The Effect Of Priming Of Optimism And The Esteem On Life Satisfaction

According to a 1993 study in the longitudinal consistency and change in self-esteem form early adolescence to early childhood by Block and Robbins, between the ages of 14 and 23 exists the potential for great changes in how the self-concept develops and is shaped. The study also concluded that more males increased their sense of self-esteem during this time than did females. After people approach the age of 30, most self-concepts remain relatively stable without significant conscious effort (Adler, Rosenfeld, Proctor 63). A realistic self-concept should change over time as it reflects the reality of current circumstances and previous experiences. The tendency, however, is to resist those changes and instead seek out others than confirm the self-concept. The powerful effect that

“According to the dictionary definition, To esteem a thing is to prize it, to set a high mental valuation upon it; when applied to persons, esteem carries also the warmer interest of approval, cordiality, and affection” (Blascovich, 1991). Self-esteem is essentially used to not only describe an individual 's sense of self-worth but also there personal value. This is most often times described as a personality trait, requiring validation of ones emotional and behavioral needs that fulfill numerous beliefs about an individuals sense of self. Not only is self-esteem a fundamental need for ones development but it is also significant to ones survival. Self-esteem not only occurs in alliance with an individual 's feelings and behaviors, but also with ones actions and thoughts. “To achieve personal satisfaction, a person has to be able to express his/her real self in social interaction and receive social recognition for it” (Amichai-Hamburger, 2002). If an individual is unable to express themselves, they will attempt to find a structure where she or he will be able to express their needs as well as personality. There levels of shyness as well as self-confidence are not fixed states and are able to be changed over any given amount of time (Manning, 1993).

Self-Esteem can be harmful and make people very self centered, but others lack confidence and need a boost of self-esteem. Self-esteem is a very important factor in various reasons that happens in people’s daily life. With no type of thought people don’t think or take self-esteem with importance without realizing that self-esteem is a huge thing that us humans depend for our daily activities. Some shifts that have happened toward self- esteem over the past few decades were the fact that many people don’t really get an effect of having a boost of self-esteem in order for them to reach success. Therefore, self-esteem is not important in the success of individuals but it is important in their well being and psychological health.

The concept of self esteem is widespread in life. When it comes to academics and extracurricular actives people associate high self esteem is necessary for success. Society makes promoting self esteem an important goal. With that in mind, it is surprising that only recently scientific literature began providing insight into the nature of development of self esteem.

It is said that we internalise information we gain from the world and then we build it into our sense of self. In other words, when we human are praised and shown love and respect we gain high self-esteem and we forget about it and it doesn’t bother us. However, when we are cussed and something bad is said about us, we tend to think about it not forgetting it and those who experience this would have a low self-esteem. It is also said that those with low self-esteem others can increase it.

Base on the self confidence survey, we can realize that a person’s level of self confidence recognizes that she/he is responsible for the decisions that she/he makes. If a person believes they can achieve something, then they will. But low esteem will pull them down and it will be

Nevertheless, the enhancing of the wellbeing is a question that begged for research. So, Scheier and colleagues focused on various aspects of situations in their research and measured the level of optimism derived from these situations. It turned out that positivity enhances wellbeing due to high embracement of optimism. The article supports the articulation that there is power to positive thinking although it is not that simple and direct. All, believing in the good that future holds is crucial in relating to the many aspects of life.

Life can become dull, monotonous, unsatisfying and hard to endure. It is frequent for people to reach a point in their lives where they no longer have meaning, where they might feel like they have not achieved anything and their expectations have not been fulfilled, career or personal wise. These matters can produce a negative impact on a person’s self-esteem and confidence. Deriving in frustration and disappointment. In order to deal with this situation, some people look for a way out and attempt to compensate for what is lacking in the real world.

