Introduction
Gibberellic Acid is a naturally occurring plant growth hormone that belongs to the gibberellin group (Gupta and Chakrabarty, 2013). Gibberellins are responsible for stem growth in plants and regulate the synthesis of proteins. Gibberellic acid is a by-product of the Gibberella Fujikuroi fungi which has the effect of causing developing rice plants’ stems to grow in such an expeditious manner that the plant collapses (John M. Riley, 1987).
The experiment’s variables include the independent variable, which is the concentration of gibberellic acid that is used to soak the seeds, and the time period of germination, as well as the dependant variable, which is the number of seeds that germinate. The control used to compare seed germination and in this situation is the sample with a gibberellic acid concentration of 0 ppm. Constants in the experiment include factors affecting seed germination such as constant temperatures where each sample receives the same temperature and in the case of variation the same amount of variation, quantity of moisture where the same amount of gibberellic acid is added to each bag corresponding to the concentration, the samples should also receive the same conditions of light, have the same sowing density, and number of seeds per square centimetre.
The aim of this practical is to investigate the effects of gibberellic acid on the germination rates of two plant species. It was hypothesised from the above information that higher
The hypothesis behind this experiment is that the Gibberellic acid has a positive growth effect on the plant and causes it grow larger in height.
The materials needed for the experiment include radish seeds, sand, a scale, paper towels, a graduated cylinder, a ruler, and plastic Ziploc bags. For the 4 experiments, 20 of the radish seeds were counted per experiment, for a total of 80 seeds. Then, the mass of each group of 20 seeds was measured. Then, the 3 experimental groups were shaken in a bag of sand. Sample A was shaken 5 times, Sample B was shaken 20 times and Sample C was shaken 40 times. For the Control group, the seeds were not shaken in a bag of sand.
We took two pots and filled soil in each of them. Then we planted twelve seeds of wheat. During this process, the sowing distance (spacing) between the seeds must be present. The plants required careful supervision to ensure careful controlled variables. Therefore, we decided that one of us will take the plant home. To water the plant we used a misting bottle that was used to spray equal amount of water in both experimental and control group in starting days meaning the first day until the fourth day. After the fourth day, the control group was watered every day and experimental group every two days. Before the plants were watered the moisture content was determined by touching by fingers. (If the soil was moist than usual, meaning more water was present in the soil, the plant would not receive any additional watering. However, due to the perfect weather conditions, this was never required. The experiment was followed as planned). For optimal growth of both plants, they were kept in direct sunlight and were placed in the following direction, 110 degrees east. After one month, the plant 's height was
The purpose of this experiment is to observe the effects of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) on the germination rate of Wisconsin Fast Plants.
Figure 1 on page 4 is a table that shows the number of seeds germinated across all replications, including the different concentrations of the solution. Figure 2 on page 4 is a bar graph showing the number of seeds germinated across the replications for the following solutions:10% Salt, 10% Vinegar, 10% Soap, 10% Fertilizer and Distilled
There are many ways to obtain seeds to grow flowers in the springtime, but not all seeds were created equal. Sunflower seeds, for example, can be bought at a garden store in a packet for $1.5 dollars per 6 gram packet, but they can also be found in bird seed for $3.53 dollars per 10 pounds. This experiment intends to find if the germination of a store bought packet of sunflower seeds matches the germination rate of sunflower seeds obtained from a bag of bird seed. While both seeds will germinate, it is believed that the bird seed will not be as robust in growth as the garden seed, due to the fact that the garden seed is made to be grown, while the bird seed is made for consumption.
The results observed do not correspond with the outcome predicted by the hypothesis. Despite the nature of the subjects of the experiments, no substantial growth was observed. Only one seed of the 36 planted germinated, and it could only survive for a period of a week. The one seed that germinated reach a height of 1.2 cm. Table 1 presents the average growth observed in each quad. Each quad had a total of 12 seeds. No seeds were removed during the course of the experiment.
The group planted a total of 8 separate pots of seeds. Two pots consisted of only seeds and those were the control group of this experiment. The other plants also consisted of radish seeds but had chemicals ammonia, vinegar, or a combination of both applied once weekly with 30ml of water being applied daily (except on the weekends). As a result, there were a total of 8 pots. Two of each variable and two of the controls.
The second step of the experiment was to soak the seeds in water overnight. This action was made to prepare the seeds for germination and making them more softer and less rigid. The seeds were placed in a bowl and were covered by tin foil. It was set up on the refrigerator to minimize any outside interference that may come to it. After a full night of absorbing the water, the seeds were ready to start the next stage.
Triggers production of other hormones, particularly ethylene and ABA, leading to leaf, abscission, abnormal growth, growth inhibition, and cell death
Gibberellins is a plant growth hormone produced in the apical meristem. They stimulate cell elongation and seed germination (Dunlop et al, 2010). As a result, gibberellins can promote the growth of taller plants and plants that flower early (Dunlop et al, 2010).
The hypothesis being tested in this experiment is that extract from alfalfa will cause a negative effect upon the germination as well as the seedling height of an onion.
Purpose: To see the effect of an acid introduced during seed germination, on the length of the plant roots. Also shows how salt can affect the seed germination. Acid can be introduced to seeds during germination if there is acid rain. Knowing the results of acid rain on seed germination will help us understand how to grow pants better, and how to have more successful germination. Salt can be introduced into a seed during germination because salt is put on roads and the salt builds up and can contaminate the soil. Knowing the effects of salt on seed germination will allow us to know for sure if the salt is affecting the plants growth or not.
Many reports have clearly demonstrated the roles of phytohormones in Pi signaling pathways (López-Bucio et al., 2005; Nacry et al., 2005). Previous work has shown that Pi starvation in plants caused a reduction in Gibberellic Acid (GA) levels and accumulation of DELLA proteins. DELLA-mediated signaling contributes to certain aspects of Pi-deficiency responses in roots, i.e. suppression of primary root growth and raise of root hairs (C. Jiang, Gao, Liao, Harberd, & Fu, 2007). Auxin is known to control GA-mediated repression of two growth-repressor DELLA proteins known as RGA and GAI (Fu & Harberd, 2003). Furthermore, it was shown that ethylene and strigolactone biosynthesis is induced in response to Pi deficiency (Nagarajan & Smith, 2011).
Active gibberellins show many physiological effects, each depending on the type of gibberellin present as well as the species of plant. Some of the physiological processes stimulated by gibberellins are: