The Effects Of Bullying On A Child 's Academic Work

Bullying is a situation where one person abuses power over another. Bullying is about power, control and abuse. Bully’s come in all shapes, sizes and forms. Bullying occurs throughout a human’s life span. The most-critical development stage of one’s personality is adolescence. Bullying during adolescence has been a major issue in every community. Bullying can happen in three known forms; direct, indirect, and cyber. Both gender and sexual orientation are associated with all forms of bullying. Bullying affects self-esteem and family cohesion.

Unfortunately, bullying is very common during the elementary and middle school years. In one study of 4th – 6th graders, 25% of students admitted to bullying another student several times or more often during the school term. Another study found that 80% of middle school students reported engaging in some form of bullying during the past 30 days; with 15% doing so frequently. In a national study of more than 15,000 students in grades 6 through 10, 17% reported having been bullied “sometimes” or more often during the school term, and 19% reported bullying others “sometimes” or more

Bullying often time begins early on in school age children. In order to understanding why children engage in bullying or become a victim of a bully, there are certain factors that need to be considered. Research has suggested that early socialization of children with others and home environment plays a role in displaying bullying behaviors and in victims of bullying. “ Children from harsh home environments engage in more bullying behaviors (as bullies and/or victims) than children from nurturing environments,” (Dake) The family is the initial model of socialization for children. If there’s a lack of unity, control or organization between the relationship of child and parents, then there is potential for children to act out by bullying other

Bullying is defined as “verbal, physical, or psychological abuse or teasing accompanied by real or perceived imbalance of power” and is usually targets what children perceive as different (Olweus, 1993). Bullying is prevalent across the nation. It has devastating effects on students each day. Bullying is a problem for all students, regardless of race, gender or class. The National Education Association reports that 160,000 children are absent intentionally from school each day because they fear being bullied whether it is an attack or just intimidation by other students. This accounts for 15% of all school absenteeism (Hunter, 2012). Dan Olweus (1993) from the National School Safety Center tells us that bullying includes three parts: (1)

In recent years, we have heard more and more about bullying and the alarming effects it has on our society. Bullying is defined by the Center for Disease and Control (CDC) as “any unwanted aggressive behavior(s) by another youth or group of youths who are not siblings or current dating partners that involves an observed or perceived power imbalance and is repeated multiple times or is highly likely to be repeated.” (“Featured Topic: Bullying Research” ) There are many forms of bullying, including but not limited to physical bullying, verbal bullying, and cyber and text bullying. The adverse effects can cause severe damage to the victim, including both physical and mental health issues as well as academic issues. Numerous studies

Bullying is a growing epidemic in today’s society and has become a pressing social and educational concern. It is often dismissed as typical adolescent behavior but ignoring the problem could be detrimental to the bully, the person being bullied, and even those who stand by witnessing the unkind acts but do nothing about it. Bullying can hinder academic, social, and emotional development and because it manifests in different forms, it is important to recognize the signs and address it with all parities immediately.

What is bullying? Bullying, or bully, are terms that have become so common within society that the true meaning may have lost meaning. To understand bullying in schools one should first understand what bullying is. According to David R. Dupper in his book School Bullying, a part of the School Social Work Association of America Oxford Workshop Series, bullying can be explained as unprovoked ongoing abuse of power whether physical or psychological against a person who cannot feasibly defend him or herself (9). A common mistake adults make is to think that bullying on consists of physical confrontation or verbal teasing. Dupper offers examples in his work School Bullying of often overlooked and forgotten forms of bullying including: indirect bullying (spreading rumors, manipulating friendships through third parties,) cyberbullying (which teasing, isolation, harassment, treats, humiliation are spread over the internet or mobile devices and can be mass distributed,) sexual bullying (bullying based on ones gender, sexual preference, or gender conformity,) and bias bullying ( stereotyping, bullying based on a persons’ affiliation with a certain group, faith, wealth or station.)

Bullying is a recurrent issue that can be found in many, if not all, schools across the world. It is a universal action. “Bullying is broadly defined as intentional and repeated acts that occur through direct verbal, direct physical, and indirect forms (cyberbullying), and it typically occurs in situations in which there is a power or status difference” (O’Brennan, Waasdorp, & Bradshaw, 2014). In a study done among 876 students in grades 4, 5 and 6, researchers came to the conclusion that nearly 30% of students commit acts of bullying against their classmates, with reports of bullying being two times higher than the rate of bullying itself. “Aggression and peer victimization are significant problems for many elementary and middle school students” (Jensen, Brisson, Bender &Williford, 2013). According to Lindsey M. O’Brennan, Tracy E. Waasdorp and Catherine P. Bradshaw, in their article “Strengthening Bullying Prevention Through School Staff Connectedness, they state

