The BAI [1993 Edition] was authored by Aaron T. Beck and Robert A. Steer, and is intended to measure the severity of anxiety in adults and adolescents from the age range of 17 through 80 years (Dowd, 1998). Clients respond to 21 statements assessed on a measure from 0 (Not at all) to 3 (Severely, I could barely stand it.). Each statement is an indicator of a personal, physical, or panic- related issues associated with anxiety. The client indicates how much he/she has been troubled by each issue throughout the past week including today, by marking an X to the agreeing measure of his/her anxiety symptom (Waller, 1998). The raw score is determined by adding the score for each item, which in turn determines anxiety level (Dowd, 1998). Anxiety level range from: 0-9 minimal, 10-16 mild, 17-29 moderate, and 30-63 severe (Leyfer, Ruberg, & Woodruff-Borden, 2006). Although the BAI is a brief self-report assessment, a clinician must have a qualification of level B in order to administer and score it (Waller, 1998).The test takes 5-10 minutes to administer with scoring options that include manual scoring or Q-global scoring and reporting, plus it is available to take in English or Spanish by paper and pencil, or through computer generated tests and it is suggested to be administered in an individual format (Julian, 2011). According to the Pearson Clinical Catalogue (2016), the cost for a complete kit, which includes manual and 25 record forms, is $131.00, both digital and regular
The “Age of Anxiety” is a brief description of what life was like in the years 1450-1750, an age of overflowing anxieties that lead to a violent release through widespread witch hunts. As a result of the anxiety in Europe, the persecution and torture of men and women accused of witchcraft occurred over this 300-year span. It all started with building anxieties in Europe over events such as the 1525 Peasants War and the 1618 Thirty Years War over religion, which caused unease and worry. This anxiety also appeared in the form of religious change between protestant and catholic along with the emergence of the inquisition which created the fear and paranoia of the devil who preyed on the weak and wanton, who were often seen to be the women in society.
“Anxiety is the signal of danger which mobilizes the human organism’s resources at all levels of functioning in the interests of conservation, defense, and self- preservation.” (Anxiety 1) If a person suffers from anxiety there is a major loss of control and then an attempt to regain that control because of a fear that they have. Anxiety disorders are one of the most frequently occurring mental disorders in the United States. However, anxiety disorders are not only found in the United States. They are found throughout the world. They just happen to be most predominating in the United States. In this paper, I will be discussing the generalized anxiety disorder and how if effects society today.
Adolescents today face a myriad of stressors in their lives that can impact who they are and who they will become. Bio-psychosocial stressors appear to be more prevalent in minority adolescents who reside in lower socioeconomic households. Impoverished neighborhoods experience a great deal of financial difficulties, crime, and single parent homes. Adolescents growing up in these households often have lower grades in school and a lack of self confidence verses their counterparts. Below these stressors will be discussed in greater detail.
Adam presents with a diagnosis of sever anxiety, and anger management. These were reinforced by measures that were recorded to form a baseline that consisted of the GAD-7 for anxiety, PHQ-9 for depression, PCL- for stress, and the Q LES. At baseline he presented with severe anxiety and moderate depression symptoms. The 33 item Burns Anxiety Inventory, yielded a score that was also align with severe anxiety at baseline.
To experience any form of anxiety, such as interviews, a drive in traffic, or even a first date is a natural- human experience. For instance, one begins to undergo a feeling of failure regarding specific class. Nevertheless, sometimes, the emotion, keeps us motivated and school work-orientated. Yet, now and then, anxiety can take a hold on one when intense fear and distress becomes too overwhelming; it can prevent one from doing everyday thing. As a result, anxiety disorder can be the cause (B. T. Anxiety Disorders, 2016). According to National Alliance of Mental Illness, known as NAMI (2016), anxiety disorders are a common mental health concern in the United States. Roughly, forty million adults in the United States, and eight percent of children and teenagers face some sort of a negative impact of an anxiety disorder. Consequently, people develop symptoms of anxiety disorder before the age twenty-one.
Due to the extreme changes in Vanessa’s life, the therapist has chosen to administer the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II), as well as Beck’s Anxiety Inventory Tests (BAI). Both tests will determine if the client’s feelings in the past week to two weeks are symptoms of either depression or anxiety. Depending on her score on the BDI-II, she could be experiencing minimal, mild, moderate, to severe depression. The BAI will indicate whether the client is experiencing minimal, mild, moderate, to severe anxiety. These tests should help the therapist in providing the best treatment plan for the
Anxiety is the most common mental health disorder in the United States and women are over twice as likely to suffer from anxiety than men (Kessler et al., 2005). The symptoms of anxiety can be life disrupting; affecting personal and professional relationships, sleep, appetite, health, and overall quality of life. The causes of anxiety seem ever-present and there is no indication the situation is going to improve in the immediate future. Global politics, war, domestic terrorism, rising health care costs, and economic instability are but a few of the surfeit anxiety causing stressors individuals must endure while also managing daily pressures of everyday life.
