The Effect of Heat and Growth on the Survival of Bacteria

A big component in the growth of bacteria is space and the available(science360.com,2010). Another factor in the growth of bacteria is if the cell will live inside humans or other environments(science360.com,2010). All microorganisms are similar when saying that they differ in the conditions needed to grow. For example, Organisms such as anaerobes grow best in an environment that lacks oxygen (science360.com,2010). These factors and examples of bacteria growth are going to help us better understand the things needed to grow

this means that is the optimal temperature, but in bacterial occur in less time than in fungal

When reflecting back to experiment 3, Aseptic Technique and Culturing Microbes, I realized the large amount of microorganisms that can be found in everyday life. Many different types are found with in the human body. Theses experiments focused on two types of bacteria. First was Staphylococcus epidermidis, found on the skin, and second was Lactobacillus acidophilus, found in the gastrointestinal tract. Both have similar needs for growth when it comes to temperature, however, different growth environments are used.

E.coli O157:H7 bacteria was discovered in 1885 by a German scientist Theodor Escherich, his discovery also found that strands of the bacteria caused infants diarrhea and gastroenteritis which made this an important health discovery.” E. coli is one of the most frequent causes of many common bacterial infections, including cholecystitis bacteremia, cholangitis, urinary tract infection (UTI), and traveler's diarrhea, and other clinical infections such as neonatal meningitis and pneumonia.” Says the food poison journal, All You Need To Know About E. coli. The bacteria was first called bacterium coli but then was changed to Escherichia coli to honor the scientist that discovered it. There are over 700 serotypes of E. coli that are identified and not all of the ones identified are necessarily cause diseases in us humans, some help us and some give us infections. This disease is responsible for a big amount of contaminated foods and drinks. Foods that are

It was observed when classifying micro-organisms to gram-negatives and positive. Gram-negative (Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp.) were more prevalent in hot (41%, n=7), presented in the same number and percentage of cases for both dry and wet seasons (29%, n=7).

Grow in very diverse conditions, which explain way they are found nearly everywhere on Earth. Although bacteria are good at adapting to their environments certain conditions promote bacterial growth, more than others . These conditions include temperature , moisture, and environmental oxygen. Understanding the conditions for bacterial growth can potentially help reduce the risk for bacterial growth can potentially help reduce the risk for bacterial infections and food poisoning. Most disease causing bacteria thrive in warm temperature, especially those close to body temperature. The human body , therefore , provides an ideal enviroment for many types of bacteria to grow. Bacteria need water (moisture) to grow and die without a water source,

- The isolated colony was then inoculated with nutrient broth and incubated again at 370c for 24hours in anaerobic conditions. The bacterial growth was checked by changes in the broth turbidity.

Warm stagnant water is the ideal environment where the bacteria grow. At temperatures between 78F-108 F the organism can multiply. The common types of water are of concern are whirlpool bath, faucets, water mist from cooling towers or evaporative condensers, misters, large plumbing system, and decorative fountains.

Chilly adjusted (psychrophilic and psychrotrophic) microorganisms are recognized from mesophiles which their capacity to develop at low temperatures. They are generally conveyed in nature. Their reaction to high temperatures was demonstrated to be disturbance in protein union by failure of RNA development, modifications of the structure of nucleic acids, inactivation of thermo labile catalysts, enactment of lytic chemicals, changes of the cell morphology, hindrance of cell division and instigation of warmth stun proteins. At low temperatures, among other physiological attributes, psychrophiles and psychrotrophs have slower metabolic rates and higher synergist efficiencies than mesophiles. The Cold-adjusted microorganisms have a significant

: All bacteria have an optimum environment and temperature in which they thrive the most. Most bacteria grow within a particular temperature range each with a minimum, maximum and optimal temperature. When a bacteria is grown below its optimal temperate, the metabolic process occurs more slowly, therefore not allowing the bacteria to grow to its potential. When a bacterium is grown above its optimal temperature the enzymes become denatured therefore slowing the process of growth. Bacteria have three different classifications based on growth and temperature properties; psychrotroph, mesophile, thermophile. Thermophiles thrive in hot/warm conditions due to an enzyme that allows them to be non readily destroyed or deactivated by heat. A thermophile

The graphs of the data presented that the percent coverage increased at a non-constant rate until reaching around optimal temperature (38.5°C) and decreased afterwards. The graphs also showed that the number of colonies initially increased to 25, but then decreased by 19 and then increased by 13. For both the number of colonies and percent coverage, there was no bacterial growth at 12°C. Consequently, there are no error bars because the percent coverage and colonial growth was always 0 at this temperature. Both trend lines are represented as polynomial curves. The equation for the graph comparing the number of colonies to temperature (y=.0025x3 - .2046x2 + 4.3706x) is an odd degree polynomial, meaning that the end behavior of

Isolates Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus hirae were tested for their ability to resist low pH values as follow, 25 ml of sterile MRS broth adjusted to pH 6.4, 4, 3 and 2 was inoculated using 1% (v/v) of an overnight culture, then incubated at 37ºC for 6 h. The absorbance at 620 nm was monitored using spectrophotometer (Unico, USA) at hourly intervals (Nawaz et al., 2011).

There are numerous influences that can affect the growth of a bacteria. These influences include the presence of oxygen, pH, the accessibility of water, and temperature. The abundance or lack thereof for each of these factors can determine whether a bacterial cell is able to propagate or if it will ultimately die. Additionally, the intensity of these factors can also determine the amount of growth seen. In order to observe this relationship one of the influential factors was chosen and the rate of growth was observed. Temperature was chosen for this experiment as it is perhaps one of the easiest variables to manipulate and also because every bacterial species has an optimum growth temperature. Bacteria can actually be classified by their ideal growth temperature range. Psychrophiles grow best at -5 ˚C to 15 ˚C, mesophiles grow from 20 ˚C to 45 ˚C and thermophiles grow from 45 ˚C to 80 ˚C. Determining a bacteria’s optimal growth temperature is beneficial as it can be used in both promoting or deterring its growth.

Microorganisms have developed multiple direct and indirect mechanisms that protect them against the environmental stresses they encounter. One of the most severe and widespread problems facing crop production is the degradation of soil quality due to desiccation and salinity, and almost 40% of the world’s land surface is affected by salinity-related problems (Zahran 1999, Veron, 2006). Water, and its availability, is one of the most vital environmental factors to affect the growth and survival of microorganisms (Potts 1994).

Thus, the aim of the experiment is to show the typical phases of growth of a bacterial population, Vibrio natriegens, as well as the calculation of the generation time. Also, this experiment aims to determine how the availability of oxygen affects the growth of a bacterial population, Vibrio natriegens. The population density will be determined turbidometrically.