The Effects Of The Bystander Effect

Both events had thirty-eight witnesses. None of these bystanders intervened, meaning the murder could have been prevented in both cases, had they not been examples of the bystander effect.

Why should students help pick up fellow classmate's books that he or she dropped? Why should people give to the homeless? Why should humans become organ donors? Altruism is defined as a person's ability to go out of their way to enhance the welfare of someone else without anything in return. But it's not the "what" of altruism that is intriguing, it's the "why" that is truly fascinating. Scientist and researches may never pinpoint what makes humans exhibit altruistic behavior, but there is one thing that scientist and researches are sure about. Altruism plays an important role in running society, and the world can use more of it.

When there is an emergency, why is taking out our phones to take a picture or video the very first thing we want to do? Why do we casually walk by a person who is in trouble, and go about our business as if we did not anyone? Why do we not help or act when someone is getting, but instead we just stand in a crowd and watch? Why do we bury our moral instincts during emergencies? “We witness a problem, consider positive action, and respond by doing nothing. Why do we not help in these situations and put our moral instincts in shackles” (Keltner & Marsh, 2017). We as people are bystanders to the world around us daily, but the question is why? The answer to all the “why” questions is the bystander effect.

“What hurts the victim most is not the cruelty of the oppressor, but the silence of the bystander.” -Elie Wiesel

This essay will ‘compare and contrast’ two approaches made in investigating the ‘bystander effect’. It will discuss in some depth as to what exactly is meant by the bystander effect, illustrating when this concept was first shown and why. An outline will be made of the different methods used, those being experiments and discourse analysis, explaining each one in turn, within the framework of two cases. The first being the murder of ‘Catherine Genovese,’ 1964.and the second ‘James Bulger’ 1993. The essay will then show examples of the differences and similarities between each method. Concluding with a summary of findings into the two approaches to investigating the Bystander Effect.

different times) act as if they were is a lot of pain or a drunk. The test was to see how long it took

Technology has various of changes in this world where the author Jean M. Twenge talks on the short essay called “Have Smartphones Destroyed a Generation?” use of technology has caused a blind effect on teens. Many teens now are dependent on texting then having a group conversation as compared to generations we can see the differences. The generation after 2012 are more relying on smartphones than early ones. Using of social media like Instagram, snapchat and Facebook began before they even start going to school. This kind of uses has been seen in health issues. Now teens are going out less to parks and using less outside resources. Which may be safer that kids stay inside, but they are more likely to go into depression. The smart phones have made teens to have less communication, a higher risk in health and rely on phones as part of their life. The essay “have smart phones destroyed a generation” talks on causes of technology. where we can discuss the effect, it has and people who more involved.

Because we are more likely to help those that are similar to us, we are more likely to help those that are of the same race as us. According to Marsh and Keltner (2006), “Research has shown that people are more likely to help those they perceive to be similar to them, including others from their own racial or ethnic groups. We don’t like to discover that our propensity for altruism can depend on prejudice…” We can connect the evidence provided to explain issues of the bystander effect and racism. For example, when people witness a situation of racism, they are probably only going to help if it is someone from the same racial group. However, if it were someone foreign to his or her group, then that would ignore the issue and not step in. Regarding the Holocaust and many other world issues, people probably did not care for it or paid attention because it did not concern people of their own kind. However, once an issue hits their own country/social group, then people will be quick to offer as much help as possible. I believe that this mentality is a part of the racism issue our society faces; we prefer to only help people of our own kind. If people continue to carry this mentality, then we will never get over our differences in order to help others. But if the world can come together and put those racial differences aside, then we can possibly live in a world with less conflict as we strive to help one another and live in peace.

From waking up to an alarm clock in the morning, to texting our friends during the day, to using an electric toothbrush at night, we have all relied on the use of technology. Today, technology has become an essential part of most people’s everyday lives. With the rapid growth of technology, we are continually discovering new ways to make our lives faster and simpler. However, there have been many debates regarding how these new methods have concerning side affects. A lot of concern is shown on our societies dependency upon these new innovations; our inability to cope with life without these useful but not necessary tools.

