The Effects Of Uncontrolled Diabetes in the Heart & Kidneys

Diabetes is a prevalent health disparity among the Latino population. Diabetes is listed as the fifth leading cause of death among the Latino population in the website for Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, in 2009. According to McBean, “the 2001 prevalence among Hispanics was significantly higher than among blacks.” (2317) In other words among the Hispanic or Latino community, there is a higher occurrence of diabetes as compared to other racial/ethnic groups such as Blacks and Native Americans. The prevalence of diabetes among Latinos is attributed to the social determinants of health such as low socioeconomic status and level of education. Further, this becomes an important public health issue when it costs the

Currently Healthy People has identified diabetes as one of the 7th leading causes of death in the United States. Diabetes is defined as chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas is not working correctly. There are several kinds of diabetes but the most common are: diabetes type one which is when the body does not produce insulin, diabetes type two is when the body does not use insulin and creates resistance to insulin, it is the most common among diabetics, and other diabetes types are usually gestational, which can be the short term. Not only does diabetes lead to death, it shortens the life expectancy, it also increases the risks for heart disease and it leads to kidney failure which leads to other organ failure. In addition to being

Based on the United States census, it is estimated that by the year 2050 one in three people living in the United Sates will be of Hispanic/Latino origin which include sub groups like Puerto Rican, Mexican, Cuban, Central Americans, and South Americans (Heart Association, 2014). Within those subgroups, the prevalence varied for people of Mexican descent from as high of 18.3 percent to as low as 10.3 percent for people of South American descent, Dominicans and Puerto Rican descent 18.1 percent, Central American descent and Cubans descent 13.4 percent all living in the United States with diabetes type 2. On another commentary being published in the same issue of Diabetes Care, the author wrote, “the differences in diabetes and obesity prevalence among Latinos subgroups are marked when all individuals are combined into a single group” (Heart Association, 2014). Diabetes in Latino Americans has become more prevalence with aging, by the time they reach the age of 70 years, 44.3 percent of Latino men age 70 years old to 74 years old will have develop diabetes. The same study also indicated that the longer Latino Americans live in the United States the more likely they will develop diabetes, that is according to the education and income level of the person. The study also shows

Over the past few decades, there has been an increased concern about diabetes and its effects on minority populations. Type II Diabetes is also referred to as “adult onset diabetes”, and is a condition where the body does not regulate blood glucose effectively and resists insulin. This does not allow for glucose to get into the cells of fat tissue, the liver, and muscle cells and therefore they cannot function optimally. The National Center for Health Statistics reported that in 2012, African Americans had the highest amount of new reported cases of Type II diabetes when compared to all other racial and ethnic populations, and the second highest amount of overall diabetes diagnosis at 13.2%.1,2 In 2012, type II diabetes was the sixth-leading cause of death in the United States, and African Americans are nearly two times more likely to develop diabetes. More than 50% of all new diabetes cases are developed in African American populations, with a 27% higher mortality rate than Caucasians.1

Diabetes has become a widespread epidemic, primarily because of the increasing prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is an endocrine disease in which the body has either a shortage of insulin or a decrease ability to use insulin or both. Insulin is a hormone that allows glucose to enter the cells and be converted into energy. Diabetes can be characterized as a prevailing, incapacitating, and deadly disease. There are a number of risk factors that increase a person’s tendency toward developing type II diabetes. Modifiable risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity and poor dietary habits are just a few. The

The problem that is being researched in the article is type 2 diabetes is a steadily increasing common disease among the general minority population in the United States and is believed to affect at least three hundred million people by the year 2025. Type two diabetes had been reported to be much higher in minorities. The minority population commonly demonstrates higher level of blood glucose than people with Caucasian backgrounds. A study conducted in 2005, reported African Americans were twice likely to die from type 2 diabetes while the Hispanic population reported an estimated 1.6 times were likely to die from type 2 diabetes. Unfortunately those who have type 2 diabetes do not control their blood glucose level and are at greater risk

The heart and blood vessels (aka, the circulatory system) are responsible for delivering vitamins and nutrients throughout the body. When blood glucose levels are high, the increased sugar flows throughout the body and effects the vessels. High blood sugars causes plaque to build in the

Diabetes is a treatable and manageable disease however having diabetes increases one’s risk of developing heart disease. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease by a factor of two to three at every level of systolic blood pressure (New England Journal of Medicine, 2010). Diabetes may be controllable with life style changes to keep insulin levels under control which can lower the chances of cardiovascular disease.