The authors found that self-esteem can be increased via classic conditioning. Consequently, they found that low self-esteem can be raised by applying basic learning principles (Baccus, Baldwin, & Packer, 2004). Their findings support the theory that self-acceptance is influenced by positive feedback from other people. These findings may initiate an effort to research possible methods to increase self-esteem as a means of ridding society of the various social ills that are thought to be caused by low self-esteem. Therefore, future research should also include the effect of the conditioning task on various aspects of social behavior. This in turn, will help determine the amount of influence, if any, that self-esteem has on behavior. The results also suggest that implicit low self-esteem is not permanent and can be modified (Baccus, Baldwin, & Packer, 2004). This provides hope that individuals suffering from implicit low self-esteem can find relief by receiving treatment to increase their self-esteem in an effort to experience a greater sense of well being. This potentially could lead to a method for treating depression.

In a study by Guan (et al., 2015), the goal was to test how self-esteem affected people in regards to MS’ effect on self-face processing. Participants were primed with either MS or NA statements. Then they were briefly shown random faces on a screen (self-face and friend-faces) and asked to identify the orientation of the face, left or right, but ignore self-face In another activity, they were told the same instructions but they should ignore friend-face instead (Guan et al., 2015). To determine whether participants had high or low self-esteem, they were given the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. In the end, Guan and associates (2015) concluded that MS could weaken self-face processing in low self-esteem individuals but not so much for those with higher self-esteem. They suggests that “MS effect on self-processing is not the paradigm design, but of the consciousness of the self” (Guan et al.,

The idea of self is a significant part of every individual’s life. The way we visualise ourselves can be altered by feelings of self worth and self esteem and lead to a change or influence in the way we act. The evaluation of one’s attitude towards self can be seen to be improved by the individual believing they are worthy which could lead to a self fulfilling prophecy. The better-than-average effect can depict this theory by assessing individuals on their motivational bias and attributes (Brown, 2011). In this particular study, participants are given a questionnaire regarding ten traits, half of high importance and half of low importance. They were then told to rate these attributes on importance of possession. As predicted, the results show that the

Optimism can be defined as “Hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something” (en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition, n.d.) or more specifically as “extent to which people hold generalized favorable expectancies for their future” (Birkeland, Blix, & Heir, 2007). It’s a characteristic trait which is unique and observed in certain individuals. It’s a form of mental state in which, one believes that the outcome of some specific task or result, will be positive or good. A widely used idiom for explaining optimism over pessimism, in a simplified manner is by illustrating the example of a glass with water at the half point. In this specific scenario, an optimistic person is said to observe the glass as half full because of

Satisfaction with life a very useful measure to understand whether or not one needs to change their ways of life in order to be more fulfilled. The purpose of the study is to extrapolate the correlation between satisfaction with life and extroversion, satisfaction with life and fear of negative evaluation, and satisfaction with life and mate-seeking. For satisfaction with life, I used the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and SPSS was employed to statically evaluate the results. The results indicate that satisfaction with life is positively correlated

Learned optimism is the idea that a positive emotional state of mind can be cultivated, by constantly challenging negative thoughts. A theorem based on cognitive behavioral thinking ‘CBT’, the ABCDE model provides the basis for this discussion. The ABCDE model is essential as it provides immediate benefits in regards to building optimism by recognising and disputing negative thoughts. This process allows people to recognize how you can think about situations, allowing them to create new patterns of thinking, reinforce positive thought patterns and challenge negative ones. These processes are essential in the goal of the ABCDE model, granting the opportunity to analyse all the opportunities before accepting established perceptions of events

This study aims to examine whether the answer to one question can prime the answer to another question; specifically, researchers wish to investigate whether order effects occur in questionnaires. An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that when positive self-esteem statements are asked first (Condition 1), participants would subsequently rate their critical question on life satisfaction higher compared to if participants are asked to rate their life satisfaction first (Condition 2). A correlational analysis was used to obtain a Pearson’s r value for each condition which serves as the dependent variable. The questionnaire used in the study was adapted from Rosenberg’s (1965) Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Self-esteem was selected as whilst it is a logical link to life satisfaction, they are not causally related, demonstrating that results are caused by question order effect and not a fundamental association between the answers to the questions. Baumeister, Campbell, Krueger and Vohs (2003) found that high self-esteem does not prevent children from risky behaviours and may alternatively fosters experimentation. Thus, general effects of self-esteem are negligible in relation to life satisfaction (Baumeister et al., 2003). A difference was found between Condition 1