The Effects of Cold on Blood Pressure and Pulse

After the Daphnia was given time to calm down, the team took a reading of its heart rate at room temperature (27 degrees C). The reading was taken by counting the heart beats for ten seconds and then multiplying by six to yield beats per minute. Next, a glass Petri dish was filled with ice water at five degrees Celsius. The cold water Petri dish was placed on the stage of the microscope, and the Daphnia was placed on top of the dish. When the Daphnia had been given a minute to acclimate to the changes, another heart rate reading was taken. Then the same procedure using the Petri dish to changed environmental conditions was used with cold tap water (23 degrees), warm tap water (30 degrees), and hot tap water (45 degrees). A heart rate reading was taken for each temperature.

This experiment was carried out as noted about in Procedure 1. The resting heart rate was established and used as a baseline value from which to compare all future deviations. While data could

8. Which of the following information from the medical charts appears to play the least role in determining blood pressure?

The heating system of a house works to keep the temperature constant. If the house gets too cold,

6. End systolic and diastolic2. What were the specifi c eff ects of the Lasix, hot water, and alcohol on the couple’s blood pressure?

The range of normal resting systolic BP for the subjects in this experiment is 115-125 mmHg. Did systolic BP increase, decrease, or not change with exercise?

If the resistance increases, cardiac output decreases and the blood pressure increase and if the resistance decreases, cardiac output increase and the blood pressure decreases. During each contraction, the amount of blood pumped out by one ventricle is stroke volume. The number of heartbeat in each minute is known as heart rate. The normal heart rate value for adult is 60-100 beats per minute. The cardiac output is directly proportional to the stroke volume and heart rate. The average arterial pressure during one cardiac cycle is mean arterial pressure (MAP), which is directly related to the cardiac output and resistance. The instrument sphygmomanometer with an air cuff attached to the reservoir is used to detect blood pressure associated with the pulse.

As a result, this reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures. (8 points) Score 2. Consider the following reaction occurring in a closed chemical system. Assume that this reaction is at equilibrium and that in general the reaction to the right is favored.

Even more useful terms are Ectothermic or Endothermic, which suggest two different mechanisms of thermoregulation. Ectotherms generally obtain heat from

Chemical reactions that absorb energy are called endothermic reactions, these reactions are observed by a decrease in temperature of the reaction mixture.

These numbers decreased on an average of 5.57 mmHg every three months. Age and number of steps was related to the initial starting value, and somewhat for the changes seen over time, while gender was only related to the initial starting value. While being different, the two research sites saw similar changes in systolic and diastolic BPs. At KI, systolic and diastolic BP was seen to initially be high, the fall about halfway through the study, and then slightly increase toward the end, while at ASU, systolic and diastolic BP were seen to be lower than KI’s initial measurement, increasing about halfway through and then tapering off toward the end. Diastolic BP followed suit of systolic and decreased over time by a rate of 4.03 mmHg every three months. However, for diastolic BP, gender had no correlation to initial or continuous changes diastolic BP, age was only related to the initial diastolic BP, and the number of steps taken was only related to the changes over time. For VO2max, ASU’s estimated VO2max was lower than KI’s, and, over time, ASU participants’ VO2max decreased while it stayed basically the same at KI. It was also found that the number of steps taken, and age were positively related to changes in VO2max over time, while gender showed no

This change in temperature was used in the equation q=-ms∆T, where q was the heat released

Systolic pressure is the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart is beating. Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure in blood vessels when the heart is resting between beats. It is measured in the unit of millimeters of mercury or mmHg. The normal blood pressure for an adult should average at about 120/80 mmHg. Anything grammatically higher than that number is considered high blood pressure and anything below is low blood pressure.

amount of pressure exerted on arterial walls in the patient’s heart. Blood pressure is measured in

The purpose of the experiment is to see how different variables affect pulse rate and blood pressure.