The Effect Of Physiologic Stress On The Immune System

Stress Is the body’s way of responding to the hectic lives most of us live, whether good or bad. The body releases chemicals into the bloodstream, which creates a rush of energy and strength If an individual is feeling stressed. This energy can prove useful if an individual is in physical danger. Because it enables a person’s survival instinct kicks in; it is often described as ‘fight or flight.’ In addition, stress can also have a negative effect on the body, for example: suffering from stress and leaving it unchecked can contribute to health problems, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, and diabetes.

Stress has a huge impact on the immune system. The immune system is interconnected. For example the immune, nervous, and endocrine system is linked through specialized communication pathways involving hormones, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and immune cell productions. Stress reactions can directly affect the various response systems and how they handle the neuroendocrine-products. This stress reaction directly affects the hypothalamus and pituitary peptides through the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system. Some of these stressors might be life events, anxiety, and excitements.

A common form of cancer that is very popular today is lung cancer. Lung cancer is a very dangerous form that can cause problems in simple body functions. These simple body functions are short breath and general fatigue. Lung cancer is commonly formed from smokers that has been exposed to that activity for numerous years. Lung cancer can also be spread by being exposed to asbestos or other pollutants. This form of cancer has many risk factors to it. These risk factors are high levels of air pollution, arsenic drinking water, and radon gas. Radon gas is a gas that is highly radioactive and is very sensitive to the body. Once radon is exposed to the body, it has a very high respiration rate which initially divide its radioactive cells- causing more significant damage to the body.

Lung cancer is a very common to be diagnosed with and harmful to anyone who is exposed to many resources around the world: smoking (first hand and second hand) and pollution. Any resource that is made up of chemicals that are exposed into the air that people breathe, give the risk of affecting others with lung cancer. However, since smoking is the most popular way to cause lung cancer, many people are exposed to it from either firsthand or second hand. First hand smoking is when the person being affected is indirect contact with the source that is giving off the toxins, while secondhand is when the one being affected is not directly connected to the main source. Either way the chemicals and toxins that come from harmful resources soon will build up and affect one’s normal body

There are chemicals that are used in things such as pesticides and fertilizers, as well as cleaning products that have been linked to cancer. There have been studies that have shown that power lines can cause cancer. There has been evidence of cancer occurring in larger than average numbers among nonrelated children in certain geographical areas, neighborhoods and cities. Whether prenatal or infant exposure to these agents causes cancer, or whether it is a coincidence is unknown but many scientists theorize that there is a direct correlation to environmental influences in the area. Childhood cancers often occur or begin in the stem cells, which are simple cells capable of producing other types of specialized cells that the body needs. A sporadic cell change or mutation is usually what causes childhood cancer. (“Cancer in Children”) As mentioned, some cancers have been associated with repetitive exposures to specific environmental influences or risk factors. A risk factor is anything that may increase a person's chance of developing a disease. A risk factor does not necessarily cause the disease, but it may make the body less resistant to it.

Asbestos can cause a wide variety of lung diseases, including lung cancer. Asbestos and tobacco smoking will combine together to form lung cancer in the body. Radon gas, which is a radioactive gas that cannot be seen, tasted or smelled, can also play a big role in developing lung cancer. Radon gas is produced by the natural breakdown of uranium found in the earth’s crust. Radon exposure is the second main cause of lung cancer after smoking. A couple other minor risk factors of lung cancer include family history, air pollution, and vitamin A deficiency. People who do not get enough vitamin A are at an increased risk of lung cancer. Taking too much vitamin A may also increase your lung cancer risk (Bryant, 2008).