On March 13, 1964, a woman by the name of Kitty Genovese was walking towards her apartment-complex in New York City, when suddenly she was fatally stabbed on different occasions by a man named Winston Moseley. As she screamed and begged for people to help, her neighbors just stood and idly watched the incident. The neighbors were well aware of her situation due to her screams and some even watched the incident happen. There were 38 witnesses to the event, and no phone calls were made, until after her death. Why do you think no one helped? Why did her neighbors watch? What could have changed the outcome?

I believe that I have seen the possibility for the bystander effect when someone is injured. I play ultimate frisbee, and the closer knit the group is the more unlikely for the bystander effect to be observed when someone is hurt (closeness can be seen when people are talking to each other/participating in rituals).

Four people sit in a room, one directly behind the other. In front is the victim, behind is the perpetrator, behind them is the witness, and in the very back is the authority. The victim turns their back to the 3 people behind. On top of the victim's head is temptation. The authority, gets up from their chair, says to the bystander, “Let me know if you need anything”, and steps outside of the room. The perpetrator with a lack of authority, has a chance. The perpetrator grabs the temptation and the victim does not notice. The witness does notice but does not notify the authority and becomes the bystander. With all 4 components, a crime has occurred and will continue to until something changes. The people are stuck in their roles until anything changes. In a quote from Miles Lehrman, a holocaust survivor, he states, “A perpetrator is not the most dangerous enemy.

In 1964 The Bystander Effect came about when two men of the names Bibb Latané, a social psychologist; and John Darley also a social psychologist were impacted by the murder of Kitty Genovese. Kitty had been stabbed to death outside her own apartment, while over 38 people standing nearby had watched the brutal crime being committed. These same people didn’t have the audacity to say anything or even try to stop the murderer. Those 38 people just stood there and watched while an innocent life was taken away. John Darley and Bibb Latané were so fascinated by this tragedy that they decided to create an experiment well known as the Bystander Effect. This experiment is a social psychological wonder that alludes to cases in which people don't offer

The bystander effect is both a social and psychological phenomenon in which an individual’s inclination towards showing helping behaviours are minimised by the influence of other people. Research has found that the more people acting as bystanders in a situation, the less likely it is that helping behaviours will be demonstrated. However in the correct conditions, where conditioned cues increase self-awareness, it is possible to reverse the bystander effect phenomenon. The bystander effect is prevalent in everyday life, and often decorates the news, shocking the world, especially when authority figures such as police men and women succumb to the effect. Diffusion of responsibility, ignorance of others interpretation of an event and self-consciousness are all social processes which appear to lead to social inhibition of helping behaviours and one of the main theories of the bystander effect is provided Latané and Darley (1970) whose cognitive model provides a series of decisions that can lead to social inhibition. The bystander effect is influenced by the conditions an individual is in when an event occurs, for example the bystander effect appears to be most dominant when an individual is in a group of strangers with low group cohesiveness. FINISH

Would one help some random person on the street in need? What if they were out in the frigid cold with no home or warm clothes? How about if the person was a woman getting physically harassed by her boyfriend? Most people would say “yes” to these questions, but would they actually help if any of these situations occurred in their lives? “The bystander effect is a social psychological phenomenon that refers to cases in which individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present.” (Bystander Effect). Why is it that people do not help those in need? Isn’t that our duty as good citizens to help those in need? “The reason why people do not help those in need is because they believe somebody else will do something first.” (Heroic Imagination Project). This paper will cover the freezing child exercise, the New York City stabbing incident, and the physical abuse between a guy to a girl observation. All three different experiments will display the bystander effect in action with real people. These procedure will present the true faces of our society and expose the real heroes who would actually help those in need. The Bystander Effect causes people to stand by a misbehavior or a person in need presented by the procedure of the experiments, the results of the incident, and the reasoning for their actions.