The Effect Of Cardiovascular Disease On The Underlying Liver Disease

Cirrhosis has many causes, although the most common ones are alcoholism and chronic viral hepatitis B, and C. Cirrhosis can develop as a

Cirrhosis is the eighth leading cause of death in the United States and the thirteenth leading cause of death worldwide.1 Cirrhosis is the irreversible fibrosis of the liver characterized by hepatic architectural distortion secondary to fibrous tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.2 These anatomical changes cause hepatic vascular resistance and an increase in blood flow leading to portal hypertension. Porto-systemic collaterals develop in order to overcome the increased portal pressure gradient.3 Nitric oxide, an endogenous vasodilator is also released in effort to overcome portal pressure with the expense of causing systemic vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. As a result, a marked activation of neurohumoral vasoactive factors occurs in an effort to maintain an effective arterial blood pressure. Hypervolemia, increased cardiac index, decreased systemic vascular resistance, and systemic hypotension are manifestations of portal hypertension.3 Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), alcoholism, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are all major causes of cirrhosis.

Ideal cardiovascular health consists of seven factors, and very few individuals in the U.S. population actually meet all seven factors. The liver is also a critical organ in that it is essential for metabolic activities, and metabolic complications of the liver related to obesity result in non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease in both child and adult

Dr. Ruiz’s current research interest is combined liver and kidney transplantation and hepatorenal syndrome. He has published a total of 24 peer review articles which can be viewed at this link (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ruiz+RM.) He makes approximately four presentations a year: American Transplant Conference, Liver Disease Conference, American Association of the Study of Liver Diseases, and the American Surgical Association. Dr. Ruiz’s current activity is running the Baylor Hispanic Kidney Transplant Clinic.

4. Is it possible to know the percentage of liver cirrhosis? In other words is the organ completely affected and it's not functioning?

In the presented case scenario, we have Mr. Gil Martin who is a 55-year-old Hispanic male. He comes in to the clinic today with complaints of weakness, fatigue, and loss of appetite. A student nurse will be precepting your assessment of Mr. Martin and when collecting subjective and objective data it is important to pay close detail to all findings. Ultimately this patient was diagnosis with cirrhosis, which is an abnormal liver condition that leads to irreversible scarring of the liver (National Institute of Health [NIH], 2017), so during assessment we should pay attention to details leading to this diagnosis.

17. Cirrhosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease where the tissue becomes fibrotic. How could this disease impact the blood

This case study is about Abdul Chidiac, a 51 year old male, married with 4 children. He had a medical history of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and cirrhosis with two admissions in the last six months. He is a smoker and drinks beer, 5-6 bottles per day. As Carithers & McClain (2010) explained the patient’s medical history is another indicator of the risk for cirrhosis; the progression to cirrhosis is adaptable and may take time over weeks or many years. Cirrhosis is a liver disease characterized by permanent scarring of the

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a functional renal impairment occurring in patients with advanced acute or chronic liver disease. It develops as a result of severe renal hypoperfusion secondary to splanchnic arterial vasodilatation. Arterial vasodilatation leads to a decrease in the effective blood volume, thus multiple activations of vasoactive systems; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system [RAAS], antidiuretic hormone [ADH] release, and stimulation of sympathetic nervous system & consequently, renal vasoconstriction [1].

Cirrhosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by replacement of normal, healthy liver tissue by fibrotic scar tissue, blocking the flow of blood through the organ and preventing it from working as it should, as well as regenerative nodules leading to progressive loss of liver function. The liver, the largest organ in the body, is vital in keeping the body functioning properly. It removes or neutralizes poisons from the blood, produces immune agents to control infection, and removes germs and bacteria from the blood. It

Additionally, many chronic liver diseases can lead to cirrhosis. For example, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can lead to cirrhosis and is associated with obesity, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hereditary metabolic disorders such as hemochromatosis and Wilson disease can also lead to cirrhosis (McCance & Heuther, 2014). It seems the cause of cirrhosis is multifaceted. Additionally, many diseases can lead to cirrhosis and it is understandable why the etiology of cirrhosis has not been parsed out, especially because the cause can differ from a

Cirrhosis is the 12th leading cause of death in the United States. Cirrhosis affects one of the largest organs in the body, the liver. It is a condition that slowly worsens the liver and is unable to function normally due to chronic injury. Cirrhosis consists of four stages with the fourth stage being the most advanced stage of cirrhosis. When healthy liver cells are damaged and replaced by scar tissue (fibrosis) it’s known as a degenerative disease called cirrhosis. Chronic alcoholism is the leading cause of cirrhosis due to excessive drinking of alcohol, which causes the liver to swell. In sequence with alcoholism and hepatitis C, or alone obesity can be a risk factor in developing cirrhosis. Cirrhosis of the liver is a disease that can affect many individuals if the condition is not caught in early stages it can become deadly.

Regarding to our case scenario, there were some shred symptoms between the liver disorders and congestive heart failure (CHF) as the fatigue, weakness, chest pain, edema of the lower limb, constipation, abdominal ache, etc. However, CHF’s main symptoms are fatigue while doing activity, shortness of the breath, build up extra fluids in the lower limbs, coughing or sneezing, lack of apatite, nausea,

Alcohol abuse and hepatitis B and C are the most common causes of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis can cause weakness, loss of appetite, jaundice, itching, and fatigue, and can be diagnosed by blood tests, physical examinations, and a liver biopsy. There are many complications of cirrhosis, such as edema and ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, portal vein hypertension, hepatorenal and hepatopulmonary syndrome, hypersplenism, and liver cancer. One of the most common treatments of cirrhosis is a liver transplant. However, alcoholics have to be sober for six months to prove that they are serious about taking care of their new liver and staying sober after the

Four years ago, one of our long time family friend was diagnosed with Cirrhosis. This is a disease of the liver that causes scarring and inflammation of the liver. The liver cells affected by cirrhosis start to degenerate and affect functions of the liver. For sometime before, he had symptoms of abdominal and legs swelling, blood in the stool and was suddenly gaining weight. The doctor described his condition as end of liver stage disease that is preventing proper blood flow through the liver and recommended transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure to be performed.