Exposure to asbestos, metal or coal gas processing, and radiation like radon gas influences lung cancer,

Hans Selye, an Austrian-Canadian endocrinologist (a doctor who treats issues with the hormones our glands release) (1936) saw that stress was the body attempting to accommodate to a stressor (as defined above). This is seen as an effective response in the short term (acute), however, serious stress-related illnesses can develop if we are open to stress for a prolonged period of time (chronic). Selye, considered the idea of General Adaptation Syndrome. This is something that sounds scary but in reality is simply our ability to adapt to stress or a specific prolonged stressor in three stages:

What causes cancer? This is a question that people ask themselves on a daily basis. There are major environmental risk factors for cancer in which people are exposed to substances that increases the development of cancer. As we maintain to be involved around the world, the environment has an independent effect on people’s health and health behavior. Cancer is well-known as the major killer throughout today’s society. There are different types of environmental risk factors for cancer which usually brings to mind things such as chemical and radiation. This disease can affect the lungs, breast, prostate, colon, and rectum which are very common around the world. The greatest risk factor people face in today’s society would not only be chemical

There are several types of environmental carcinogens that affect human health. A couple of examples of this include polluted drinking water, poor air quality, radiation, chemical pollutants, and chemicals in food. Certain regulations have been put in place to reduce exposure to known carcinogens in the workplace. Outside of your work area, people can limit their exposure to known carcinogens by testing their basement for radon, quitting smoking, limiting exposure to sun, and maintaining a healthy

It is also the most common form of lung cancer in women and people younger than 45. As with other forms of lung cancer, your risk of Adenocarcinoma increases if you smoke. “Smoking cigarettes is by far the leading risk factor for lung cancer. In fact, cigarette smokers are 13 times more likely to develop lung cancer than nonsmokers. Cigar and pipe smoking are almost as likely to cause lung cancer as cigarette smoking. As well as breathing tobacco smoke, nonsmokers who inhale fumes from cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking have an increased risk of lung cancer. Those who are exposed to radon gas are prone to the inhabitance of Adenocarcinoma. Radon is a colorless, odorless radioactive gas formed in the ground. It seeps into the lower floors of homes and other buildings and can contaminate drinking water. Radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer”(Adenocarcinoma of the Lung). It 's not clear whether elevated radon levels contribute to lung cancer in nonsmokers. But radon exposure does contribute to increased rates of lung cancer in smokers and in people who regularly breathe high amounts of the gas . “Those who are exposed to asbestos are also prone to this type of lung cancer. Asbestos is a mineral used in insulation, fireproofing materials, floor and ceiling tiles, automobile brake linings, and other products. People exposed to asbestos on the job (miners, construction workers, shipyard workers, and some auto mechanics) have a

Environmental factors play a huge role in the likelihood of getting cancer. “When someone smokes, they and

Different studies have used different methods in exploring this phenomenon. One of the articles (HHS Public Access) has explored the underlying effects by using past data, which comprised twelve studies with ALL and ten with AML cases. According to the American Association for Cancer Research article (Cancer Epidemiology), used details of German case-control have been published. The articles were pooled for analysis. Environmental Health Perspective article used all published literature that explored parental occupation and common childhood cancer in humans. Occupational exposures were obtained from job titles on birth certificates and some through interviews. Results for certain occupation-cancer association were tabulated in cases where more than one condition was attained. The use of recommended exhaust ventilation is vital in removing the contaminants produced by any activity to maintain a healthy work setting. The paper presented the successful design and construction of numerous exhaust ventilation models in a paint manufacturing factory. Various samples were taken from the breathing zone of workers who are exposed to paint environment. Occupational safety together with Health Administration analytical method was used to analyze the samples. In the article “Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,” genotoxicity has been evaluated using the alkaline Comet assay in oral mucosa cells and blood lymphocytes as well as the Micronucleus

The other environmental factor is the exposure to dangerous mineral which is asbestos, and other harmful substances. Although asbestos is a natural mineral that is mined from the earth, but still it is harmful when it is inhaled. Its particles have an effect to create lung cancer. Furthermore, if the particles are combined with the cigarette smoke it will become even more harmful to lung and highly increase the risk of acquainting lung cancer. People tend to face this material during work. So, they

Air pollution is the leading cause of respiratory diseases. Exposure to air pollutants can cause lung cancer and even asthma. Asthma can lead to death if not well treated, as it might cause difficulty in breathing. A prolonged exposure of pollutants can cause lung cancer.