This usually begins in elementary school, but is often overlooked by officials because it is not viewed as a serious problem, but more as a natural matter. Bullying in elementary school consists of one kid picking on the other child's flaws or anything they think makes that child weird or different. When bullying starts to get more intense at this age level, physical bullying occurs, which involves one child hitting or punching the other. Once children enter middle school, the conditions of bullying increase tremendously. Middle school is the most intense level of bullying preteens and young adults have to face throughout their school years. In middle school, children are trying to find there way and making friends plays a crucial role. It is very easy for a bully to attack an individual and break down their self-esteem which can make it very difficult for the person being bullied to socialize. Physical bullying during middle school consists of the bully shoving kids, tripping or hitting them as they walk past them along with elementary bullying habits.When using verbal bullying, the bully tends to use words they know will make their victims self conscious about themselves. Elementary school and Middle school is when bullying is at its prime. Towards the end of the middle school,

Middle school students experience an onset of changes. The transition from elementary school, the start or puberty, and peer socialization can have adverse psychological effects on students. Due to the ongoing changes there is a typical trajectory of bullying and peer victimization from a developmental perspective is an increase and peak, during middle school years and a decrease during high school years (Klein, Cornell, & Konold, 2012). According to a recent survey published by the American Psychological Association, 38.6% of middle school students reported peer victimization,

Bullying occurs when one child tries to exert unwarranted influence over another, or the former mistreats the latter in one way or the other often due to a power play struggle between the two. Although schools have made several attempts to fight the vice particularly at the elementary level of education, the problem has persisted in some of the higher grades. According to the research by Swearer, Espelage, Vaillancourt, and Hymel (2010), bullying and teasing incidents increase in middle school environments as they have fewer structures for dealing with the vice. Incidentally, teachers do not see the need to supervise teens as they play, have lunch, or undertake other extracurricular activities as the society no longer considers them delicate. For that reason, middle school children are the most likely to experience or engage in bullying and hence suffer the related psychosocial, physiological, and academic effects.

Bullying is defined as using a form of power for the purpose of intimidation. Bullying is something that occurs in everyone’s life. Bullying can also be physical or verbal. Bullying is very prominent in adolescence. The effects bullying have on children and adolescents can sometimes end tragically if no one is able to intercede. In the article entitled, “A Developmental Perspective on Bullying”, the authors, Debra J. Pepler, Wendy M. Craig, Jennifer A. Connolly, Amy Yuile, Loren McMaster and Depeng Jiang, examine bullying in adolescence and its forms and contexts (2006). This topic can include gender comparisons, situations that are bully prone such as school transitions, and many of other aspects. The objectives, methods, and results will

Before stating the mains findings of the study it is important to mention that the researchers’ hypotheses were, that the victims of bullying in 10th grade will have lower achievement in 12th grade regardless of their race/ethnic background and that high-achieving black and Latino students, as indicated by 9th-grade GPA, will be more vulnerable to bullying. In contrast they expect that low-achieving Asian students, as indicated by 9th grade GPA, will be especially susceptible to bullying. Their main focus was to examine how bullying affects academic achievement. After conducting their research, the researchers came to the conclusion that although family background and school characteristics notably affects students’ performance, bullying also have significant influence in students’ educational achievement. As stated in the research article their studying found that bullying decreases 12th grade GPA after considering key student and school characteristics associate with achievement. Moreover, they concluded that the impact of bullying has an abiding effect on students’ academic achievement even after the bullying incident. The second finding of the study gave partial support for their second hypothesis which suggested that Asian, Black, and Latinos students were going to be more likely to experience bullying when they did not meet their stereotype. According to research Asian students are perceived to be high achievers, thus the researchers’ theory suggested

School bullying and bullying as a whole has become a growing concern. The need for more intervention is more recognized, as incidents of bullying and inappropriate acts towards others occur in places outside of the classroom. This literature takes a closer look at bullying in schools. Olwesus (2013) states “the field of bullying research is to some extent plagued by problems, disagreements, and unresolved issues” (p.752). Whether if anyone will agree on the root of bullying, the fact remains that bullying has to be examined at its very core to remedy the matter before it becomes a bigger concern. There is a dire need for intervention based programs to be set in place to address the fact the act of bullying has lasting effects on the bully and the victim. When intervention programs are put into place to address bullying, the act of bullying decreases due to the gained understanding of the effects.

Definitions of school bullying include four basic elements. First, school bullying does not happen between peers who share an equal or similar degree of power, but always involves a more powerful perpetrator intimidating a weaker subject. Bullying depends upon an imbalance of power, which can be created by any number of factors, including but not limited to physical size, age, popularity and psychological strength (Rigby, 2003;