The Effects Of Bullying On Children And Middle Adulthood Essay

Bullying at school is a big problem that is found in all the schools in the United States and across the world. Since the late 1990s there have been several fatal school shootings committed by victims of bullying that have brought bullying major media attention. This has resulted in an increase of awareness about the harmful effects on the kids being bullied as well as the bullies themselves. This has brought a large amount of local, state, and nationwide programs designed to try to prevent bullying or to at least try to contain the problem. “In an effort to adequately address the problem, many schools are taking a proactive approach through prevention and intervention, but how do we know if and when such intervention is effective? First and foremost, we must have an accurate understanding of the dynamic and complex phenomenon of bullying across development and as it spans the multiple levels of the social ecology” (Casper, Meter, & Card, 2015, par 2). Many psychologists, sociologists, and school administrators have been publishing research on school bullying. Bullying is a significant threat to many children because it causes psychological problems not only for those who get bullied but also those who do the bullying. Even though bullying is a significant problem the are few solutions that can help prevent or significantly reducing bullying like reporting bullying, know the characteristics, and passing laws.

Bullying has become a major issue in the United States and around the world. What brought the attention to people about bullying is the number of suicides that are committed by adolescents and the stories they share online or live television. Bullying is categorized to be direct verbal, direct physical, and indirect forms. Not every person has an idea how terrible bullying can be and how harmful it is to the victim. Bullying has driven students to commit actions they have never done before such as cutting themselves, suicidal thoughts, health disorders, and bad behavior. Bullying must be taken seriously, because it results in negative effects on its victims and may drive students to commit horrific actions. Lawmakers should draft anti-bullying legislation, students should stand up for one another, and society should work out what can be done to combat this problem.

Childhood bullying has increased over the years. Due to the increase, there are a lot of children who suffer from bullying. Bullying experiences can lead to many health risk. Traumatic experiences often play a major role in shaping psychological functioning. (Espelage, Hong, & Mebane, 2016) gives the readers a better understanding of how childhood bullying can linger through adulthood and cause mental health risk. (Espelage 2016) was a single case study located in the Midwest that consisted of 482 college students. The students completed a survey which measured childhood bullying, and current levels of psychological functioning. While completing the survey the students were measured in six different ways. The first measure was socio-demographic (Espelage 2016), which consisted of race/ethnicity, age, gender, and grade level. Second, (Espelage 2016) implemented history of bullying victimization by using the university of Illinois victimization scale. The third measure was poly victimization, (Espelage 2016) used the adult retrospective version of the juvenile victimization questionnaire. The fourth measure aimed towards depression and anxiety; (Espelage 2016) used the brief symptom inventory-measuring psychological symptoms in community, medical, and psychiatric samples (Derogatis 1993). The fifth measure, measured post traumatic stress by using the short PTSD rating interview (Espelage 2016) (Conner & Baudson 2001). Last, (Espelage 2016) measured missing data by using a

Bullying is defined as the prolonged malicious act of harming peers by abusing their own--or an existing imbalance of--power, and has become one of the most common sources of trauma among adolescents. One report shows that one of three children were victims of bullying during some point in their life, and that 10-14% of all adolescents were victims of chronic bullying for at least six months prior to conducting the survey. Children who were victims of bullying are also found to be at a higher risk of diagnoses for anxiety disorders and depression during young and middle adulthood. These victims are reported to be more likely to have lower levels of general/physical health and lower educational acquirements than young and middle aged adults who were not bullied (Wolke & Lereya, 2015). Because bullying is such a prominent problem, citizens, policymakers, and social scientists alike, should feel or have some social and moral obligation to address, and hopefully avert bullying.

Bullying in Australian primary schools has become an epidemic, having a negative effect on children’s learning and development (Lodge, 2014). Therefore, it is crucial that schools and teachers are aware, understand and educated on how bullying can impact children’s learning and development; to be able to effectively implement policies, respond, educate and eliminate bullying in the school environment.

