The Effect one’s Gender and Personality has on their Ability to Identify the Emotion and Gender of a Face.

The biological level of analysis, the cognitive level of analysis, and the sociocultural level of analysis contribute to gender identity in the United States. The biological level of analysis focuses primarily on the genetic differences between males and females. For instance, regarding the biological level of analysis, one should take into consideration how human males have a different sex chromosome than human females. In addition, the physiology between males and females differ for the reason that the anatomy between them varies significantly. Physically, women and men have almost all the same body parts, but with indirect differences. In particular, both have heads, hearts, and hands. Both can think, feel, and accomplish things. But the

Article 1: (Hopper, Huber, Finklea, and Winkielman; 2014) The article Measuring Sexual Dimorphism With a Race-Gender Face Space was about measuring the different degrees of sexual dimorphism within the faces of people who are both male and female and are of the Asian and Caucasian races. The study had contained a combined total of 162 participants. 33% were males, 67% were females where 33% of the study participants were Caucasian and the rest of the 67% of the study participants were Asian. All participants were undergraduate students from the University of California, San Diego. No ages of the participants were recorded during this study. During the first study, the participants took a series of photos where they had to rate the similar face pairs on a 7-point scale with 1 being “Very different” to 7 being “Very Similar” with a program called E-Prime. E-Prime is a psychological computer software program that creates computerized experimental designs, collects data, and does various forms of data analysis in a very simplified technique while providing defined timing to ensure the accuracy of the data that was being recorded. Within the second and last experiment, 24 “morphed” faces were created from the 40 photos from the first experiment. The 40 photos were morphed by using a computer software program called FantaMorph. FantaMorph placed the photos on a 2-D race-gender plane, which eliminated any potential correlation between race and gender. The results from all three

ABSTRACT: This investigation entailed the study of wether gender will affect the reaction times when tested. The average visual reaction time for a human is 0.25 seconds (250 milliseconds) and the average touch reception is 0.15 seconds (150 milliseconds), adding both these figures gives and estimated group time of 0.40 seconds (400 milliseconds). The average reaction speed for the boys was 342 and the average reaction speed for the girls was 392, in relation to average reaction speed these results are quite accurate as the age bracket was younger and smaller than the expected averages for humans.This investigation is well related to society as the measurement of visual reaction time has been used to evaluate the processing speed of Central Nervous System and the co-ordination between the sensory and motor systems, when shown a visual stimulus.

Age and gender play a role in the rate of recognition of known and unknown stimuli. Francois Guillem and Melody Mograss (2004) conducted a continuous recognition memory task using male and female participants between the ages of 20-35 years old. Participants were shown pictures of unfamiliar faces and asked to identify whether they had or had not previously seen the face. Research shows that females have a faster recognition rate for both familiar and unfamiliar stimuli (Guillem et al,2004). Males process information or stimuli differently than females, in part due to brain structure and activation of neurons, but also because males tend to maintain less information and are quick to make decisions while females are more detail-oriented

to play a relevant role [9,10]. Thus, studies using morphed images of facial affect have

​Women maintain superiority in the following STM-related skillsets: facial recognition, verbal memory, and multi-tasking. In an experiment conducted by Knox et al., men and women were asked to examine a "virtual room" that featured photographs of faces hanging on each wall (2). Upon exiting, they were then asked to match the photos to their corresponding places on the walls of the virtual room; the men averaged 21.2% accuracy, while the women averaged 61.1% accuracy (Knox et al. 2). These results provide adequate justification as to why women are more adept at remembering things such as the location of the car keys, and identifying familiar faces in a crowd ("Sex Differences in Memory").

