The Effects Of Osteoporosis On The Development Of The Disease

An imbalance in the regulation of bone remodeling's two contrasting events, bone resorption and bone formation, results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as OSTEOPOROSIS.

There are a plethora of health issues that contribute to bone loss, such as nutrition (low calcium consumption) and rarely engaging in exercise, people who have an unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking or extreme alcohol usage are also at risk. “Bone loss in adolescence and early adulthood can be a result of a failure to attain peak bone mineral density, and accelerated bone loss may be particularly noted around menopause and in later years” (Lin, 2014, para. 1). Though the exact cause is unknown, additional sources may include latent health disorders such as thyroid problems.

in the development and onset of this disease. Sex hormones, such as estrogen previously mentioned, as well as testosterone in men can help build and maintain healthy bones. When these hormone levels decrease, which is not uncommon in old age, the chance for osteoporosis increase significantly.

Throughout a lifetime, old bone is removed (resorption) and new bone is added (formation) to the skeleton. During childhood and teenage years, new bone is added faster than old bone is removed. Consequently, bone become larger, heavier, and denser. Bone formation continues at a pace faster than resorption until peak bone mass, which is reached around age 30. After age 30, bone resorption slowly exceeds bone formation. In women, bone loss is most rapid in the first years after menopause but persists throughout the postmenopausal years. Based on year 2000 census data, it is estimated that 55% of people age 50 and older have either osteoporosis or low bone mass. The major risk

What is osteoporosis exactly? Literally, osteoporosis means “porous bone”. Derived from oste/o, meaning bone, and –porosis, meaning the condition of being porous. It is an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. Clinically defined as a disorder characterized by compromised bone strength leading to an increased risk of fracture (Lane, 2006). Normal bone structure includes an extracellular matrix with mineralized and non-mineralized components, which gives the bones their mechanical properties, as well as collagen and mineralized osteoid cells. Calcium concentration is extremely important is determining the compressive strength of the bone (Bethel, 2015). The structure of bone in an individual with osteoporosis has lost mineralization and collagen due to a decrease in the production of these components as a result, the bones become porous and brittle. Bone is living tissue, constantly being broken down and reformed through out life. Derived from

same amount of bone being replaced is equivalent to the same amount of bone that is

Osteoporosis is referred to as the decrease in bone density and mass over time. The interior bones become progressively weaker and can cause a stooped posture. This makes the individual more susceptible to bone fractures. Osteopenia regards a condition where the bone material density is considered lower than normal. This is usually a precursor to the musculoskeletal disorder, known as osteoporosis. The term ‘osteoporosis’ means ‘porous bones’. In this case, bone is a living tissue that is continuously being broken down and replaced. Thus, osteoporosis happens when the creation of bone does not keep up with the removal of the old bone. In this disorder, the bones are diminished and deteriorated in structure. This condition is typically prevalent in older women due to an estrogen deficiency with menopause. The lack of estrogen increases bone resorption and decreases bone deposition. In addition, osteoporosis can occur with atrophy, which is caused by disuse. Additionally, osteoporosis can occur in men due to the aging process as well as patients who have received corticosteroids, which are hormones used to treat inflammatory conditions.

The bone remodeling process consists of continually removing older bone and replacing it with new bone and plays and important role in maintaining a healthy skeleton. A decrease in bone density occurs when this balance is altered, resulting in greater bone removal than replacement. This imbalance is seen greatly with advancing age and menopause. With the onset of menopause, the rate of remodeling increases and it increases the risk of fractures.

Throughout life the skeletal system is constantly changing. Bone modeling, formation and growth of bones, occurs from birth to early adulthood resulting in increase in skeletal mass and changes in skeletal form. Naturally the peak bone mass is achieved in the third decade of life, meaning the bones are at their strongest state in human development. Bone remodeling, a response to micro trauma and stress on the bone, is a dynamic process that also occurs through life. Bone is composed of collagen type 1, a protein, minerals such as calcium and phosphate and bone forming cells (osteoblasts and osteocytes) as wells as bone resorbing cells known as osteoclasts. Calcium is a main contributor of bone strength. In fact 99% of calcium is stored in bones and teeth with one percent remaining in the blood. The process of bone remodeling is activated by stressors such as weight bearing and is necessary to maintain bone mass in an adult. It’s a dynamic process in which bone resorption is always

Osteoporosis is a generalized, progressive diminution of bone tissue mass per unit volume, causing skeletal weakness, even though the ratio of mineral to organic elements is unchanged in the remaining morphologically normal bone. Histologically there is a reduction in cortical thickness and in the number and size of the trabeculae of cancellous bone, normal width of the osteoid seams. Bone reabsorption is increased, bone formation appears to be normal but be defective. The major clinical manifestations of osteoporosis are bone fractures. The most common form of metabolic bone disease is the idiopathic osteoporosis in sub-adults of both sexes with normal gonadal functions. Post menopausal osteoporosis, of course between 50 & 70 years of age, and is six times more common in women than men (pathologia). There is a much greater loss of trabecular bone (cancellous) than cortical bone. It is largely responsible for vertebral crush fracture cooles’ fractures. Senile osteoporosis occurs mainly in individuals older than 70 years of age, is twice as common in women compared to men. It affects both trabecular and cortical

Osteoporosis is a disease in which bones become brittle and lose their durable architecture. This condition can be caused as a side effect of some drugs such as corticosteroids, hormonal changes or due to nutritional deficiencies. The pathogenesis behind osteoporosis is an imbalance between bone catabolism and anabolism; which nutrition contributes greatly to. The two main nutrients that are implicated with bone turnover are calcium and vitamin D, and a deficiency in either of them can result in impaired bone matrix deposition.

During childhood, bones grow and repair very quickly, but this process gets slower as you age.

Many do not think about what makes bones so strong or even think about bones in general. To most bones are just apart of the skeleton, and hold the human body up. But what if the major bones in an individuals body became frail and began to brake from s simple fall? How would an individual maintain a normal life if their bones were susceptible to fracture from small forces? It seems like it would be nearly impossible however, with proper measures this disease referred to as osteoporosis is preventable and treatable. Various research studies have provided information on osteoporosis in order to inform the public of this growing disease to hopefully make people more aware of the simple prevention

Osteoporosis is a devastating bone disease in which bones become porous and brittle and are more susceptible to fractures; according to Johnell O and Kanis JA (2006), “Worldwide, osteoporosis causes more than 8.9 million fractures annually, resulting in an osteoporotic fracture every 3 seconds.” Osteoporosis is the result of several factors including diet and lifestyle choices, age, disease and medications, but the underlying cause is due to bone loss occurring faster than the body can replace it.

Osteoporosis is a large threat to the aging population. When looking at people over the age of 50 years old one in three women and one in five men are diagnosed with osteoporosis (Fisher 2011, p. 136). It used to be believed that osteoporosis was a condition that post-menopausal woman had but now we know that it is also in pre-menopausal women and men (Dave, 2013, p. 373). When someone has osteoporosis the bone mass is reduced and they have an increased risk for fractures and broken bones. Some risk factors associated with osteoporosis are age, history of trauma/fracture, low intake of calcium and vitamin D, backache, and low physical activity. It is a disease where the bone loses density. The bones need more calcium and mineral to keep