Bullying takes an immense toll on a child’s life. When being bullied you can leave an individual traumatized henceforth, which can lead to long-term neurosis. Children can incorporate the baleful repercussions of bullying, which generates stress-related problems such as anxiety and depression. Furthermore, bullying causes dreadfully detrimental outcomes for the victims of bullies. Therefore, these outcomes are indistinguishable to those caused by child abuse, as wells as their potency and perseverance tend to intensify when the bullying begins at a younger age (Scarpaci, 2006). Victims of bullying suffer from lower psychological well being, poor social adjustment, also psychological distress. Many victims are targeted because they have low

Bullying has become an issue that affects “school achievement, pro-social skills, and the psychological well-being of both bullies and their victims” (Uba, Yaacob, Juhari, & Talib, 2010). According to StopBullying.gov (n.d.), some of the warning signs are that your child is coming home with damaged or missing clothing, unexplained injuries, frequently complains of feeling sick, has trouble sleeping, or runs away from home (Recognizing the warning signs). In some cases, teens and preteens are taking their own life after being bullied, so the question some have now asked is, how serious is it? Should bullying be looked at more than just rivalry among peers?

Many problems in society need public attention, bullying is one of the top problems. The problem of bullying affects everyone in some aspect whether it is by being the victim, victimizer, and both the victim and the victimizer, friend, or family member of the victim or victimizer, or just a bystander that does nothing to prevent this problem. Bullying affects people both young and old.

Bullying is continuing to grow as a problem in schools today, affecting 1 in 3 children in the United States (Shetgiri, 2013). Studies show that between 15-25% of U.S. students are bullied frequently, while 15-20% of students report that they bully others with some frequency (Nelson et al., 2001).This makes bullying an important public health problem and it is gaining more recognition as a problem affecting the well-being and psychosocial functioning of school-age children. The focus of this paper is limited to bullying during the school-age period, which includes children from six to twelve years of age.

Teenage bullying has emerged as a reoccurring problem in America. Scenes from beloved movies have moved from the big screens to hallways of our high schools. Individuals have been targeted for the way they dress, or their overall preferences as a normal human being. Bullying can be inflicted on an individual verbally or physically. At times a mix of both can occur. These negative actions have resulted in increased rates of self-harm and even leading to suicide. Teenage bullying is a significant issue in the present society we live in today and needs to be put to an end.

Bullying in Australian primary schools is a current issue affecting children’s learning and development (Ladd et al., 2012) The impact of bullying and how it effects children’s learning and development is based on the findings discussed below; bullying, types of bullying, factors contributing to bullying and the potential effects of bullying in relation to children’s learning and development in the primary school setting.

There are four types of bullying: Verbal, Emotional, Physical, and Cyber Bullying. Each of them include behaviors such as name-calling, social exclusion, hitting, sending insulting messages throughout the web, and intimidation. Children who

For my One Research Task Project I have chosen Life Orientation. The topic I have chosen to study is what is the affect bullying has on children emotionally, this topic is a sensitive topic to me as I have experienced bullying as well as the affects it has on children and young individuals of society. The definition of bullying is a repeated verbal, physical, social or psychological behavior that is harmful and involves the misuse of power by an individual or groups towards one or more persons. These are the three types of bullying that I looked at, physical, verbal and cyber bullying. Physical bullying means that it is bullying that involves physical violence, the main weapon the bully uses is their own body. Verbal bullying is a way of using words in a negative way, example of this includes insults, teasing and put downs. This form of bullying is used in order to gain power over someone else life. The term cyber bullying means to use electronic communications to bully someone, typically by sending messages that are intimidating and/ or threatening to the victim.

'It was so good to talk to someone. I thought if I told anyone - teachers or parents - the bullies would just get back at me. Other people had made things worse for themselves when their parents had complained to the school.

Not only are bullied children anxious, depressed, and underachieving during the months and years of their torment, but even years later, they have lower self-esteem as well as painful memories. 7 The picture is somewhat different, but often more ominous, for bullies. Contrary to the public perception that bullies are actually insecure and lonely, at the peak of their bullying they usually have friends who abet, fear, and admire them, and they seem brashly unapologetic about the pain they have inflicted, as they often claim, "all in fun." But their popularity and school success fade over the years, and especially if they are boys, they run a high risk of ending up in prison. In one longitudinal study done by Olweus, by age 24, two-thirds of the boys who had been bullies in the second grade were convicted of at least one felony, and one- third of those who had been bullies in the sixth through the ninth grades were already convicted of three or more crimes, often violent ones. International research likewise finds that children who are allowed to regularly victimize other children are at high risk of becoming violent offenders as adolescents and adults. 8 Unfortunately, bullying during middle childhood seems to be universal: it occurs in every nation that has been studied, is as much a problem in small