The Effect Of Glycogen On A Healthy Body

Monosaccharides, also known as simple sugars, are the simplest form of carbohydrates and can either function alone or become a monomer for disaccharides or polysaccharides. Its function is to fuel molecules in a living cell as well as be used as raw materials for the synthesis of amino and fatty acids. It is formed of a singular sugar formula of CH2O. Disaccharides are used as an energy source for organisms and made up of two

High carb diets are utilized to glycogen stored in the liver and muscles. Glycogen is a

Glucose acts as an energy source for cellular functions and it comes from carbohydrates in the food we eat. Our body regulates glucose levels with a hormone called insulin. Insulin, which is produced in within the pancreas, is critical in providing balance within in our body by transporting glucose to cells. When excess glucose resides within the blood, condition known as hyperglycemia, the body’s nature course of action is to release insulin. Insulin will then transport excess glucose to the liver for storage and use it when it’s needed for hypoglycemia, low blood sugar. When the body cannot properly balance its own glucose levels, this leads to a condition called Diabetes Mellitus (DM). DM is classified into two types, Type 1 is where

Problem with storage of sugar causes low levels of blood sugar , pain in muscles and weakness.

when a person eats the regulation of blood glucose starts because pancrease releases insulin. Muscle cells and other cells are stimulated by insulin to take glucose from blood. the liver is also stimulated by insulin so glycogen can be synthesized. when glucose is moved from the blood stream and glucose storage in the liver, insulin can prevent the increase of glucose in the blood.

Carbohydrates are the most abundant organic molecules in nature. They have a variety of functions including storage form of energy inside the body, and also serve a structural component of many organisms, including cell wall of bacteria, the exoskeleton of many insects. Monosaccharides can range from simple sugars to very large molecules according to the number of carbon atoms they contain, and can also be classified by the type of carbonyl (C=0) group they have. Carbohydrates with an aldehyde (CH=0) group are termed aldoses, whereas those with keto (C=0) groups are known as ketoses (Champe, Harvey and Ferrier, 2005). Disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides contain monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds.

They’re extremely important for the body, it provides extra needed energy for the muscles and liver. They are broken down by the body, so it can sustain body process. The ratio for these atoms are 1:2:1. The simplest form of carbohydrates are monosaccharides which are made up of 3 to 6 carbon molecules. Glucose which is the most important monosaccharides is the body preferred energy resource. One’s digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose. Which is then used for energy in the cells, organs and tissue. Disaccharides such as sucrose and maltose are formed when monosaccharides are linked together using glycoside bond. Finally the largest and most complex carbohydrate are polysaccharides that is often used for energy storage. Examples would be, starch which are used in plants, cellulose in lands, glycogen in animals and chitin

The core concept being investigated is cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells convert sugar and oxygen into energy (in the form of adenosine triphosphate). This process also produces water and carbon dioxide as byproducts. This relates to the guiding question, “which food source, sucrose or maltose, is yeast most effective at acquiring energy from (measured by the rate of CO2 output from cellular respiration)?”, because the type of saccharide involved in cellular respiration determines the rate at which the yeast is able to catabolize it. Sucrose and maltose are two disaccharides which undergo different catabolic processes and use some different enzymes during catabolism, which affect the rate at which cellular respiration

Glycation is a natural chemical reaction in the body that involves combining sugar molecules to protein molecules without the help of enzymes. In contrast to similar a chemical reaction that involves enzyme-directed processes called glycosylation, glycation disrupts normal metabolic pathways. This results in the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are assocated with oxidative damage that leads to pathological changes in various organ systems.

Cell surface carbohydrates are carbohydrate chains that are bonded to lipids and proteins that are within the phospholipid bilayer of a cell. These are known as glycolipids and glycoproteins; they have carbohydrate chains protruding from them out of the cell membrane surface. They are the first molecules to be encountered and recognized by other cells, so they are used to identify the cell. Carbohydrates are used as the ligand component of glycoconjugates (glycoproteins and glycolipids) and their structure varies depending on the structure of the molecule it binds to, ranging from small saccharide units to very large polysaccharide chains. Although the carbohydrate chains are generally oligosaccharides and can either be straight or branched. Cell surface carbohydrates coat the exterior surfaces of cell membranes and extend from the phospholipid bilayer into the aqueous environment outside the cell presenting information-rich binding sites and have the potential to carry necessary information to act as markers for cellular recognition. The anomeric carbon of the carbohydrate binds to the hydroxyl group present on the lipid or protein through a covalent bond referred to as a glycosidic bond. The carbohydrate is hydrophilic and contains polar groups that enable the molecule to be soluble as it forms hydrogen

| * Carbohydrates are our main source of fuel/energy. It maintains a large percentage of our bodies functions. * Sucrose is a common disaccharide that we know as granulated sugar or ‘table sugar.’ * The most common source of sugar found in convenience foods is fructose. Mostly found as ‘high fructose corn syrup’. It is also the main sugar molecule found in fruits or fruit juices. * Fruit drinks claim to be ‘juice’ or ‘all-natural’ can be laded with high fructose corn syrup. * There are two main types of carbohydrates: simple and complex. * A simple carbohydrate is ‘simple’ or small in chemical structure that contain one or two sugar units. * An example of a simple sugar

In this report I will explain the Homeostasis of Glucose in humans. Glucose is the sugar in a human’s blood, hence it is most commonly referred to as ‘blood sugar‘. Humans need to maintain stable blood glucose levels to stay healthy, as if blood sugar levels rise too high, it can cause serious and possibly life threatening illness. Abnormal blood sugar levels can lead to serious short term problems like hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, or diabetic ketoacidosis. The purpose of blood glucose homeostasis is to maintain an effective and safe level of blood glucose in the body, despite any internal or external factors that may change - Blood glucose in the body is the main energy source, and is used by most cells in the body, this energy powers many

Living organisms need to make energy from food in order to allow rapid cell reproduction and maintain life. Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids are utilized to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a coenzyme used for an energy carrier. The primary source of carbon and energy for humans and most eukaryotes is glucose [1]. But, since it is polar in nature, glucose cannot diffuse through the plasma membrane’s lipid bilayer. This causes the need for glucose to be transported by a glucose transporter, on the plasma membrane, into the cell. After the uptake of glucose, glycolysis is used to convert the glucose into pyruvate. Glycolysis is a pathway that includes ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Homeostasis is what physiological systems in our bodies do in order to maintain a stable internal environment. Stability is held together by the coordinated responses of the components involved to any stress or unfamiliar situation that the human body is put under that could disrupt its normal functioning conditions. Homeostasis must be maintained constantly in order for our bodies to be able to function properly and not under stress which could have major effects later on in life.

Carbohydrates is an organic compounds which comprising only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. A carbohydrate is also an ideal source of energy to make glucose which is a fuel to the body. The carbohydrates that transform to glucose will immediately store in the liver and muscles to be use when it’s needed. It is divided into 4 chemical groups which are monosaccharide, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and