The Effects Of The Detroit Race Riot Of 1967

Motown took the world over by surprise. The vivid and new sounds from Motown artists made screaming dedicated fans all over the world. With the addicted fans, Motown artists raised the bad and opened the eyes of those who thought African Americans would never amount to anything. Although there still happened to be racism, and prejudice, African Americans managed to become recognized and well known for their abilities. Not only were the Motown artists extraordinary talented, but they also were unbelievably strong and persistent for going against all those people out there who discriminated on them. They took the criticisms continued and went on with what they loved to do. One of the most famous groups during the

Berry Gordy Jr. started Motown Records in January of 1959 with only an $800 loan from his family and a passion for music. Within a few years of opening Motown Records, what started as a small Detroit record studio, they were selling more singles and releasing more hits than any other recording company. Motown became a cultural icon changing the way music was. Berry Gordy Jr. was known as the most successful African-American owned and operated record company which gave African-American artists a chance to record and sell their music. The embrace of Motown’s artists and recordings by the entire listening audience helped control racial barriers that had plagued the country since its establishment. In its classic era, the eventful music scene of the 1960s, Motown’s artists were among the most popular, establishing a standard of excellence and sophistication that has never been exceeded.

The Newark uprising of 1967 was the result of many different forms of injustices directed against the black community in Newark. Police brutality was one of the major factors that contributed to the people’s uprising. When governor Hughes appointed a committee to investigate the causes of the uprising and the ways to improve the relationship between the police and the Newark’s community, there were many testimonies and evidences that proved that police brutality was one of the major causes leading to the uprising. Despite all the data and the evidences that the Governor’s Commission Report (GSCCD) included and the testimonies of many people that witnessed the uprising, the Report of the New Jersey State Patrolmen’s Benevolent Association (PBA) rejected the findings to the Governor’s Commission Report and claimed that police brutality was just a stereotype in the African American neighborhoods. They suggested that the main reason that caused the uprising was the “weakness of official response” (PBA Report ix) to criminal acts done by members of the black community. This paper will focus mainly on assessing the arguments made by the PBA report and comparing them with the GSCCD report and the testimonies of the witnesses of the uprising.

Motown was established by Berry Gordy Jr. in the later winter of 1959. Then about 3 to 4 years later Motown Records,”was selling more singles and releasing more hits than any other record company.” (Classic Motown) Motown then soon became known as a central icon for many artists and just ordinary people. Motown had such a different and new sound that the people loved it and they wanted more. The love for this music has not gone away. People still listen and talk about the Motown sound and how it changed the way we looked at music. Motown created such fascinating sounds that would make you want to get up and dance. They would put soul, pop, and rock into everything they did. The best thing about Motown was that the artists and the bands and the recording people loved what they did they loved to sing dance play the instruments. This is what made them so successful that they did not have to try hard to love what they did.

Berry Gordy, the founder of Motown, had to so called ¨craft an image for his acts.¨ He had young stars go to a music school, to finish up and add on a few new techniques. He would also make them appear such that, in no way could even offend one person. Gordy tried to play it smart and to make the artists album covers in a way that it would be a secret in revealing the artist's race. Gordy found out that some black artist were still having trouble going from the R&B chart to the Hot 100. Many artists were having trouble trying to go along with what Gordy had in mind. But artist wanted to be themselves, express their feelings with how they wanna sing or perform. And hiding who they really were was hard from them to do when you have to keep their race in

This paper will be an updated version of my last paper which talked about a portion of Barry Gordy's background, Diana Ross and the Supremes, the Four Tops, Smokey Robinson and the Miracles, the Temptations and their start at Motown. How Motown was the first American music label owned by an African-American, the first music label to successfully market black artists to white mainstream audiences. How Motown was responsible for discovering, mentoring, and perfecting a lot of American popular music's most influential and successful artists and the best albums and artists and what new artists have entered Motown.

Music has meant many things throughout history. For many, music can be used as a form of religion, worship, or as way to pass the time while working in the fields (Music 2001). In the case of Motown, it was able to change the way that the black society was viewed. Before Motown, African Americans did not have very many rights and were seen as unequal to the white society. All of this change was achieved with the help of a man named Berry Gordy. Gordy was able to take the struggles from the lives of past African Americans, change the music world with some key players, and change the way that society viewed the African American race.

