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The Effect Of Chemical Substances Act On Today 's Medical Care

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Clinicians and patients recognize the tremendous importance of medications in today 's medical care. Associated with the development of the pharmaceutical industry, its consumption has been increasing, and with it, the possibility of unwanted effects or adverse reactions.

Knowledge of the way in which chemical substances act in body homeostasis and molecular actions at the molecular level are the basis for rational pharmacotherapy; However, rarely, the drugs exert their beneficial effects without causing adverse reactions. 1-3

In this regard, the adverse drug reaction is any harmful or undesirable response occurring at doses normally used in man for treatment, prophylaxis or diagnosis of a disease. Its causes can be very diverse, bizarre…show more content…
This term can be defined as the disorder of the cell 's ability to uniformly preserve normal homeostasis or adapted by the action of external or internal agents. This cell injury is reversible to some extent, but if the stimulus persists or is sufficiently intense from the beginning, the cell reaches a point of no return and suffers an irreversible injury, with consequent cell death. 7

The list of drugs that can cause cell injury is beyond collection. These substances induce cell injury by one of 2 fundamental mechanisms:

- Some drugs may act directly combined with several critical molecular components or cellular organelles, which produce cell damage through a direct cytotoxic effect, such as certain chemotherapeutic agents, including antibiotics.

- Most drugs are not biologically active, but could become reactive toxic metabolites that interact with effector cells; The most important mechanism of injury is the formation of reactive free radicals.

In this way it is not surprising that the cell injury induced by these substances is serious and, at the same time, extremely rapid in its onset. Possible pharmaco-induced effects on the oral cavity include direct and indirect consequences of medications. 1,3,7-15

The oral mucosa is one of the tissues most frequently affected by drug reactions, but the teeth, the gustatory system, the salivary glands, the temporomandibular joint, the neuromuscular system, and others also present their effects.
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