Diabetes is a disease that is high blood sugar. When you don't take your insulin you could very well go into a diabetic coma. This disease is not something like the flu that goes away in a few days, it is very long lasting. In order to not have a cardiovascular disease too, you have to keep an eye on blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Smoking can also cause a cardiovascular disease. There are also two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is also referred to juvenile diabetes, and other things. Of all the people with diabetes about 90% have type 2. Type 2 means your body doesn't produce enough insulin for proper function. People that suffer from obesity are most likely to suffer from type two. Having only one can of soda a day raises your

Type 2 diabetes is known to affect 11.8% of the Hispanic population compared to 7.1% of non-Hispanic Whites (Gonzalez, Berry, & Davison, 2013). As of July 1, 2013, the Hispanic population is the largest minority group in the United States (CDC, 2013). This statistic, combined with the high prevalence of diabetes in the Hispanic population makes diabetes self-management a priority (Gonzalez et al., 2013). Hispanics are more likely to develop end-stage renal disease related to diabetes and they are also 50% more likely to

The burden of diabetes in the United States has become a persistent threat to the health and welfare of the people and the nation. Diabetes is ranked the seventh cause of death. Diabetes is a disease characterized by high levels of blood glucose caused by problems in insulin production, working of the produced insulin, or even both, which results in serious complications and ultimately death (National Diabetes Education Program, 2007). Type-two diabetes however, occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin or make use of insulin the body produces effectively. It has been diagnosed in all shades of the U.S. population, and Hispanics are nearly as twice (12.8%) to have diabetes compared to non-Hispanic whites (7.6%) (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Hispanics are disproportionately afflicted with diabetes compared with other ethnicities like Non-Hispanic whites or Asian Americans, looking at levels of diabetes complications (Appendix A, Figure 1).

Prolonged excess blood glucose can result in many complications as the blood vessels are affected all over the body. Such a condition damages not only the kidneys, but even eyes and heart. Neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease are also other complications that affect many organs of the body. Consequently, the

Diabetes is a disease from which numerous other health complications can arise. In their article, “Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease: A Risk Factor for the Global Epidemic,” Chilha, Njeim, & Chedrawy (2012) state that diabetes can lead to a plethora of various other illnesses. These diseases not only affect the United States as a whole, but developing countries as well (Chilha et al., 2012, pp. 697,240). Developing countries have had increasing cases of diabetes that have led to a number of other health complications including hypertension, a disease that is characterized by an increase in arterial blood pressure. Haffner and colleagues discuss in their article, “Mortality From Coronary Heart Disease In Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes And In Non-Diabetic Subjects With and Without Prior Myocardial Infarction,” if diabetic patients who have not had a myocardial Infarction (MI) should be aggressively treated for cardiovascular risk factors as with non-diabetic patients who have had an MI . This supports that diabetes does indeed lead to an increased risk for coronary heart disease. Lakka et al. (2002) also support this claim in their work titled, “The Metabolic Syndrome and Total and Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-aged Men.” Each work analyzes diabetes and its associated health complications in different ways using experimental and statistical data. However, all come to the common conclusion that diabetes does increase one’s risk for developing coronary heart disease. Certain

Diabetes has a huge impact on men and women higher in women who have cardiac disease problems or may lead to having cardiac problems. No matter the type of diabetes you have whether it be type 1 where you are insulin resistant or type 2 and you are not secreting enough insulin increases your risk for cardiac disease. Women with either type of diabetes not only increases their risk for cardiac problems but they are at risk for vascular problems such as having an MI and increased mortality rate. The factors that can contribute to these problems is poor glycemic control, elevated blood pressure and lipids, obesity, socioeconomic factors and depression.

Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing primarily vascular complications that contribute to morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients. Poor glycaemic control leads to vascular complications that affect large (macrovascular), small (microvascular) vessels or both. Macrovascular complications include coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke. Microvascular complications contribute to diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage), nephropathy (kidney disease) and retinopathy (eye disease).