“The rise of rock ‘n’ roll and the reception of it, in fact, can tell us a lot about the culture and values of the United States in the 1950s. According to historians James Gilbert, there was a struggle throughout the decade ‘over the uses of popular culture to determine who would speak to what audience, and for what purpose”. At the center of that struggle, rock ‘n’ roll unsettled a nation had been “living in an ‘age of anxiety’” since 1945” (p.15). Altschuler talks about how music and race interlock with one another. Rock had become a “highly visible and contested arena for struggles over racial identity and cultural and economic empowerment in the United States” (p.35). Other chapters within the book state the battles involving sexuality, generational conflicts, as well as other social issues. The author states ideas that are somewhat problematic. For example, he states that there is a myth that rock ‘n’ roll went into a “lull” following the payola hearings (the practice of record promoters paying DJs or radio programmers to play their labels ' songs) of 1959 and did not come about again until the arrival of the Beatles in 1964.

Among the copious amounts of race riots arising in many parts of the United States, the Chicago race riot is the most recognizable. On July 27, 1919, a black boy named Eugene Williams was stoned by whites and drowned in the 29th street beach after accidentally swimming into white claimed territory. While this angered African Americans, the refusal by police to arrest the offenders of the attack infuriated them even more. The incident caused a full blown race riot, leaving 23 blacks and 15 whites dead, 537 people injured, and 1,000 black families homeless over a 13 period. In Washington D.C., four whites were killed along with two blacks, however, in Phillips County, Arkansas, 25 African Americans and 5 whites were declared officially dead,

As you weren't privy to this conversation, I should tell you that the possessive pronoun 'their' in the above quote has a unique antecedent: "white-women". My paternal relative made it his duty to forewarn me about the many evils that waited for me as an adult. To him, the number one threat to black men in the United States aside from living in the United States was and forever shall be white women.

The Columbia Race Riot was best known for being the first major confrontation following World War II. It’s a story of anger, fear, violence, and the law in a Tennessee town. The riot began with a 19 year old black navy veteran, James Stephenson and a white repairman. Their fight was over a botched radio repair. James Stephenson escaped being lynched in Columbia, Tennessee. The story had articles that were publish by Africans American and all white publishers. The newspaper articles from the publishers had many differences, but also had many similarities. The Nashville Globe by African Americans publishers and the Columbia Daily Herald by White Publishers caught my eye first. What similarities did both articles have? What differences did both articles have? After extensive research The Columbia Riot played a big role in the fight to freedom for African Americans.

In the music industry, Motown records had a profound influence on up and coming artists and those

Motown also had success not only music but in crossing over with white listeners. Motown was the sound of young America, and had a way of getting everyone to listen to their music. Their music was distinctive and was upbeat. The music brought together pop and soul, old and young, and black and white together. Regardless of race or social background people came together to listen to these songs that these artists were creating. Young teenage girls lived Diana Ross and Young teenage boys pretended to be Smokey

Berry Gordy wanted his record label to succeed so much and he wanted to prove that a black company can be well liked, large, and successful. Although Berry succeeded at this the problem was that Berry Gordy focused on making the artist popular and so successful that he didn’t allow the artist’s full talent and personality to show. Some say Berry Gordy gave the exception to Diana Ross from this for “obvious reasons.” Another problem was that many of the artist where to similar. Groups like the Temptations and the Four Tops all looked the same, talked the same, sang the same, and all around where to similar. When many artist sounded the same then people would most likely get bored with all the artist. Producing the motown artist took away from their own talent. Some say that Florence Ballard had a great voice and that she had a better voice than Diana Ross, but because of “obvious reasons” Diana Ross was the lead singer in the group. Many motown artist eventually got upset with the way motown was doing things and ended up leaving motown records. Marvin Gaye was one of the artist that did get upset with Berry Gordy and let him know it. Marvin Gaye was one of the artist that was able to promote his own talent. Along with Marvin Gaye, David Ruffin and Eddie Kendricks of the temptations left the record label as well. Other reasons for some of the artist leaving the record label where financial reasons and some control issues. The control over many of the artist eventually failed when the artist entered adulthood and matured. The record label basically changed who the artist really were when they were in their career. The artist just couldn’t bring out their true personality and talent and this was one of the biggest problems with motown even though it was one of Berry Gordy’s main technique to make motown records as big as of a success that it

Under his guidance, the sound of Motown became one of the most remarkable and memorable musical accomplishments of the 20th century. Berry Gordy showed leadership and legacy in American history because he built an independent entertainment that Motown itself became a cultural icon, Motown music communicated with a racially divided country and segregated society, and created the “sound of young America” with the help of many successful artists. Motown