To the general public, anxiety tends to be known simply as the feeling of being overly nervous. However, in the sense of this paper, anxiety is an umbrella term for a group of psychological disorders that, while similar in many ways, can vary greatly in their symptomology. For the sake of simplicity, this paper will focus mainly on Generalized Anxiety Disorder; however, the National Institute of Mental Health (2016) states that the three most common forms of anxiety disorders are Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder, and Panic Disorder (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). In fact, these disorders are much more common than many think: according to the NIMH, the lifetime prevalence of any anxiety disorder in U.S. adults
Available research points out the fact that evidence based assessment methods are as important and evidence based treatment methods (Therrien & Hunsley 2012, p. 1). The research that I reviewed identified a variety of evidence based anxiety assessment tools. The two most commonly identified throughout the literature were the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), (Brandeis, 2016) (see Appendix B) and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), (Davis et al., 2016, p. 20). The BAI consists of twenty-one items describing anxiety symptoms and is utilized by the respondent’s self-reported responses to how much they were bothered by the symptoms in the previous week (Gillis et al., 1995: Palmer et al., 2016). The PSWQ is a sixteen item tool that measures concerns associated with anxiety (Fergus 2013; Gillis et al., 1995). Both tools have been
Perform pain assessment and monitor vital sign to determine impact of patient’s pain experience. Ask patient to rate pain on a scale of 0-10 (0 no pain, 10 being the worst).
Anxiety Disorder is a sudden feeling of qualms, uneasiness, nervousness, and anxiousness. Symptoms vary for each person. In the adolescent years anxiety shines the most. With school work, and social interaction. In our society, many people diagnose themselves with anxiety, because they are nervous, they believe they have an anxiety disorder. In the adolescent years anxiety is there, but usually mild, in today’s society, because studies show that anxiety has increased over the years. The denotation of anxiety is a sudden feeling of sickness, apprehension, paranoia. Eager and anxious are often used incorrectly, using the opposing one as the other. Anxiety means anticipation of an impending event. However, eager implies that the person looks
The items of the BAI were drawn from three earlier self-report instruments that measured various aspects of anxiety. The BAI was developed with adult psychiatric outpatients and the manual recommends using caution with other clinical populations.
This is an article that specifically looks at anxiety in the school setting for adolescents. This article starts off with a story of a girl named Samantha. Samantha is a fourteen year old student that has test taking anxiety. She feels sweaty and would see the nurse daily because of her anxiousness. The article talks about the case of Samantha being common with many students in school. The article then goes into the different characteristics such as worry. Anxiety can manifest in three different ways: behaviorally, physiologically, and cognitively. Many different behaviors that children exhibit because of anxiety are reflected their attempts to control their anxiety. When discussing anxiety, there are different causes of anxiety and
An individual that has strives to live with anxiety or an anxiety disorder faces many struggles daily because of the feelings the conditions stimulate. There are an infinite amount of symptoms, causes, and consequences, but an equal amount of treatment options and ways to handle anxiety. Anxiety disorders can be viewed as general or extremely specific, but all in all each one affects the life of a person living with one or knowing someone who struggles with it. In regards to teenagers specifically, between three and five percent children and adolescents in the United States have some sort of anxiety disorder (Foa and Andrews 2). With the many challenges teenagers already face because of pressure based on school, athletics, social
Feelings of anxiety are relatively normal especially when a person is under stress. Stress is also quite a normal occurrence in the workplace: strict regulations, difficult bosses, tough deadlines, continuous overtime, and overloading. It is not surprising that some employees develop anxiety and anxiety disorders. Stress and anxiety may be further exacerbated if the job requires handling of customers in settings like call centers. Ironically, it has been noticed that most employees who suffer from panic and anxiety disorder (PAD) are perfectionists, model employees in the company. Usually, these types of people pay strong attention to details, show extraordinary commitment to their jobs, and manifest a high degree of selflessness. An employee having sudden attacks of anxiety would display the following symptoms: difficulty in breathing, trembling, sweating, rapid heartbeat, nausea, and numbness. A common complaint during an attack is verbalized fear of having an impending heart attack. Sometimes, an employee escapes to a place where he feels safe whenever feelings of panic overwhelm him. The root of the problem is said to be the employee 's feelings of distrust. Therefore, education about the condition and communication in good faith are both needed to resolve the problem. Lack of faith on either side might harm the business relationship. Luckily, PAD can be treated using a variety of methods. An immediate solution to anxiety and panic attacks is the relaxation techniques.