The Effect Of Pediatric Dosages On Human Immunodeficiency Virus Essay

As have been described above, HIV can have a potential effect on immunological cells, which are important to protect the body from additional infections such as Tuberculosis (TB), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and other viral or bacterial infections. An effective treatment is needed to reconstruct what HIV has damaged. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a common treatment to stop the viral replication and decrease the disease progression, which may lead to a vast decline of the morbidity and mortality. The standard treatment involves a combination of at least three drugs; often known as a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) where the most common types are Nucleoside reverse transcriptase

Due to the emphasis on these three measures supporting the HIV Care Continuum, grantees have seen results with over half of the reported data 80% or above. Among these three measures, 24 out of 38 grantees reported data above 90% for prescribing ART to patients. While a similar number of grantees reported data for these three measures, more grantees were successful in prescribing ART compared to viral

Both cases and controls did not have statistically significant differences in demographics, medical history, body mass index, medication use, blood pressure, fasting cholesterol and glucose. HIV infected individuals were more likely to report non-injecting illicit drug use and had higher rates of clinical lipodystrophy and greater resting heart rates. Cases showed an increased common carotid artery wall thickness diameter (mm) (Left: 0.88 ± 0.08; Right: 0.90 ± 0.10) when compared to the controls (Left: 0.83 ± 0.08, p = 0.03; Right: 0.85 ± 0.07, p = 0.046). No differences were observed in external cholesterol and glucose

Pharmacologic treatment for HIV-infected patients consists of antiretroviral (ARV) medications which cover six classes of drugs including nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), protease inhibitors (PT), a fusion inhibitor (FI), a CCR5 antagonist, and integrase

as of December 31, 1994, there were 58,448 women with AIDS in the United States.

Health care in third-world/developing countries is vastly different than that health care in first-world/developed countries. In 1994, AZT became the first approved treatment for HIV. Pertinent studies showed that prenatal administration of AZT to HIV positive pregnant and subsequent postnatal administration to their babies resulted in a reducing mother to infant transmission from 25% to 8%. This change in the course of such a devastating illness helped to alter the mindset that having HIV was a death sentence. AZT was shown to slow the spread HIV significantly. It is important to note that AZT cannot stop the spread of HIV completely, but it is a viable treatment method that attempts to control and slow the condition.

If I accompany a doctor to tell the child’s parents that their child has AIDS, I might be nervous and definitely feel empathetic. I have had several close friends get diagnosed with HIV at an early age. I would put myself in the parent’s shoes and try to think about how they are going to feel once they find out their child has AIDS. Prior to the meeting I would have find a non see though folder and try to collect some information that might be helpful to the parents such as counseling opportunity’s, more information about AIDS and how others have cope with their situation. I would also ask if the hospital chaplain could be on standby or accompany me us. Having a chaplain present can be very helpful because some people are religious and

“Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a blood-borne virus typically transmitted via sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drug paraphernalia, and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), which can occur during the birth processor during breastfeeding.” There is no cure for HIV or AIDS but over time different types of medications have been developed that slows down the advancement of the disease. AIDS is a lethal disease that is caused by HIV. HIV destroys the immune system and causes the body to not be able to fight off any diseases.

A wide variety of articles were reviewed that adopted a number of different study designs for their research. A number of different experiments were also looked at which demonstrated how resistances to certain HIV-1 anti-retrovirals are arising. As presented in the appendix, this specific section will evaluate the results from many randomized control trials (RCTs), case control studies, prospective cohort studies with and without controls, retrospective cohort studies with and without controls and cross-sectional studies.

According to Günthard et al., "antiretroviral agents remain the cornerstone of HIV treatment. All HIV-infected individuals with detectable plasma virus should receive treatment with recommended initial regimens consisting of an InSTI plus 2 NRTIs" (2016, p.192). Current antiretroviral HIV treatments focus on blocking HIV viruses at different stages of the virus life cycles. The most common classes of medications include entry inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, integrase strand transfer inhibitor and protease inhibitors. Multi-drug therapy including medications from at least 2 or 3 different classes is normally used to slow the progression of the diseases and to increases life expectancy of those patients (Chereshenev et al., 2013).

The discovery and implementation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) changed the prognosis for many with HIV from a fatal death sentence to a manageable chronic disease which enables sufferers to lead full lives. 96% of people living with HIV in the UK accessed ART treatment (Figure 2) in 2016.

Advance in medical treatment, especially antiretroviral treatment have improved quality of life and prolongs survival. Antiretroviral treatment also reduces the probability of HIV transmission by reducing virus to undetectable level. (Vernazzaa, Hirschelb, Bernasconic et al. 2008)

Khalipha M. Bility, Ph.D., Program Manager, NACP Annual HIV and AIDS Review 2007-2008, pp. 2

AIDS is caused by the HIV infection. HIV attacks the immune system, which causes it to waken, when this happens the HIV infection is considered AIDS. It causes the body to be more acceptable to diseases, infections, and cancer. There is not known cure for AIDS, but most patients survive because of treatment and new medications. This disease is deadly without treatment. To avoid the spread of AIDS, drug users should avoid reusing, or sharing needles. AIDS can be spread through the use of contaminated needles. Also, using condoms during sex can help reduce the spread of AIDS, but this is not 100% effective. People can be infected with HIV and still be completely healthy, and take their medicine every day to prevent it from getting

The emergence of drug-resistant strains of human immunodeficiency virus( HIV) and treatment failure can result from non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). (Michel Morin;2000)