This study was conducted in order to observe the amount or gray matter or “thinking matter” within the brain. Out of the 116 areas of the brain being discerned, they are based on a spectrum. The spectrum ranges from a “female-end” to a “male-end”. This spectrum proved the varying areas and amounts of gray matter to be generally feminine or masculine. Oddly enough, the results proved both sexes to have a “patchwork quilt of masculine and feminine features” (Cool, 2017). Out of the 1400 subjects only 86 had consistently single-sex traits. This studied proved the brain to not have a distinct gender category or

When becoming acquainted with an individual for the first time, a decision on the person’s gender is made. Various physical features are sexually dimorphic in individuals. Males are depicted as more muscular, taller, heavier, greater distribution of hair while females tend to be smaller in muscle and have more curvature in their bodies. Bruce and Burton (1993) found that hair length and clothing are most common indications reported amongst adults and children. The issue with these ‘superficial’ cues is that they can easily be manipulated and changed with little effort. Hair length can be short or long on males and females as well as having similar clothing types. However with the absence of these cues presented to participants on photographs,

When we took the facial recognition test and the visual-spatial test I scored a 53, for the facial recognition and average for the visual-spatial test. My scores almost matched the theories about the male and female brain differences. On average it is

This paper explores the correlation between the facial blueprints of emotions and the actual emotional display they present. According to Ekman (1975), we can distinguish emotions by analyzing their facial blueprints – that is, by analyzing the facial characteristics associated with each emotion. By facial characteristics I mean any facial cues – may it be a wrinkled forehead, a crinkly nose or even blushing. All these characteristics play a crucial role in expressing any given emotional state and help us understand how others feel at a particular moment in time. It is true that facial cues can be masked or even faked in any social situation – most of the time, especially in a western culture such as ours, it is even expected that people mask

The following experiment conducted goes into detail about the influence of gender on pareidolia. Pareidolia is the “tendency to perceive a specific, often meaningful image in a random or ambiguous visual pattern” (Merriam-Webster, 2017). With this in mind, a hypothesis was generated to create a testable experiment. If a female subject is tested, then the time it takes for the obscurity to be found will be decreased when time for finding obscurities is a function of gender. The experiment began by gathering 30 test subjects-- 15 girls and 15 boys. All the subjects ages ranged from 14-18 years of age. Individually, each subject was taken into a quiet room and was given instruction to identify the obscurity within the image as quickly as possible.

According to Jason Pawlak and Dr. Cox, they've tested girls and boys. They thought that using the medium was the best way to find the value for male and female reaction times, but thought that the experiment tends to suggest that there is no difference between male and female reaction time. We thought that was incorrect since the sequence of the brain activation is different depending on the reaction time tests given, and that there could be more to it. We thought we just needed a stimuli that could trigger a reaction quickly to see the reaction time differences between the two

The aim of the present study was to investigate which hemisphere is specialised for the perception of emotion. It was hypothesised that participants will judge chimeric faces with smile presented in the left visual field as happier more often than chimeric faces with the smile presented in the right visual field. Twenty-six psychology students were asked to judge chimeric faces with one half being a smiling expression and the other half with a neutral expression. The images were presented in their left and right visual field. Over 28 experimental trials the participants were asked to judge which face they thought looked happier. The percentage of chimeric faces judged as happier for both left and right visual field was recorded. The hypothesis was supported: chimeric faces with smile presented in the left visual field as happier more often than chimeric faces with the smile presented in the right visual field.

Personality is a ‘dynamic organisation, inside the person, of psychophysical systems that crate the person’s characteristic patterns of behaviour, thoughts and feelings’ (Allport, 1961, p.11). Various terms were used to define personality across the description of individual differences from various perspectives (Maltby, Day & Macaskill, 2007, pp. 9). Personality psychology is spread wide out therefore there are significant researches done throughout to understand personality, one of the research in describing and explaining gender differences in personality. Although, this topic may seem evolved, it was not until the 1970’s when significant studies were piloted to learn gender differences in personality. To understand the emphasis and analysis of gender differences in personality, this essay will aim to approach theories and research evidence to confer the gender differences in personality. It will cover the aetiology of where these differences originated, followed by biological perspective to determine the gender of one self (male or female). Also, dig further into how personality theory of traits can explain the differences with evidence. However, firstly a brief account of male and female differences will be explained below.

New research even suggests that males and females often use different parts of their brains to perform similar tasks. One interesting application of how this affects specific behavior can be seen in the variation of gender respond to humor. By comparing brain activity over the course of funny cartoons and unfunny cartoons (as defined by test subjects), researchers observed that something funny caused increased activity in the female reward processing center while unfunny stimuli caused