social rights. Dreze and Sen then

The present buzzword for India’s development strategy is inclusive growth. The role of state and market has been crucial in achieving rapid and inclusive growth. “Inclusive growth” means an emphasis towards more equitable distribution of income and building capabilities in terms of attainment of better health and education. The general notion about the success of inclusive growth is little apprehensive. The argument is although the poor are getting richer, the rich are getting richer faster than the poor. This is problematic as it can lead to an uneven distribution of

India has been on a growth trajectory ever since the 1990s when it opened its doors to the global economy. Today, India is one of the most competitive third world countries in the world and has among the best annual growth rates in the world. Essentially, globalization in India has grappled the country with a myriad of adaptive challenges as the country struggles to keep up with the international competition. In the push for growth, there has been a need for increased labor both skilled and unskilled. Eventually, India faces the challenge of child labor as more and more children are enrolled as workers in different industries.

Rare are the moments in history when a nation suddenly captures the imagination of the world. For India, those rare moments have arrived. The country is achieving a high economic growth of over 8 per cent of its GDP annually, on a consistent basis.

The Indian society is divided into three classes: lower class, middle class and upper class (Driver and Driver, 1987). According to Beteille (2001, cited in Mawdsley, 2004), the economy driver, as well as the major consumer group in India is the middle class, which is driving the economy towards success and development. Furthermore, referred to Misra (1961), the number of the middle class has been increased explosively during the last decade and the characteristic in India is its diversity in terms of language, religion and caste. In other words, India has the most diversity of middle class in the world through calculation (ibid). To the constraints on growth and distribution of wealthy part, firstly, the faster agricultural development can raise the overall rate of growth. Secondly, the distribution of income in industry and agriculture can affect the growth rate through its effect on demand and consequent have effect on industrial investment (Dutt and Rao, 1996).

From April to June 2005, India’s GDP grew at 8.1 per cent, compared with 7.6 per cent in the same period the year before. More impressively, India is achieving this result with just half of China’s level of domestic investment in new factories and equipment, and only 10 per cent of China’s foreign direct investment…

Amartya Sen defines economic development in terms of personal freedom, freedom to choose from a range of options. While economic growth may lead to an increase in the purchasing power of people, if the country has a repressed economy, there is lack of choice and hence personal freedom in restricted. Hence once again growth has taken place without any development. While economic growth may result in an improvement in the standard of living of a relatively small proportion of the population whilst the majority of the population remains poor. It is how the economic growth is distributed amongst the population that determines the level of development.

India is the fastest growing economy, yet it home for 1/3rd of the world’s poor1. Post liberalisation in 1991, India has registered a tremendous growth in its economy. But along with this rapid growth, there has been a significant increase in the inequalities in the distribution of wealth and income. Though cities have grown rapidly, the growth in rural areas have been rather slow or stagnant.

Economic growth refers to the rate of increase in the total production of goods and services within an economy. Economic growth increases the productivity capacity of an economy, thereby allowing more wants to be satisfied. A growing economy increases employment opportunities, stimulates business enterprise and innovation. A sustained economic growth is fundamental to any nation wishing to raise its standard of living and provide a greater well being for all. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all final goods and services produced over a year. It is the total value of production within the economy. The total value of production is the total value of the final goods or services less the cost of

Over the last century China and India has had economic growth. There has been substantial deterioration in poverty in both poor countries, but much more so in China. However, that economic growth and deterioration of insufficiency was not spread equally among the lives of the poor especially as it relates to health. In comparison, the health outcome in China has been much better than that of India and has been for numerous decades. According to Kanjilal, Mazumdar, Mukherjee, and Rahman (2010) the lifespan in China had risen in 1975 to a rate that India still had not achieved in the year 2000; as an example, life expectancy rate at birth in India is currently the same as what China’s was in 1970. Additionally, 46% of the children age three and under in India are underweight, and only 8% in China; however, for children in India age five and under the mortality rate is more than two times that of China (Jones, Jones, Perry, Barclay, & Jones, 2010).

India is a developing country. The factors hindering development of the country are many. Some of them can be attributed to the low per capita income and larger chunk of the population living under the poverty line. India is a country with poor people but with rich natural resources. It can be said that the country’s potential is either the human resource or the natural resources are not adequately utilized to the maximum extent and that resulted in low per capita income. India is an agrarian economy. The economy is marred with unemployment and under employment. Since the economy is basically agrarian, disguised unemployment is also rampant among the farmer community.

Economic growth involves in an increase in the production of goods and services in an economy. Sustainable economic growth is a rate of growth that can be maintained by an economy without producing other future economic problems. Sustainable growth is desirable to households because if there is excessive growth, goods and services become more expensive, so there is a fall in savings, and if there is negative growth unemployment occurs due to a surplus of labour leading to less disposable income. For firms, sustainable growth is desirable because if the rate of growth is too high then there is a shortage in labour and difficulties too trade, or if the rate is too low then the firms’ income decreases due to a decrease in price of goods and services. Sustainable economic growth is desirable for government because if the rate of growth is too high then they will have excessive credit but if it is too low then they will be in excessive debt. It is important for NZ’s economy that has just come out of a global recession to have sustainable growth in order to maintain their standard of living relative to other countries. All aspects of the economy need to be at a balance in order to reduce resource depletion as well as ensuring the economy is still developing. The fiscal and monetary policies are two policies that can be implemented to influence an economy to achieve price stability, sustainable economic growth, and attaining full employment, the three macroeconomic of government.

Manufacturing is already seeing signs of a renewed boom in investment in diverse industries including defence, heavy engineering, power, transportation including automobiles, petroleum and petrochemicals, textiles, and food processing. Unlike in the past, where manufacturing came up in the proximity of metros and mini-metros unless there were backward area benefits or other incentives, this time around manufacturing investments are spread almost all across India. This is, of course, after evaluating attributes such as the availability of raw material, manpower and its relative costs, environment issues, supply chain and logistics issues, and market factors which render availability of fiscal incentives as just one of the many variables in the manufacturing location selection grid. The services sector is also moving beyond IT. The largest growth in the coming years will be in a host of new services including retail, healthcare, leisure and recreation, education and coaching, construction and other real estate, grooming and well-being, and travel and hospitality. This, in turn, has many dimensions, with the most important being the certainty of unprecedentedly large numbers of women entering the workforce. Further, these sectoral jobs are even more spread out across the length and breadth of both urban and